The Nature Of Research
- 1. The Nature of Research Ervin Ramos DLSU-D Some materials taken from the WWW.
- 2. RESEARCH DENOTATIONS AND CONNOTATIONS When you think of research, what images appear in your mind’s eye?
- 3. What do you usually associate with research? (Connotations) Tons of paper work!!!
- 4. What do you usually associate with research? (Connotations) Experiments?
- 5. What is research? (Denotation) Origin of the Word “Research” From the French word "recherche" which means to travel through or survey
- 6. What is research? (Denotation) Research is the “process of posing a research problem, gathering information, determining relationships, and writing the paper” (Plata et. Al, 2006).
- 7. What is research? (Denotation) ...An unusually stubborn and persisting effort to think straight which involves the gathering and intelligent use of data. Hamblin, H. (1966). What is research? American Vocational Journal, 41(6), 14-16.
- 8. TYPES OF RESEARCH (Sevilla, Ochave, Punsalan, Regala, & Uriarte, 1992) Action Basic Applied
- 9. TYPES OF RESEARCH (Sevilla, Ochave, Punsalan, Regala, & Uriarte, 1992) This type of research is done for the main purpose of arriving or testing a theory. The main objective of the research is to establish general principles without known or intended practical application of the findings. As Fox (1969, as cited in Sevilla, et. Al, 1992) wrote, “It is in search of knowledge for knowledge’s sake” (p. 65). BASIC RESEARCH
- 10. TYPES OF RESEARCH (Sevilla, Ochave, Punsalan, Regala, & Uriarte, 1992) This type of research is done to solve a research problem through the application of a theory. It is also sometimes done to test a theory and evaluate its usefulness. APPLIED RESEARCH
- 11. Pulitzer prize winning photo taken in 1994 during the Sudan famine.
- 12. Pulitzer prize winning photo taken in 1994 during the Sudan famine. The picture depicts a famine stricken child crawling towards a United Nations food camp, located a kilometer away. The vulture is waiting for the child to die so that it can eat it. This picture shocked the whole world. No one knows what happened to the child, including the photographer Kevin Carter who left the place as soon as the photograph was taken. Three months later he committed suicide due to depression.
- 13. TYPES OF RESEARCH (Sevilla, Ochave, Punsalan, Regala, & Uriarte, 1992) This refers to research done by discovering or identifying and solving a problem in the immediate local setting without the intention of generalizing its results. ACTION RESEARCH
- 14. Two Approaches to Research Quantitative Qualitative
- 15. Quantitative Emphasizes numbers, measurements, control, and experimentation Goal: statistically or numerically describe, analyze, show relationships (correlations) or establish causality
- 16. Do you agree?
- 17. Do you agree?
- 18. Qualitative Emphasizes natural settings, observations, verbal narratives, and interpretations Some Goals: Develop understanding Describe multiple realities Capture naturally occurring behavior
- 19. Qualitative vis-à-vis Quantitative Box B Large Representative Random Selection Control Groups Stratified Box A Small Nonrepresentative Purposeful Sample Size? Qualitative Quantitative
- 20. Qualitative vis-à-vis Quantitative Box B Observation Open-ended interviewing Review of documents and artifacts Box A Experiments Quasi-experiments Surveys Structured Interviews Structured Observations Methods? Qualitative Quantitative
- 21. One is categorically not better than the other. The research problem, objectives, questions, and data determine which approach is best. Before, some researchers underestimate the importance of qualitative research. Today, however, qualitative is a significant tool for researchers worldwide. Which Approach is Best?
- 22. Three Major Types of Research Historical- What was Descriptive - What is Experimental – What can be
- 23. Possible Sources of Research Problems? When there is an absence of information resulting in a gap in our knowledge. When there are contradictory results. When a fact exists and you intend to make your study explain it. When you want to improve a product, a process, a situation…