TYPES OF RESERVOIR
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The document discusses different types of reservoirs and their purposes. It describes storage/conservation reservoirs which retain excess water supplies during high flows for gradual release during low flows. Flood control reservoirs store flood waters to minimize downstream flood peaks. Multipurpose reservoirs serve multiple functions like water supply, flood control, power generation, and irrigation. Distribution reservoirs supply water to consumers according to demand fluctuations and provide local storage in emergencies.
TYPES OF RESERVOIR
- 1. EFFORTS BY : HITEN A. CHAUHAN CODE NO : 09cl004 TOPIC : TYPES OF RESERVOIR & IT‟S PURPOSE SAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING RESEARCH
- 2. “ A water supply scheme drawing water directly from a river or a stream may fail to satisfy the consumers demands during extremely low flows , while during high flows it may become difficult to carry out its operation due to devastating floods , a barrier in the form of dam is , therefore , constructed across the river, so as to form a pool of water on the upstream side of the dam is known as a reservoirs.”
- 3. Storage / conservation reservoir Flood control reservoir Multipurpose reservoir Distribution reservoir
- 5. “A storage or a conservation reservoir can retain such excess supplies during periods of peak flows,and can release them gradually during low flows as and when the need arises.”
- 6. City water supply Irrigationwater supply Hydroelectric project It may fail to satisfy the consumers demands during: 1). Extremely low flows 2). High flow It may become difficult to carry out their operations due to devastating floods.
- 7. CONTROLLING FLOOD REDUCE FLOOD DAMAGE BELOW THE RESERVOIR
- 8. “A flood control reservoir , generally called a flood-mitigation reservoir , stores a portions of the flood flows in such a way as to minimise the flood peaks at the areas to be protected downstream.”
- 9. The entire inflow entering the reservoir is discharged till the out flow reaches the safe capacity of the channel downstream. The inflow in excess of this rate is stored in the reservoir , which is then gradually released , so as to recover the storage capacity for the next flood. A flood control reservoir differs from a conservation reservoir only in its need for a large sluiceway capacity to permit rapid drawdown before or after a flood.
- 10. There are two basic types of flood mitigation reservoirs; (1). Storage reservoir; (2). Retarding reservoir.
- 11. Storage reservoir: „A reservoir having gates and valves installation at its spillway and at its sluice outlets is known as storage reservoir.‟ Retarding reservoir: „A reservoir with uncontrolled and ungated outlets is known as a retarding basin or retarding reservoirs.‟
- 13. “A reservoir planned and constructed to serve not only one purpose but various purpose together is called a multipurpose reservoir.”
- 14. A multipurpose reservoir is a man-made lake which is managed for multiple purposes. Multipurpose reservoirs may be managed to balance some or all of the following activities: Water supply Flood control Soil erosion Environmental management Hydroelectric power generation Navigation Recreation Irrigation
- 15. Bhakra Dam is a concrete gravity dam across the Sutlej River, and is near the border between Punjab and Himachal Pradesh in northern India
- 17. “A distribution reservoir connected with the conduits of a primary water supply; used to supply water to consumers according to fluctuations in demand over short time periods and serves for local storage in case of emergency.”
- 18. Such a reservoir can be filled by pumping water at a certain rate and can be used to supply water even at rate higher than inflow rate during period of maximum demands called critical periods of demand. Such reservoirs are,therefore, helpful in permitting the pumps or the water treatment plants to work at a uniform rate, and they store water during the hours of no demand or less demand, and supply water from their storage during the critical periods of maximum demand…