Type of simples machine
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The document defines and describes the six classical simple machines: the lever, pulley, inclined plane, screw, wedge, and wheel and axle. Each machine is described in one to three sentences explaining its basic function and components. The lever has a fulcrum and uses resistance and effort forces. A pulley changes the direction of force applied and may be fixed, movable, or compound. An inclined plane provides mechanical advantage through distance rather than effort. A screw uses inclined threads to convert rotational to linear motion. A wedge uses an inclined plane to split or hold materials. A wheel and axle functions as a rotating lever with the axle as the fulcrum.
Type of simples machine
- 1. Usually the term refers to the six classical simple machines which were defined by scientists.
- 2. The Lever
- 3. a rigid bar that is free to turn about a fixed point called the fulcrum Every Lever has three (3) parts: 1. Resistance Force, Input Force or Load, What you are trying to move or lift. 2. Effort Force or Output Force - The work done on the Lever. 3. Fulcrum – A fixed pivot point.
- 4. THE PULLY
- 5. • A pulley changes the direction of the force: – Instead of lifting up, you can pull down using your body weigh against the load (what is being lifted) • A pulley gains nothing in force, distance or speed
- 6. a wheel that turns around an axle • A pulley is a grooved wheel that turns around an axle (fulcrum), and a rope or a chain is used in the grove to lift heavy objects. • A pulley may be fixed, moveable, or used in combination.
- 7. • A moveable pulley acts – the load is between the fulcrum and the effort
- 8. • A compound pulley is a system of movable pulleys. • Mechanical advantage can be increased by using more than one pulley.
- 10. a sloping surface that does not move • An inclined plane provides for NOT Less work but less effort. • The trade off is greater distance to travel.
- 12. The Screw
- 13. The Screw an inclined plane wrapped around a central cylinder • A Screw has two (2) parts: – The Body – Cylinder Post – The Thread – Inclined Plane wrapped around the cylinder.
- 14. The Screw • Functions of the screw – To fasten things – the standard screw or nuts & bolts. – Drill bits are screws used to make holes. – A jackscrew is used to lift heavy objects; car jack.
- 15. The Screw • When you turn a screw: – The input force is changed by the threads into an output force. – The output force pulls the screw into the materials. – Friction between the threads & the material holds the screw in place.
- 17. The Wedge an inclined plane that tapers to a sharp edge • The wedge used to increase force. • The material remains in place while he wedge moves through it. • A wedge changes the direction of the input force.
- 18. The Wedge • Wedges can be forced between two things to hold them tightly together, like nails or a doorstop. • Wedges can be used to split, cut or fasten.
- 19. The Wheel & Axle
- 20. The Wheel & Axle a wheel connected to a rigid pole • The Wheel & axle is a modified lever: – The center of the axle acts as a fulcrum – making the wheel a lever that rotates around in a circle.