TRANSED Chapter 1 Form and Meaning
- 1. Chapter I Form and Meaning What is translation? - Consists of changing from one state or form to another - To turn into one's own or another's language - A change of form SOURCE LANGUAGE - The form from which the translation is made RECEPTOR LANGUAGE - The form into which it is to be changed
- 2. Source Language Receptor Language MEANING Translation Text to be translated Re-express The meaning Discover the meaning
- 3. SL Tengo Sueno RL1 Kajang pujawai RL2 I am sleepy Person (speaker) is in state of Being sleepy.
- 4. When the translator may not be equally fluent in two languages, the study of principles to be presented will enable them to make a more adequate translation. Ex. English – What is your name? Spanish – Como se llama? ( “How yourself you-call?”) Aguaruna – Amesh yaitpa? (“You-doubt who-are-you?”)
- 5. Characteristics of language which affect translation Meaning components “Packaged” into lexical items, but they are “packaged” differently in one language than in another. Meaning components of Plurality For example the English. This often occurs in grammar as a suffix on the nouns or verbs or both.
- 6. Meaning components of Plurality In Aguaruna, plurality is a component of the verb stem itself. They use different forms for singular and plural. 1. tupikau – he runs 2. pisaju – they run 1. eketu – he sits 2. pekemsau – they sit
- 7. Meaning Components Components or words that are translated in a single word. Example : In Otomi (Mexico) : one single word means watch sheep by night In Vietnamese: there is a word which means someone leaves to go somewhere and something happens at home so that he has to go back home
- 8. Characteristics of Language The same meaning component will occur in several surface structure lexical items (forms) Example: Word English Huambisa(Peru) Lamb Young sheep its child Ram Adult male sheep big Ewe Adult female sheep its woman
- 9. Whole sentences may also have several functions. A question form may be used for a non-question. Example: “Mary, why don't you wash the dishes?” * It may be asking for information,but is often used with the meaning of command or suggestion, rather than a real question. It is then a rhetorical question.
- 10. Grammatical markers – also have their primary function and often have other secondary functions. Ex. preposition “on” John found a book Juan encontro un libro en on the floor. (on) el suelo. John found a book Juan encontro un libro on Mathematics. sobre/da (about) matematicas.
- 11. Skewing - the diversity or lack of one-to-one correlation between form and meaning. - the basic reason that translation is a complicated task.
- 12. Conclusion The goal of a translator should be to produce a receptor language text (a translation) which is idiomatic; that is one which has the same meaning as the source language but it is expressed in a natural form of the receptor language. The meaning, not the form, is retained.