Types of communication
- 1. Types of communication Presented By:- TANUJ KUMAR HSB,HISAR
- 2. Types of Communication Communication in organization can be studied under A. Channel or Network – 1)Formal and 2) Informal. B. Direction of Message 1) Downward (2) Upward 3) Horizontal 4)Diagonal C. Method of Expression :1)Oral 2)Written3)Gestural
- 3. Channels of Communication Formal Communication – It refers to the official communication which takes place following the chain of command in the organization.
- 4. Advantages of Formal Communication 1)Orderly Flow of Information 2)Identified Source 3)Control 4)Answerability for Actions 5)Justification of authority 6)Authentic Information
- 5. Disadvantages of Formal Communication 1)Time consuming 2)Lack of Personal Touch 3)Distortion 4) Expensive
- 6. Informal Communication – Communication between individuals and groups which are not officially recognised.
- 7. Grapevine has the following features 1.It transmits in every direction 2.Grapevine is selective with regard to the person who receives the information. 3.Grapevine is based on people rather than task. 4.Grapevine does not follow a fixed pattern.
- 8. 5)Grapevine generally occurs orally. 6)Grapevine extends beyond the formal hierarchy system of an organization. It can occur off the job.
- 9. Channels of Communication Advantages of Informal Communication 1)Social Relations 2)Need satisfaction 3)Speed 4)Feedback 5)Better Human Relations
- 10. Channels of Communication Disadvantages of Informal Communication 1.Incomplete Information 2.Distortion 3.Unrealiability 4.Lack of Authenticity 5.Problem in Fixing Responsibility
- 11. Types of Grapevine Single Strand Network Gossip Network Probability network Cluster
- 12. Direction or Flow of Communication Downward communication Upward communication Horizontal communication Diagonal communication
- 14. Downward communication Merits 1)Mission and Goals 2)Plans and Policies 3)Duty and authority 4)Job satisfaction Limitations 1.Distortion 2.Incomplete Information 3.Time Consuming 4.Filteration of Information.
- 17. Media of upward Communication 1.Suggestion System. 2.Grievance Procedure . 3.Open-door Policy. 4.Questionnaries 5.Ombudsperson
- 18. Merits of Upward Communication Feedback Creative Ideas Better Relations Increased Motivation Overcome Resistance to Change
- 19. Limitations of upward communication Fear and Apprehensions Filteration Time Consuming Inattention by Superiors Low Morale.
- 20. Horizontal or Lateral Communication It refers to the transmission of information among persons of the same level.
- 21. Horizontal or Lateral Communication
- 22. Merits of Horizontal communication It speeds up the flow of work in the organization It facilitates problem-solving among members at the same level and brings about co-ordination. It helps in reviewing activities assigned to people working at identical positions. It develops mutual trust and confidence. It relieves top managers burden of solving problems of lower levels.
- 23. Limitations of Horizontal Communication 1.Managers lack knowledge of other functional areas. 2.Personal likes and dislikes among different work group can obstruct free flow of information. 3. Differences in perception and attitudes of functional heads can be counter – productive in horizontal communication.
- 24. Diagonal Communication Diagonal communication cuts across different functions and level in an organization.
- 25. Hello lieutenant,patroling ecxz speaking sir,I’m rite here at the crime scene Helo, officer,tell me, is there an emergency?
- 26. Diagonal communication occurs between officers who are at different levels of authority and who serve under different commands.
- 27. This type of communication is common in tactical situations which require the quick transfer of information or advice
- 28. Diagonal communication is usually verbal. It is a most direct and fastest method of communication.
- 29. Disadvantages It can destroy lines of authority and formal chains of command.
- 30. It can lead to conflicting orders and hence to further confusion