This document discusses the importance of understanding customer needs for starting a successful business. It defines market research as the process of gaining information about customers, competitors, and market trends through collecting primary and secondary data. There are two types of data - quantitative data that can be expressed numerically and qualitative data about opinions, attitudes, and judgments. Both primary research, which gathers new unpublished data, and secondary research, which uses existing data, can provide important customer insights to inform business decisions.