Variables in a science experiment
- 1. Understanding Variables in a Science Experiment Mary K. O’Grady-Jones Click this button to begin.
- 2. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 2 of 118 Stop Introduction How to use these buttons This button will move you forward. This button will move you back. This button will take you to the title screen Stop This button will allow you to exit the presentation This button will bring you back to this page if you need help with navigation If you are done with navigation help, this button can take you back to where you were.
- 3. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 3 of 118 Stop Introduction Welcome! Today you will be learning about variables and why they are important to a science experiment. In the past, you have modeled experiments that were already designed for you so you did not have to worry about variables. Those decisions were already made for you. As a 5th grader, you will get to design some of your own experiments this year. As a scientist, you will need to know more than just questions and hypothesis. You will need to know that there are three types of variables. You will also need to know where and when to use each one in a science experiment. Once you have mastered all these variables, you will learn how they impact each other. You will look at patterns and trends that will show up in the results of an experiment.
- 4. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 4 of 118 Stop Introduction Learning Goals When you finish this module, you will be able to: Define • Variable, • Manipulated variable • Independent variable • Control variable • Responding variable • Dependent variable Use the terms manipulated and independent interchangeably Use the terms responding and dependent interchangeably Identify the relationships, patterns and trends that emerge in a scientific investigation between variables Identify the three types of variables in a given scenario
- 5. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 5 of 118 Stop Introduction How to use the Navigation This button will move you forward. Try it!
- 6. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 6 of 118 Stop Introduction Good Job! How to use the Navigation Ok! Now let’s go back! Try it!
- 7. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 7 of 118 Stop Introduction How to use these buttons This button will move you forward. This button will move you back. This button will take you to the title screen Stop This button will allow you to exit the presentation This button will bring you back to this page if you need help with navigation .
- 8. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 8 of 118 Stop Introduction What to expect: The module is set up to provide information on each of the topics listed to the right. In each section you will have the opportunity to check your knowledge. On many screens you will see a box where you may type your answer. Click inside the box to type. The introduction button to the right will take you back to the welcome page. The other buttons will take you to the beginning of each section if you want to go back to review. When a section is complete, you will see a appear on that section. Throughout the unit, clues and key words are typed in red. This unit will take about 2o minutes to complete.
- 9. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 9 of 118 Practice pages will look like this. There will be either true or false questions or multiple choice questions. Response boxes look like this. To choose an answer click on the box. Practice pages do not have the navigation bar at the bottom of the page. You must answer the question- don’t worry it is just practice. You will get feedback and an opportunity to practice again. After you complete the unit, you will have an opportunity to test your new knowledge. Practice Pages Answer
- 10. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 10 of 118 Stop Introduction To be successful in this unit, you need to know the following things about a science experiment. 1. Scientists follow the Scientific Method. 2. A science experiment begins with a question the scientist wants to answer. 3. After some research, the scientist forms a hypothesis- what they think will happen in their experiment. 4. Scientists then follow procedures and collect data. So! Let’s begin!
- 11. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 11 of 118 Stop Introduction Question • What do you, the scientist, want to know? Research • Gather helpful information on the topic. Hypothesis • Make an educated guess about what might happen. Procedures • Plan the steps of the experiment. Collect Data • What did you measure and observe? Conclusions • Was your hypothesis correct? Let’s start by reviewing the Scientific Method. From the work we have already done this year, you should be familiar with • questions • research • Hypothesis We have also done experiments where we have followed procedures and collected data. So! What are variables and where do these variables fit in the scientific method? Scientific Method
- 12. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 12 of 118 Stop What is a Variable? In this section you will learn the definition of the word variable.
- 13. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 13 of 118 Stop IntroductionA variable is any factor that can be: Changed Controlled or Measured in an experiment. Question • What happens when ? Research • Gather more information about the topic. Hypothesis Procedures • Collect Data • Conclusions • Scientific Method
- 14. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 14 of 118 Stop Introduction Can you think of a mnemonic phrase to help you remember Changed, Controlled, or Measured? Got It! I need a little help.
- 15. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 15 of 118 Stop Introduction Great! What is your mnemonic phrase? Click inside the box to type your phrase. Are you ready to test your knowledge or do you want to see another example of a mnemonic phrase?
- 16. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 16 of 118 Stop Introduction Ok, how about this? Crazy Cars Move If you have thought of one of your own, use the back button to enter your idea. If you are ready to move on use the forward button.
- 17. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 17 of 118 True or False A variable is defined as a factor that can be changed, controlled or measured in a science experiment. Let’s Practice True False
- 18. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 18 of 118 Oops! A variable is a factor that can be changed, controlled or measured. To try again, click the back button.
- 19. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 19 of 118 Good Job! A variable is a factor that can be changed, controlled or measured in a science experiment.
- 20. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 20 of 118 Stop Manipulated/ Independent Variable Section I In this section you will define the terms manipulated and independent variable.
- 21. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 21 of 118 Stop Introduction The manipulated/ independent variable is the one condition the scientist changes during each trial in an experiment. If we look at the example to the right we notice that our manipulated /independent variable shows up in our question and our hypothesis. Question • Does listening to different kinds of music while studying affect test scores? Research • Gather helpful information on the topic. Hypothesis • Listening to music without lyrics while studying will improve test scores among 5th grade students. Procedures • Collect Data • Conclusions • Scientific Method
- 22. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 22 of 118 Stop Introduction Manipulated/ Independent Variable It might help to understand what it means to manipulate something. Manipulate means to manage or use. In the case of the music experiment, we would manage or use the different types of music to see if they had an effect on test scores. So how does independent come in? Independent means not needing or requiring any thing else. So the type of music just is. No other factors in the experiment can change the music- the scientist gets to do that.
- 23. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 23 of 118 Stop Introduction Q: What is the thing we are testing? What do we need to change to test our hypothesis? A: Different kinds of music. The scientist will change the type of music for each trial. Question • Does listening to different kinds of music while studying affect test scores? Research • Gather helpful information on the topic. Hypothesis • Listening to music without lyrics while studying will improve test scores among 5th grade students. Procedures • Collect Data • Conclusions • Scientific Method
- 24. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 24 of 118 Stop Introduction So how do manipulated and independent fit together? The manipulated variable is independent of all other variables. In our example of music and test scores, the music is independent, because the music will not be changed by the test scores or the student. It is manipulated by the scientist.
- 25. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 25 of 118 Stop Introduction What does the word manipulate mean? What does the word independent mean? How do manipulated and independent relate to each other in a science experiment? Remember, you can click inside the box to type your answer. You can go back to review or you can move forward.
- 26. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 26 of 118 Let’s Practice True or False There can be many manipulated/ independent variables in a science experiment.
- 27. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 27 of 118 Oops! There can only be one manipulated / independent variable in a science experiment. Go back and try again, click the back button.
- 28. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 28 of 118 Good Job! Now you know, there can be only one manipulated / independent variable in a science experiment.
- 29. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 29 of 118 Let’s Practice True or False The manipulated / independent variable is the one that the scientist chooses to change in each trial of an experiment. True False
- 30. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 30 of 118 Oops! The manipulated / independent variable is the one that the scientist chooses to change in each trial of an experiment. Go back and try again, Click the back button.
- 31. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 31 of 118 Good Job! Now you know, The manipulated / independent variable is the one that the scientist chooses to change in each trial of an experiment.
- 32. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 32 of 118 Stop Manipulated/ Independent Variable Section II In this section, you will learn how to identify the manipulated/ independent variable in a scenario.
- 33. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 33 of 118 Stop Introduction Manipulated/ Independent Variables A group of 5th grade students wants to know how different surfaces affect the speed of a rolling ball. They will change the type of surface. For example, they might use sand, gravel, grass, and concrete as the surfaces. The surfaces are independent of each other. Question • Do different surfaces affect the speed of a rolling ball? Research • Gather helpful information on the topic. Hypothesis • A ball will roll a longer distance on a smooth surface like cement because there is less friction than on sand, gravel and grass. Procedures • Collect Data • Conclusions • Scientific Method
- 34. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 34 of 118 Stop Introduction Wait!!! Gravel, sand, concrete and grass are 4 things!!! We are just supposed to change one thing!!!! 1 Category– 4 surfaces In this case the scientist can test which surface will have the most friction and which one will have the least. Test Surfaces Gravel Sand Concrete Grass Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3
- 35. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 35 of 118 Stop Introduction Manipulated/ Independent Variables A group of students wants to know how the amount of sunlight affects plant growth. They set up an experiment where they put 3 plants in direct sunlight, 3 plants in shade and 3 plants in a dark room. They are using different amounts of sunlight as their manipulated/ independent variable. Question • How does amount of sunlight affect plant growth? Research • Gather helpful information on the topic. Hypothesis • I predict that the plants that get the most sunlight will grow taller. Procedures • Collect Data • Conclusions • Scientific Method
- 36. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 36 of 118 Stop Introduction Manipulated/ Independent Variables A group of students are curious to know how heat affects dissolve rate of Alka-Seltzer. They decide to change the temperature of the water- hot, room temperature, and cold. What is the manipulated/ independent variable in this scenario? Remember, you can click inside the box to type your answer. Image by Madison C.
- 37. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 37 of 118 Stop Introduction Do you remember how many manipulated/ independent variables a science experiment should have? Are you ready to practice choosing the manipulated/ independent variable in a scenario? Click the forward button to practice, or the back button to review. Remember, you can click inside the box to type your answer.
- 38. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 38 of 118 Choose the manipulated/ independent variable in the following scenario. A group of students has the hypothesis that the more concentrated a salt solution, the faster it will evaporate. What is their manipulated/ independent variable? Click on the correct box. Let’s Practice! Amount of water Amount of salt Placement of the evaporation dish Size of the evaporation dish
- 39. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 39 of 118 Oops! Remember, the students want to know how salt concentration will affect evaporation. To try again, click the back button.
- 40. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 40 of 118 Good Job! Now you know can identify the manipulated/ independent in a science experiment.
- 41. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 41 of 118 Stop Manipulated / Independent Variable Section III In this section, you will learn that the words manipulated and independent can be used interchangeably.
- 42. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 42 of 118 Stop Introduction MIX As you may have guessed, Manipulated and Independent mean the same thing. They are both used to describe the variable that the scientist changes to see how it impacts other factors. The mnemonic MIX can help you to remember that Manipulated and Independent mean the same thing. Manipulated, Independent, (graphed on the) X-axis. X-axis Y-axis
- 43. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 43 of 118 Stop Introduction What does the mnemonic MIX help you to remember? Remember, you can click inside the box to type your answer.
- 44. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 44 of 118 Let’s Practice True or False A scientist wants to know how different colors absorb heat from sunlight. The scientist chooses 5 different colored cups as his manipulated variable. The 5 different colored cups can also be called the independent variable. True False
- 45. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 45 of 118 Oops! Remember the mnemonic MIX? Manipulated Independent X-axis To try again, click the back button.
- 46. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 46 of 118 Good Job! Now you know, the terms manipulated and independent mean the same thing in a science experiment and you can use the mnemonic MIX to help you remember!
- 47. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 47 of 118 Let’s Practice True or False A scientist designs an experiment to see if ladybugs are attracted to certain colors. The different colors the scientist chooses will be the independent variable. The colors can also be called the responding variable. True False
- 48. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 48 of 118 Oops! Remember the mnemonic MIX? Manipulated Independent X-axis To try again, click the back button.
- 49. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 49 of 118 Good Job! Now you know, the terms independent and manipulated mean the same thing in a science experiment and you can use the mnemonic MIX to help you remember!
- 50. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 50 of 118 Stop Control Variables Section I In this section, you will learn the definition of control variable.
- 51. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 51 of 118 Stop IntroductionControl Variables Control variables are the factors that the scientist holds constant or controls during an experiment. The scientist will set this up as part of the procedures. Holding these variables constant mean they don’t change from trial to trial. They have to be kept the same. Question • Does listening to different kinds of music while studying affect test scores? Research • Gather helpful information on the topic. Hypothesis • Listening to music without lyrics while studying will improve test scores among 5th grade students. Procedures • Keep time, subject, and place of studying and the test the same for each trial. Collect Data • Conclusions • Scientific Method
- 52. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 52 of 118 Stop Introduction What do the terms constant and control mean? Remember, you can click inside the box to type your answer.
- 53. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 53 of 118 Let’s Practice Choose the best answer. Control variables are the ones that a scientist _______ during an experiment. changes measures holds constant
- 54. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 54 of 118 Oops! Remember that holding something constant or controlling it means keeping it the same. To try again, click the back button.
- 55. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 55 of 118 Good Job! Now you know, that holding something constant or controlling it means keeping it the same.
- 56. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 56 of 118 Stop Control Variables Part II In this section you will learn how to choose the control variable in a scenario. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables
- 57. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 57 of 118 Stop IntroductionControl Variables If everything changes, what caused the change? In the example to the right, if both time and type of music were changed, the scientist would not know which one affected the test scores. More time studying might have an effect on test scores and music might have an effect on test scores. The scientist would not know which one. Question • Does listening to different kinds of music while studying affect test scores? Research • Gather helpful information on the topic. Hypothesis • Listening to music without lyrics while studying will improve test scores among 5th grade students. Procedures • Keep time, subject, and place of studying and the test the same for each trial. Collect Data • Conclusions • Scientific Method
- 58. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 58 of 118 Stop Introduction Control Variables A group of 5th grade students wants to know how surface friction affects the speed of a rolling ball. To be sure that surface is the only variable that changes, they need to keep size of the ball and force on the ball the same. Can you think of anything else that should be controlled? Question • Does surface friction affect the distance a ball will roll? Research • Gather helpful information on the topic. Hypothesis • The smoother the surface, the farther the ball will roll. Procedures • Keep size of ball and the force that pushes the ball the same for each trial. Collect Data • Conclusions • Scientific Method
- 59. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 59 of 118 Stop Introduction Control Variable A group of students wants to know how the amount of sunlight affects plant growth. To be sure that sunlight is the only variable that changes, they needs to keep the type of plant, type of soil, size of container, and amount of water the same. Notice that there is more than one control variable. •Type of plant •Type of soil •Size of Container •Amount of water
- 60. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 60 of 118 Stop Introduction Control Variable A group of students are curious know how heat affects the dissolve rate of Alka- Seltzer. To be sure that heat is the only variable that changes, they needs to keep the • amount of water, • size of Alka-Seltzer • tablet and action (stirring or no stirring) the same.
- 61. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 61 of 118 Stop Introduction Why should there be control variables in a science experiment? Remember, you can click inside the box to type your answer.
- 62. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 62 of 118 Let’s Practice True or False A group of students has the hypothesis that the more concentrated a salt solution, the faster it will evaporate. They should control the amount of water used, the type of evaporation dish, and the placement of the evaporation dish. True False
- 63. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 63 of 118 Oops! Remember, they are interested in the salt concentration, they have to keep amount of water, type of evaporation dish and the placement of the evaporation dish the same so that salt concentration is the only thing that changes. To try again click the back button.
- 64. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 64 of 118 Good Job! Now you know, how to identify control variables in a scenario!
- 65. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 65 of 118 Stop Responding/ Dependent Variable Section I In this section, you will learn the definition of responding/ dependent variable.
- 66. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 66 of 118 Stop IntroductionResponding / Dependent Variable The variable that is measured or observed as a result of an experiment is the responding/ dependent variable. This is the data the scientist collects or the observations a scientist records. In the scenario to the right, what is getting measured? Test scores Question • Does listening to different kinds of music while studying affect test scores? Research • Gather helpful information on the topic. Hypothesis • Listening to music without lyrics while studying will improve test scores among 5th grade students. Procedures • Keep time, subject, and place of studying and the test the same for each trial. Collect Data • Collect test scores from the 5th grade students. Conclusions • Scientific Method
- 67. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 67 of 118 Stop Introduction Responding / Dependent Variable It might help to think about what it means to respond to something. Respond means to react . In the case of the music experiment, the students would be reacting to different types of music, that is the music would affect their test scores. So how does dependent come in? Dependent means determined or conditioned by another. So the type of music determined the test score.
- 68. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 68 of 118 Stop Introduction What does the word responding mean? What does the word dependent mean? How do these terms relate to a science experiment? Remember, you can click inside the box to type your answer.
- 69. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 69 of 118 Let’s Practice True or False A responding/ dependent variable is the variable that is measured or observed as a result of an experiment. True False
- 70. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 70 of 118 Oops! The responding/ dependent variable is measured or observed as a result of an experiment. To try again? Click the back button.
- 71. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 71 of 118 Good Job! Now you know, the responding/ dependent variable is measured or observed as a result of an experiment.
- 72. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 72 of 118 Stop Responding/ Dependent Variable Section II In this section you will learn how to choose the responding/ dependent variable in a scenario.
- 73. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 73 of 118 Stop IntroductionResponding / Dependent Variable Remember, the manipulated/ independent variable comes at the beginning of the experiment and the responding/ dependent variable comes at the end. The dependent variable is responding to the manipulated variable. Question • Does listening to different kinds of music while studying affect test scores? Research • Gather helpful information on the topic. Hypothesis • Listening to music without lyrics while studying will improve test scores among 5th grade students. Procedures • Keep time, subject, and place of studying and the test the same for each trial. Collect Data • Collect test scores from the 5th grade students. Conclusions • Scientific Method
- 74. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 74 of 118 Stop IntroductionResponding / Dependent Variable Read the science experiment to the right. What gets measured? Plant growth. Question • Does amount of sunlight a plant gets affect plant growth? Research • Gather helpful information on the topic. Hypothesis • I predict, that the more sunlight a plant gets, the more it will grow. Procedures • Keep type of plant, size of container and amount of water the same. Collect Data • Measure plant growth every two days. Conclusions • Scientific Method http://www.wikihow.com/Measure-Growth-Rate-of-Plants
- 75. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 75 of 118 Stop Introduction Responding/ Dependent Variable A group of 5th grade students wants to know how surface texture affects the speed of a rolling ball. While keeping everything else the same (the control variables), They will change one thing (surface texture). What gets measured? The distance the ball travels over each surface.
- 76. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 76 of 118 Stop Introduction Responding/ Dependent Variable A group of students are curious to know how heat affects dissolve rate of Alka- Seltzer. While keeping everything else the same (the control variables), they will change one thing (temperature). What gets measured? The time it takes the Alka- Seltzer tablets to dissolves.
- 77. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 77 of 118 Stop Introduction What types of things get measured at the end of a science experiment. Remember, you can click inside the box to type your answer.
- 78. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 78 of 118 Choose the best answer. A group of students has the hypothesis that the more concentrated a salt solution, the faster it will evaporate. They set up 4 dishes with different water- to-salt solutions. They then set a timer to see how long each solution takes to evaporate. What is their responding/ dependent variable? Let’s Practice! amount of water amount of salt time it takes each dish to evaporate placement of the evaporation dish
- 79. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 79 of 118 Oops! While amount of water and salt will be measured, they are measured as a part of the procedures- what gets measured as a result of the experiment? To try again, click the back button.
- 80. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 80 of 118 Good Job! Now you know, how to identify the responding/ dependent variable in a science experiment scenario!
- 81. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 81 of 118 Stop Responding / Dependent Variable Section III In this section you will learn to use the terms responding and dependent interchangeably.
- 82. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 82 of 118 Stop Introduction DRY As you may have guessed, Dependent and Responding mean the same thing. They are both used to describe the variable that the scientist measures or observes at the end of an experiment. The mnemonic DRY can help you to remember that Dependent and Responding mean the same thing, and they are graphed on the Y-axis! Dependent, Responding, (graphed on the) Y-axis. X-axis Y-axis
- 83. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 83 of 118 Stop Introduction What does the mnemonic DRY help you to remember? Remember, you can click inside the box to type your answer.
- 84. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 84 of 118 Let’s Practice True or False A scientist wants to know how different colors absorb heat from sunlight. The scientist places different colored cups filled with water, and places them in the sunlight. For the dependent variable, the scientist measures temperature change in each cup over a period of time. The change in temperature can also be called the manipulated variable. True False
- 85. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 85 of 118 Oops! Remember the mnemonic phrase DRY Dependent Responding Y-axis To try again, click the back button.
- 86. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 86 of 118 Good Job! Now you know, that the dependent and responding variables are the same and you can use the mnemonic DRY to help you remember!
- 87. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 87 of 118 Let’s Practice True or False A scientist designs an experiment to see if ladybugs are attracted to certain colors. The ladybugs are placed in a container and then the scientist counts the number of ladybugs that move to each color as the responding variable. The counting of ladybugs can also be called the dependent variable.
- 88. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 88 of 118 Oops! Remember the mnemonic phrase DRY Dependent Responding Y-axis To try again, click the back button.
- 89. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 89 of 118 Good Job! Now you know, that the dependent and responding variables are the same and you can use the mnemonic DRY to help you remember!
- 90. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 90 of 118 Stop Relationships Among Variables In this section, you will learn to interpret cause and effect relationships among data, and to use trends to make predictions.
- 91. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 91 of 118 Stop Introduction Cause and Effect Relationships Among Variables There is a cause and effect relationship between variables. A change in the manipulated/independent variable will cause a change in the responding/dependent variable. For Example: Changing height of a ramp will cause a K'nex car to go faster or slower.
- 92. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 92 of 118 Stop Introduction Giving plants more fertilizer might cause what effect? Remember, you can click inside the box to type your answer.
- 93. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 93 of 118 Let’s Practice True or False According to the graphs, the Catawba River has less chemical pollutants and more organisms than Young’s Creek. This means that chemical pollution in Young’s Creek may have caused a reduction of organisms in that body of water. True False
- 94. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 94 of 118 Oops! In this case, it is likely that pollution caused a reduction in living organisms in the water. To try again click the back button.
- 95. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 95 of 118 Good Job! Now you know, how to identify cause and effect relationships in a science experiment!
- 96. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 96 of 118 Stop Introduction Patterns of Change Patterns of change (trends) can be used to make predictions. For Example: A decrease in seagrass over many years will likely lead to more coastal erosion http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2008/1206/html/figs/fig4_1.html
- 97. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 97 of 118 Stop Introduction Patterns of Change Can you predict what will happen if you try to ride a bicycle across a different surfaces.
- 98. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 98 of 118 As a K’nex carries an increased load, it will need an increase in the amount of force needed to make the car move. Looking at the graph what can you predict about the number of washers needed to move a car that is carrying 3 blocks? It will need _____ washers. Let’s Practice 6 32 30
- 99. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 99 of 118 Oops! Look at the numbers, they are increasing by six each time. To try again, click the back button.
- 100. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 100 of 118 Good Job! Now you know, how to use trends in data to help you make predictions.
- 101. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 101 of 118 Stop Practice This section will let you practice identifying all 3 types of variables in a scenario.
- 102. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 102 of 118 In order to discover which type of rock, igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic is most likely to be damaged by freezing, a group of students wants to design an experiment. They choose three similar size rocks, one from each group. They place each rock in a 12 ounce container filled with water. The containers were put in the freezer for 24 hours. The containers are removed from the freezer. Observations were made throughout the thawing process. In the end cracks in the rocks are counted and measured. What is the manipulated variable? Let’s Practice! time cracks in the rocks types of rocks water
- 103. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 103 of 118 Oops! What is the one thing the scientist changed? To try again, click the back button.
- 104. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 104 of 118 Good Job! The different types of rock represent the manipulated variable in this experiment.
- 105. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 105 of 118 In order to discover which type of rock, igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic is most likely to be damaged by freezing, a group of students wants to design an experiment. They choose three similar size rocks, one from each group. They place each rock in a 12 ounce container filled with water. The containers are put in the freezer for 24 hours. The containers are removed from the freezer. Observations were made throughout the thawing process. In the end cracks in the rocks are counted and measured. What are the controlled variables (there are two correct answers-choose one)? Let’s Practice! time cracks in the rocks types of rocks water
- 106. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 106 of 118 Oops! Remember the control variable is kept the same – what are two things that were kept the same? To try again, click the back button.
- 107. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 107 of 118 Good Job! The amount of time and water were kept the same for each type of rock!
- 108. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 108 of 118 In order to discover which type of rock, igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic is most likely to be damaged by freezing, a group of students wants to design an experiment. They choose three similar size rock, one from each group. They place each rock in a 12 oz container filled with water. The containers are put in the freezer for 24 hours. The containers are removed from the freezer. Observations were made throughout the thawing process. In the end cracks in the rocks are counted and measured. What is the responding variable? Let’s Practice! time cracks in the rocks types of rocks water
- 109. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 109 of 118 Oops! Remember the responding variable is measured at the end of the experiment? What is measured or observed in this scenario? To try again, click the back button.
- 110. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 110 of 118 Good Job! Yes! They counted and measured the cracks in each rock!
- 111. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 111 of 118 5th grade students are planning their end of the year party which will take place in the school’s garden area. It will be hot in June, so they want to know if different color cups will keep their drinks cooler. They design an experiment with 4 colors of solo cups. The cups are filled with 6 ounces of water and placed in the sunlight in the garden. The students measure the temperature in each cup in 20 minute intervals for 2 hours. What is the independent variable? Let’s Practice! time color of the cups temperature water
- 112. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 112 of 118 Oops! Remember that the independent variable the one thing the scientist changes. What are the scientists testing? To try again, click the back button.
- 113. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 113 of 118 Good Job! Yes! The color cups are being tested to see what happens!
- 114. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 114 of 118 5th grade students are planning their end of the year party which will take place in the school’s garden area. It will be hot in June, so they want to know if different color cups will keep their drinks cooler. They design an experiment with 4 colors of solo cups. The cups are filled with 6 ounces of water and placed in the sunlight in the garden. The students measure the temperature in each cup in 20 minute intervals for 2 hours. What are the control variables? (there are two again this time-choose 1) Let’s Practice! time color of the cups temperature water
- 115. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 115 of 118 Oops! Look again, the control has to stay the same. What is not changing? To try again, click the back button.
- 116. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 116 of 118 Good Job! Yes! The amount of water and the time sitting in the sun need to remain the same in order to be sure that cup color is the only thing that the scientist changes!
- 117. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 117 of 118 5th grade students are planning their end of the year party which will take place in the school’s garden area. It will be hot in June, so they want to know if different color cups will keep their drinks cooler. They design an experiment with 4 colors of solo cups. The cups are filled with 6 ounces of water and placed in the sunlight in the garden. The students measure the temperature in each cup in 20 minute intervals for 2 hours. What is the dependent variable? Let’s Practice! time color of the cups temperature water
- 118. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 118 of 118 Oops! While water and time get measured as part of the procedures, what gets measured as a result of the experiment? To try again? Click the back button.
- 119. Introduction Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 119 of 118 Good Job! Yes, temperature of the water in the cups will be what the scientists measure at the end of the experiment!
- 120. Variables Manipulated/ Independent Control Responding/ Dependent Relationships Among Variables Practice Slide 120 of 118 Stop Introduction Congratulations! You have reached the end of this unit. I hope you enjoyed it and learned a lot. Please use this link to take the test on variables. Variables Test