Trends in next-generation data center interconnects (DCI)
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The document discusses trends in next-generation data center interconnects, highlighting the need for scalable network capacity amid growing global IP traffic and hyperscaler demands. It emphasizes the relationship between CMOS technology advancements and optical interconnects, exploring trade-offs between flexibility, scalability, and power consumption. Additionally, the document addresses the shift from direct detect to coherent interfaces in data center interconnects and the potential benefits of optical switching solutions.
Trends in next-generation data center interconnects (DCI)
- 1. Trends in next-generation data center interconnects (DCI) ECOC 2022, 8th International Symposium for Optical Interconnects in Data Centers Jörg-Peter Elbers, SVP, advanced technology, standards & IPR, ADVA
- 2. © 2022 ADVA. All rights reserved. 2 Need to explore all dimensions to scale up network capacity in a sustainable way The capacity crunch continues Claude Shannon by Konrad Jacobs, CC BY-SA 2.0 de C = P × M × B × log2 (1+ SNR) The optimization is different for intra- and inter-DCI – the knobs are the same Traffic growth 25% CAGR (global IP traffic): ~10x growth in 10 years 50% CAGR (hyperscalers): ~60x growth in 10 years
- 3. © 2022 ADVA. All rights reserved. 3 Want to minimize electronic processing between ASIC and optical engine Switch silicon is in the driving seat - optics need to follow CMOS roadmap creates technology push 2018 2020 2022 2025* 2028* CMOS node (nm) 16.0 7.0 5.0 3.0 2.1 ToR switch ASIC (Tb/s) 12.8 25.6 51.2 102.4 204.8 Packet fabric ASIC (Tb/s) 9.6 --- 19.2 --- 38.4 Packet processor ASIC (Tb/s) 4.8 7.2 14.4 28.8 57.6 Coherent DSP (GBd) 60 90 120 180 240 Electrical SerDes (Gb/s)** 25/50 50/100 50/100 100/200 100/200 *Predictions **NRZ up to 25G, PAM4 for 50G+
- 4. © 2022 ADVA. All rights reserved. 4 Interface standards facilitate interoperability Intra-DCI (SR to FR) Inter-DCI (from LR to ZR+) Simplest solution if number of optical and electrical lanes match OIF OIF
- 5. © 2022 ADVA. All rights reserved. 5 Ultimately, a trade-off between flexibility, scalability and power consumption Pluggable transceivers vs. co-packaged optics (CPO) https://docs.broadcom.com/doc/cpo-switch-deployment 800G-DR8 OSFP module 5W coherent 100G-ZR QSFP-28 module
- 6. © 2022 ADVA. All rights reserved. 6 Coherent interfaces have replaced direct detect in inter-DC applications Really a discussion of intra- vs inter-DC interconnects today Direct detect vs. coherent interfaces QSFP28 100G-ZR “lite“ Gen 1 DCI-OLS (direct detect) up to 100km, 4.8Tbit/s QSFP-DD 400G-ZR Gen2 DCI-OLS (coherent) up to 120km, 25.6Tbit/s Open line system (OLS): • Twin-amp & mux/demux • Automatic power & dispersion* equalization • OCM & OTDR option *direct detect only Terminals: • Pluggable interfaces in switches & routers Control & management: • Device APIs, optional domain controller
- 7. © 2022 ADVA. All rights reserved. 7 There is value in an optical bypass of packet switches/routers Replacement of electrical packet switches by optical circuit switches (OCS) Electrical vs. optical switching AB: Aggregation block (leaf) SP: Spine block Jupiter evolving | Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM 2022 Apollo architecture Jupiter architecture
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