![Listing Directory Contents
List the contents of the current directory or a specified directory
Usage:
ls [options] [files_or_dirs]
Example:
ls -a (include hidden files)
ls -l (display extra information)
ls -R (recurse through directories)
ls -ld (directory and symlink information)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/unit3browsingthefilesystem-120309010700-phpapp02/85/Unit3-browsing-the-filesystem-10-320.jpg)
![Copying Files and Directories
cp copy files and directories
usage:
cp [options] file destination
More than one file may be copied at a time if the destination is
a directory
cp [options] file1 file2 dest](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/unit3browsingthefilesystem-120309010700-phpapp02/85/Unit3-browsing-the-filesystem-11-320.jpg)
![Moving and Renaming Files and Directories
mv move and/or rename files and directories
Usage:
mv [options] file destination
More than one file may be moved at a time if the destination is
a directory
mv [options] file1 file2 destination
Destination works like cp](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/unit3browsingthefilesystem-120309010700-phpapp02/85/Unit3-browsing-the-filesystem-13-320.jpg)
![Creating and Removing Files
touch - create empty files or update file timestamps
rm - remove files
Usage:
rm [options] <file>...
Example:
rm -i file (interactive)
rm -r directory (recursive)
rm -f file (force)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/unit3browsingthefilesystem-120309010700-phpapp02/85/Unit3-browsing-the-filesystem-14-320.jpg)
![Determining File Content
Files can contain many types of data
Check file type with file before opening to determine
appropriate command or application to use
Syntax
file [options] <filename>...](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/unit3browsingthefilesystem-120309010700-phpapp02/85/Unit3-browsing-the-filesystem-18-320.jpg)
Unit3 browsing the filesystem
- 1. RedHat Enterprise Linux Essential Unit 3: Browsing the Filesystem
- 2. Objectives Upon completion of this unit, you should be able to: Describe important elements of the filesystem hierarchy Copy, move, and remove files Create and view files Manage files with Nautilus
- 3. Linux File Hierarchy concepts Files and directories are organized into a single-rooted inverted tree structure Filesystem begins at the root directory, represented by a lone / (forward slash) character. Names are case-sensitive Paths are delimited by / Symbols: .. , .
- 4. Some Important Directories The home directories /root, /home/<username> The bin directories /bin, /usr/bin , /usr/local/bin /sbin, /usr/sbin, /usr/local/sbin Foreign filesystem mountpoints /media and /mnt
- 5. Other Important Directories /etc - system config files /tmp - Temporary files /boot - Kernel and bootloader /dev - Device /usr - Programs /lost+found /var and /srv -Server data /proc -system information The lib directories - libraries • /lib, /usr/lib, /usr/local/lib
- 6. Current Woking Directory Each shell and system process has a current working directory (cwd) pwd Display the absolute path to the current directory (the shell's cwd)
- 7. File and Directory Names Names may be up to 255 characters All characters are valid, except the "/" It may be unwise to use certain special characters in file or directory names Some characters should be included in quotation marks when referencing them Names are case-sensitive Example: MAIL, Mail, mail and mAIl Again, possible, but may not be wise
- 8. Absolute and Relative Pathnames Absolute pathnames Begin with a forward slash Complete "road map" to file location Can be used anytime you wish to specify a file name Relative pathnames Do not begin with a slash Specify location relative to your current working directory Can be used as a shorter way to specify a file name
- 9. Changing Directories cd changes directories To an absolute or relative path: • cd /home/joshua/work • cd project/docs To a directory one level up: • cd .. To your home directory: • cd To your previous working directory: • cd -
- 10. Listing Directory Contents List the contents of the current directory or a specified directory Usage: ls [options] [files_or_dirs] Example: ls -a (include hidden files) ls -l (display extra information) ls -R (recurse through directories) ls -ld (directory and symlink information)
- 11. Copying Files and Directories cp copy files and directories usage: cp [options] file destination More than one file may be copied at a time if the destination is a directory cp [options] file1 file2 dest
- 12. Copying Files and Directories: The Destination If the destination is a directory, the copy is placed there If the destination is a file, the copy overwrites the destination If the destination does not exist, the copy is renamed
- 13. Moving and Renaming Files and Directories mv move and/or rename files and directories Usage: mv [options] file destination More than one file may be moved at a time if the destination is a directory mv [options] file1 file2 destination Destination works like cp
- 14. Creating and Removing Files touch - create empty files or update file timestamps rm - remove files Usage: rm [options] <file>... Example: rm -i file (interactive) rm -r directory (recursive) rm -f file (force)
- 15. Creating and Removing Files mkdir creates directories rmdir removes empty directories rm -r recursively removes directory trees
- 16. Using Nautilus Gnome graphical filesystem browser Can run in spatial or browser mode Accessed via... Desktop icons • Home: Your home directory • Computer: Root filesystem, network resources and removable media Applications->System Tools->File Browser
- 17. Moving and Copying in Nautilus Drag-and-Drop Drag: Move on same filesystem, copy on different filesystem Drag + Ctrl: Always copy Drag + Alt: Ask whether to copy, move or create symbolic link (alias) Context menu Right-click to rename, cut, copy or paste
- 18. Determining File Content Files can contain many types of data Check file type with file before opening to determine appropriate command or application to use Syntax file [options] <filename>...