Types of attack -Part3 (Malware Part -1)
- 1. TYPES OF ATTACK (PART 3) MALWARE Part 1 Prof. Neeraj Bhargava Mrs. Shubha Chaturvedi Department of Computer Science, School of Engineering & System Sciences MDS University Ajmer, Rajasthan
- 2. What is Malware? It’s a malicious code or program planted on our computer by an attacker to gain control over our computer, network, and data –without our knowledge for causes harm. Malware is short for MALicious softWARE and a generic term covering a range of software programs, and types of programs designed to attack, degrade or prevent the intended use of computer whether it is a virus, worms, Trojan Horse, Logic Bomb, Cookies, Adware, Spyware, Crimeware, Spam, Trapdoor, Keyloggers etc.
- 4. COMPUTER VIRUS A computer virus is a type of malicious code or program written to alter the way a computer operates and is designed to spread from one computer to another. A virus operates by inserting or attaching itself to a legitimate program or document that supports macros in order to execute its code. In the process, a virus has the potential to cause unexpected or damaging effects, such as harming the system software by corrupting or destroying data.
- 5. COMPUTER WORM A computer worm is a type of malware that spreads copies of itself from computer to computer. A worm can replicate itself without any human interaction, and it does not need to attach itself to a software program in order to cause damage.
- 6. Trojan Horse • A Trojan horse or Trojan is a type of malware that is often disguised as legitimate software. Trojans can be employed by cyber-thieves and hackers trying to gain access to users' systems. Users are typically tricked by some form of social engineering into loading and executing Trojans on their systems. Once activated, Trojans can enable cyber-criminals to spy on you, steal your sensitive data, and gain backdoor access to your system. These actions can include: Deleting data , Blocking data, Modifying data, Copying data, Disrupting the performance of computers or computer networks.
- 7. Logic Bomb • A Logic Bomb is a piece of often-malicious code that is intentionally inserted into software. It is activated upon the host network only when certain conditions are met. • A logic bomb is a malicious program that is triggered when a logical condition is met, such as after a number of transactions have been processed, or on a specific date or time, on removal of file, and so on . Malware such as worms often contain logic bombs, behaving in one manner, and then changing tactics on a specific date and time.
- 8. COOKIES • A computer “cookie” is more formally known as an HTTP cookie, a web cookie, an Internet cookie or a browser cookie. • The purpose of the computer cookie is to help the website keep track of your visits and activity. This isn’t always a bad thing. For example, many online retailers use cookies to keep track of the items in a user’s shopping cart as they explore the site. Without cookies, your shopping cart would reset to zero every time you clicked a new link on the site. That would make it difficult to buy anything online! • A website might also use cookies to keep a record of your most recent visit or to record your login information. Many people find this useful so that they can store passwords on frequently used sites, or simply so they know what they have visited or downloaded in the past.
- 9. SPYWARE • Spyware is loosely defined as malicious software designed to enter your computer device, gather data about you, and forward it to a third-party without your consent. • Spyware can also refer to legitimate software that monitors your data for commercial purposes like advertising. However, malicious spyware is explicitly used to profit from stolen data. • Whether legitimate or based in fraud, spyware’s surveillance activity leaves you open to data breaches and misuse of your private data. Spyware also affects network and device performance, slowing down daily user activities.
- 10. ADWARE Adware, or also called advertising supported software, is software that displays unwanted advertisements on your computer. Adware programs will tend to serve you pop-up ads, can change your browser’s homepage, add spyware and just bombard your device with advertisements. Adware is a more succinct name for potentially unwanted programs. • Adware uses the browser to collect your web browsing history in order to ’target’ advertisements that seem tailored to your interests. At their most innocuous, adware infections are just annoying. For example, adware barrages you with pop-up ads that can make your Internet experience markedly slower and more labor intensive. • How to tell if you have an Adware infection Slow computer Bombarded with Ads Constant crashing Browser homepage changes