The document discusses new themes in applying Lean principles within banking and financial institutions. It notes that high cost pressures have pushed these organizations to seek more efficient tools like Lean. While Lean was gaining traction in other industries, many banking implementations were ineffective, with only 2% achieving desired results. Successful deployments focused on customers, sustainable long-term implementation across all functions, and embracing change. In contrast, most saw limited benefits due to siloed, process-focused efforts with little follow-through. The document outlines evolving Lean themes, including incorporating it throughout the operating model, using data to drive decisions, innovating beyond waste removal, and establishing Lean as a cultural change rather than just projects.