Tsm planning
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The document discusses tourism development planning. It notes that planning can take either a proactive or reactive approach. The proactive approach requires a deep understanding of internal and external factors that could impact development. The reactive approach assumes there are too many variables to plan effectively. The document also outlines key aspects of tourism like its labor intensive nature, seasonality, and role in wealth distribution. It describes the multi-layered nature of tourism planning from international to local levels. An effective development plan is flexible, thorough, and follows processes for analysis, policy formation, and implementation with monitoring for reformulation.
Tsm planning
- 2. Integrated Planning and Development PROACTIVE APPROACH – requires deep and thorough understanding of not only the local economy and its structure, limitations and strengths, but also the probable effects of external factors, how they may impinge on the local developent process and what form these external effects are likely to take. REACTIVE APPROACH – based upon the premise that there are too many variables, internally and externally, to be able to plan
- 3. TOURISM AND DEVELOPMENT Tourism product characteristics Tourism as a means of wealth distribution Tourism as labor-intensive industry Tourism and on-the-job training Protectionism Multitude of industry Price flexibility Price Competitive Seasonality The structure of tourism
- 4. TOURISM PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS >>> Uniqueness >>> Multiplier effect >>> Leakage
- 5. TOURISM AS A MEANS OF WEALTH DISTRIBUTION >>> fastest earners of foreign exchange >>> domestic tourism – effective means of income redsitribution
- 6. TOURISM AS A LABORINTENSIVE INDUSTRY >>> generation of employment opportunities >>> importation of labor
- 7. TOURISM AND ON-THEJOB TRAINING >>> educational qualifications >>> education and training
- 8. STRUCTURE OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY >>> SME's >>> International Hotel Chains >>> Independent flight operators >>> National airline giants
- 9. MULTITUDE OF INDUSTRIES >>> different tourism sectors >>> employment mutipliers >>> tourist expenditure
- 10. PRICE FLEXIBILITY >>> product differentiation PRICE COMPETITIVE >>> price sensitivity
- 11. SEASONALITY >>> supply and demand factors >>> consumption of tourists
- 12. DEVELOPMENT PLANNING LAYERS International tourism planning National tourism planning Regional/Local tourism planning
- 13. THE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT PLANNING PROCESS Study recognition and preparation Setting of objectives or goals for the strategy Survey of existing data Implementatin of new surveys Analyses Policy and plan formulation Recommendations Implementation of the plan Monitoring and reformulation
- 14. DEVELOPMENT PLAN TEAM The Development plan team wil consist of four groups of specialists, falling into the broad categories of technical services, marketing specialists, planners and economists
- 15. DEVELOPMENT PLAN FIVE DISTINCT PHASES Identification and inventory of the existing situation Forecasts for the future Plan formulation Specific project development Implementation
- 16. The successful development of tourism requires the construction of a development plan or strategy that is flexible and thorough. Flexibility is required in order to adjust and reformulate in response to internal and external changes. Thoroughness is required because of the complexity of the tourism industry and the economic, environmental and social consequences of its development.
- 17. Although the process of tourism development planning will be specific from destination to destination there are processes that need to be followed at national and sub-national levels and these processes provide the framework for tourism development planning. Tourism development plan failure is likely to be attributable to failures at either the design stage (inadequate planning structure) or the Implementation stage . It is important that authorities have contingency plans in place to deal with unexpected events that may knock the tourism strategy off corse.