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Vlsm workbook instructors edition v2 0-solucionario

J
Jose Eduardo Osorio Marroquin

Here is a VLSM addressing scheme using the box method for the given network diagram and class C address 222.10.150.0: 222.10.150.0/26 222.10.150.64/27 222.10.150.96/28 222.10.150.112/29 222.10.150.120/30 222.10.150.124/30 0 255 111 128 63 64 192 191 32 31 95 96 159 223 224 160 123 127119 112 120 124 Boston LAN Address: 24 Hosts London LAN Address: 37

Engineering
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1010100 10001111100 1011100101011100 101100011101001 1011110100011010 00001010010110010 1001010101100111 1111010101000101 1101001101010011 001010010101010 1010101000110010 010101001011000 110101100011010 11010100001011 001010100110 1001010010 01.0 172.16.1.0 192.168.10.0 10.250.1.0 172.31.15.0 192.168.10.96 192.168.10.126 Version 1.0 VLSM Workbook Variable-Length Subnet Mask Version 2.0 Instructor’s Edition
IP Address Classes Class A 1 – 127 (Network 127 is reserved for loopback and internal testing) Leading bit pattern 0 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 Class B 128 – 191 Leading bit pattern 10 10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 Class C 192 – 223 Leading bit pattern 110 11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 Class D 224 – 239 (Reserved for multicast) Class E 240 – 255 (Reserved for experimental, used for research) Private Address Space Class A 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 Class B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 Class C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 Default Subnet Masks Class A 255.0.0.0 Class B 255.255.0.0 Class C 255.255.255.0 Network . Host . Host . Host Network . Network . Host . Host Network . Network . Network . Host Inside Cover This workbook assumes you already have a background in subnetting. If you don’t you may want to consider completing the IPAddressing and Subnetting Workbook. Produced by: Robb Jones jonesr@careertech.net and/or Robert.Jones@fcps.org Frederick County Career & Technology Center Cisco NetworkingAcademy Frederick County Public Schools Frederick, Maryland, USA Special Thanks to Melvin Baker and Jim Dorsch for taking the time to check this workbook for errors, and to everyone who has sent in suggestions to improve the series. Workbooks included in the series: IPAddressing and Subnetting Workbooks ACLs - Access Lists Workbooks VLSM Variable-Length Subnet Mask Workbooks Instructors (and anyone else for that matter) please do not post the Instructors version on public websites. When you do this you are giving everyone else worldwide the answers. Yes, students look for answers this way. It also discourages others; myself included, from posting high quality materials.
Classful vs. Classless Subnetting When you’re subnetting an IP address for a network you have two options: classful and classless. Classful subnetting is the simplest method. It tends to be the most wasteful because it uses more addresses than are necessary. In classful subnetting you use the same subnet mask for each subnet, and all the subnets have the same number of addresses in them. Classless addressing allows you to use different subnet masks and create subnets tailored to the number of users in each group. This technique is referred to as VLSM, Variable Length Subnet Masks. What is VLSM Variable Length Subnet Masks allow you a much tighter control over your addressing scheme. If you use a class C address with a default subnet mask you end up with one subnet containing 256 addresses. By using VLSM you can adjust the number of subnets and number of addresses depending on the specific needs of your network. The same rules apply to a class A or B addresses. VLSM is supported by the following protocols: RIP version 2, OSPF, EIGRP, Dual IS-IS, and BGP. You need to configure your router for Variable Length Subnet Masks by setting up one of these protocols. Then configure the subnet masks of the various interfaces in the IP address interface sub- command. Benefits of VLSM Allows efficient use of address space Allows the use of multiple subnet mask lengths Breaks up an address block into smaller custom blocks Allows for route summarization Provides more flexibility in network design Supports hierarchical enterprise networks This workbook explores three different methods to figure out sub-subnets: the box method, the circle method, and a VLSM chart. 1
Classful Subnetting Example When you’re subnetting an IP address for a network you have two options: classful and classless. Classful subnetting is the simplest method. It also tends to be the most wasteful because it uses more addresses than are necessary. In classful subnetting you use the same subnet mask for each subnet, and all the subnets have the same number of addresses in them. In this example you need five subnets, each one containing 30 hosts. The serial connections only require two address each so you are wasting 28 usable addresses in each of the serial subnet ranges. 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.96 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.160 192.168.1.192 192.168.1.224 192.168.1.31 192.168.1.63 192.168.1.95 192.168.1.127 192.168.1.159 192.168.1.191 192.168.1.223 192.168.1.255 to to to to to to to to /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts 8 Subnets Marketing 25 Hosts Records 12 Hosts Research 30 Hosts IP Address: 192.168.1.0 0 255 128 63 64 192 191 32 31 95 96 159 223 224 160 127 The Box Method for visualizing subnets /27 /27 /27 /27 /27 /27 /27 /27 2 Classful Subnet Ranges
Classless Subnetting Example Classless addressing allows you to use different subnet masks and create subnets tailored to the number of users in each subnetwork. There are fewer wasted IP addresses using smaller subnets. In this example you need at total of five subnets, two containing 30 hosts, one containing 12 hosts, and two serial connections that only require two usable addresses each. By adjusting the subnet masks you can cut your address usage by almost half in this example. This type of subnetting requires a network protocol which will support it such as: RIP version 2, EIGRP, OSPF, or BGP. Marketing 25 Hosts Records 12 Hosts Research 30 Hosts IP Address: 192.168.1.0 0 255 79 128 63 64 32 31 96 83 87 80 184 12795 88 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.80 192.168.1.84 192.168.1.88 192.168.1.96 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.31 192.168.1.63 192.168.1.79 192.168.1.82 192.168.1.87 192.168.1.95 192.168.1.127 192.168.1.255 to to to to to to to to /27 /27 /28 /30 /30 /29 /27 /25 3 The Box Method for visualizing subnets Classless Subnet Ranges
/24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 1 Subnet Start with a square. The whole square is a single subnet comprised of 256 addresses. Visualizing Subnets Using The Box Method The box method is a simple way to visualize the breakdown of subnets and addresses into smaller sizes. By shading or coloring in the boxes you can easily break up your subnets without overlapping your addresses. You adjust each subnet to the correct size needed. /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts 2 Subnets /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts 4 Subnets 4 Split the box in half and you get two subnets with 128 addresses. Divide the box into quarters and you get four subnets with 64 addresses.
5 /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts 8 Subnets Split each individual square and you get eight subnets with 32 addresses. /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 64 Subnets /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 32 Subnets /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts 16 Subnets Split the boxes in half again and you get sixteen subnets with sixteen addresses. The next split gives you thirty two subnets with eight addresses. The last split gives sixty four subnets with four addresses each.
Color in the squares used with different shades to highlight each subnet. VLSM Addressing Box Method (Sample) Problem 1 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This business will be using the class C address 220.10.10.0. Re- member to start with your largest groups first. Marketing Department 60 Hosts LAN Address: 220.10.10.0/26 Research Department 28 Hosts LAN Address: 220.10.10.64/27 0 255127 128 63 64 95 96 6
VLSM Addressing Box Method (Sample) Problem 2 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.16.0. Re- member to start with your largest groups first. Washington D.C. 120 Hosts Frederick 20 Hosts Baltimore 60 Hosts 0 255127 128 192 191 223 LAN Address: 192.168.16.0/25 LAN Address: 192.168.16.192/27 LAN Address: 192.168.16.128/26 WAN Address #1: 192.168.16.224/30 WAN Address #2: 192.168.16.228/30 227 239231 224 232 228 240 Color in the squares used with different shades to highlight each subnet. 7
8 VLSM Addressing Box Method Problem 3 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 190.10.10.0. Re- member to start with your largest groups first. Dallas 60 Hosts Ft. Worth 25 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: WAN Address #1: Color in the squares used with different shades to highlight each subnet. 0 255 128 63 64 95 96 190.10.10.0/26 190.10.10.96/30 190.10.10.64/27 99 103 111 127 104 100 112
VLSM Addressing Box Method Problem 4 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 220.108.38.0. Re- member to start with your largest groups first. Corpus Christi 25 Hosts Waco 50 Hosts Houston 120 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address:LAN Address: WAN Address #1: WAN Address #2: Color in the squares used with different shades to highlight each subnet. 9 0 12832 160 15 4739 175167135 1437 11 4335 171163131 1393 27 5951 187179147 15519 31 6355 191183151 15923 75 10799 235227195 20367 79 111103 239231199 20771 91 123115 251243211 21983 95 127119 255247215 22387 408 136 168 4 13236 1644412 140 172 16 14448 1765624 152 184 20 14852 1806028 156 188 64 19296 22410472 200 232 68 196100 22810876 204 236 80 208112 24012088 216 248 84 212116 24412492 220 252 220.108.38.224/30 220.108.38.128/26 220.108.38.228/30 220.108.38.192/27 220.108.38.0/25
10 VLSM Addressing Box Method Problem 5 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.10.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. New York 115 Hosts Fargo 23 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: WAN Address #2: Color in the squares used with different shades to highlight each subnet. San Jose 12 Hosts 48 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: WAN Address #1: 0 12832 160 15 4739 175167135 1437 11 4335 171163131 1393 27 5951 187179147 15519 31 6355 191183151 15923 75 10799 235227195 20367 79 111103 239231199 20771 91 123115 251243211 21983 95 127119 255247215 22387 408 136 168 4 13236 1644412 140 172 16 14448 1765624 152 184 20 14852 1806028 156 188 64 19296 22410472 200 232 68 196100 22810876 204 236 80 208112 24012088 216 248 84 212116 24412492 220 252 192.168.10.240/30 192.168.10.128/26 192.168.10.192/27 192.168.10.244/30 192.168.10.0/25 192.168.10.224/28
VLSM Addressing Box Method Problem 6 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 222.10.150.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Boston LAN Address: WAN Address #1: Draw the necessary lines and color in the used squares with different shades to highlight each subnet. 11 London WAN Address #2: 6 Hosts 12 Hosts LAN Address: 24 Hosts 37 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: 0 255 111 128 63 64 192 191 32 31 95 96 159 223 224 160 222.10.150.120/30 222.10.150.124/30 222.10.150.112/29 222.10.150.0/26 222.10.150.64/27 222.10.150.96/28 123 127119 112 120 124 Toyko
12 VLSM Addressing Box Method Problem 7 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and subnet mask in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 200.150.70.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Draw the necessary lines and color in the used squares with different shades to highlight each subnet. Boston 2 LAN Address: 6 Hosts 12 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: 14 Hosts LAN Address: 25 Hosts 0 255127 128 63 64 192 191 200.150.70.0/27 200.150.70.32/28 200.150.70.64/29 200.150.70.48/28 32 48 47 71 31 Serial Address: 200.150.70.72/30 72 75 Boston 1
VLSM Addressing Box Method Problem 8 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and subnet mask in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.24.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. LAN Address: Draw the necessary lines and color in the used squares with different shades to highlight each subnet. 13 London WAN Address #2: 18 Hosts LAN Address: 95 Hosts 12 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: 0 255 34 Hosts 192.168.24.244/30 192.168.24.224/28 192.168.24.0/25 192.168.24.192/27 192.168.24.128/26 127 128 191 192 223 224 239 243 240 WAN Address #1: 192.168.24.240/30 Paris New York 244 247
/24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 1 Subnet Start with a circle. The whole circle is a single subnet comprised of 256 addresses. Visualizing Subnets Using The Circle Method The circle method is another method used to visualize the breakdown of subnets and addresses into smaller sizes. By shading or coloring in the different sections of the circle you can easily break up your subnets without overlapping your addresses. You adjust each subnet to the correct size needed. /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts 2 Subnets /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts 4 Subnets Split the circle in half and you get two subnets with 128 addresses. Divide the circle into quarters and you get four subnets with 64 addresses. .0 .127.128 .255 .0 .127.128 .255 .63 .64.191 .192 14
/27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts 8 Subnets Split each quarter and you get eight subnets with 32 addresses. /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 64 Subnets /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 32 Subnets /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts 16 Subnets Split the boxes in half again and you get sixteen subnets with sixteen addresses. The next split gives you thirty two subnets with eight addresses. The last split gives sixty four subnets with four addresses each. .0 .127.128 .255 .63 .64.191 .192 .31 .32 .95 .96.159 .160 .223 .224 .0 .31 .15 .16 .64 .63 .48 .47 .32 .111 .96 .95 .80 .79 .112 .127 .176 .224 .223 .192 .208 .207 .191 .175 .159 .143 .160 .144 .128 .255 .239 .240 15 .0-.7 .24-.31 .8-.15 .16-.23 .64 - .71 .56 - .63 .48 - .55 .40 - .47.32- .39 .104-.111.96-.103.88-.95 .80 - .87 .72 - .79 .112-.119 .120-.127 .176-.183 .224-.231 .216-.223 .192-.199 .208-.215 .200-.207 .184-.191 .168.-175 .152-.159 .136-.143 .160-.167 .144-.151 .128-.135 .248-.255 .232-.239 .240-.247 .0-.3 .24-.27 .8-.11 .16-.19 .64 - .67 .56 - .59 .48 - .51 .40-.43 .32- .35 .104-.107 .96-.99 .88-.91 .80-.83 .72 - .75 .112-.115 .120-.123 .176-.179 .224-.227 .216-.219 .192-.195 .208-.211 .200-.203 .184-.187 .168.-171 .152-.155 .136-.139 .160-.163 .144-.147 .128-.131 .248-.251 .232-.235 .240-.243 .4-.7 .12-.15 .20-.23 .28-.31 .36- .39 .44 - .47 .52 - .55 .60 - .63 .68 - .71 .76 - .79 .84-.87 .92-.95 .100-.103 .108-.111 .116-.119 .124-.127 .132-.135 .140-.143 .148-.151.156-.159 .164-.167 .172.-175 .180-.183 .188-.191 .196-.199 .204-.207 .212-.215 .220-.223 .228-.231 .236-.239 .244-.247 .252-.255
16 Color in the necessary circle sections used with different shades to highlight each subnet. VLSM Addressing Circle Method (Sample) Problem 9 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This business will be using the class C address 220.10.10.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Marketing Department 60 Hosts LAN Address: 220.10.10.0/26 Research Department 28 Hosts LAN Address: 220.10.10.64/27 .0.255 .127.128 .96 .63 .95 .64
17 VLSM Addressing Circle Method (Sample) Problem 10 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.16.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Washington D.C. 120 Hosts Frederick 20 Hosts Baltimore 60 Hosts LAN Address: 192.168.16.0/25 LAN Address: 192.168.16.192/27 LAN Address: 192.168.16.128/26 WAN Address #1: 192.168.16.224/30 WAN Address #2: 192.168.16.228/30 Color in the necessary circle sections used with different shades to highlight each subnet. .255 .240 .232-.239 .0 .127 .191 .128 .223 .192 .224-.227 .228-.231
18 Color in the necessary circle sections used with different shades to highlight each subnet. VLSM Addressing Circle Method Problem 11 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This business will be using the class C address 200.20.20.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Marketing Department 50 Hosts LAN Address: Department 25 Hosts LAN Address: Marketing Department 100 Hosts LAN Address: .0 .224 .255 .127 .191 .128 .223 .192 200.20.20.0/25 200.20.20.128/26 200.20.20.192/27
19 VLSM Addressing Circle Method Problem 12 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This company will be using the class C address 199.55.70.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Color in the necessary circle sections used with different shades to highlight each subnet. LAN Address: New York 21 Hosts LAN Address: 115 Hosts 8 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: 12 Hosts WAN Address #1: Boston .0-.3 .24-.27 .8-.11 .16-.19 .64 - .67 .56 - .59 .48 - .51 .40-.43.32 - .35 .104-.107.96-.99 .88-.91 .80 - .83 .72 - .75 .112-.115 .120-.123 .176-.179 .224-.227 .216-.219 .192-.195 .208-.211 .200-.203 .184-.187 .168.-171 .152-.155 .136-.139 .160-.163 .144-.147 .128-.131.248-.251 .232-.235 .240-.243 .4-.7 .12-.15 .20-.23 .28-.31 .36- .39 .44 - .47 .52 - .55 .60 - .63 .68 - .71 .76 - .79 .84-.87 .92-.95 .100-.103 .108-.111 .116-.119 .124-.127 .132-.135 .140-.143 .148-.151.156-.159 .164-.167 .172.-175 .180-.183 .188-.191 .196-.199 .204-.207 .212-.215 .220-.223 .228-.231 .236-.239 .244-.247 .252-.255 199.55.70.160/28 199.55.70.192/30 199.55.70.128/27 199.55.70.0/25 199.55.70.176/28
20 VLSM Addressing Circle Method Problem 13 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This company will be using the class C address 200.150.70.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. New Delhi LAN Address: 22 Hosts 5 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: 7 Hosts LAN Address: 35 Hosts Serial Address: Mumbai 12Hosts LAN Address: .0-.3 .24-.27 .8-.11 .16-.19 .64 - .67 .56 - .59 .48 - .51 .40-.43.32 - .35 .104-.107.96-.99 .88-.91 .80 - .83 .72 - .75 .112-.115 .120-.123 .176-.179 .224-.227 .216-.219 .192-.195 .208-.211 .200-.203 .184-.187 .168.-171 .152-.155 .136 .160-.163 .144-.147 .128-.131.248-.251 .232-.235 .240-.243 .4-.7 .12-.15 .20-.23 .28-.31 .36- .39 .44 - .47 .52 - .55 .60 - .63 .68 - .71 .76 - .79 .84-.87 .92-.95 .100-.103 .108-.111 .116-.119 .124-.127 .132-.135 .140-.143 .148-.151.156-.159 .164-.167 .172.-175 .180-.183 .188-.191 .196-.199 .204-.207 .212-.215 .220-.223 .228-.231 .236-.239 .244-.247 .252-.255 200.150.70.136/30 200.150.70.0/26 200.150.70.112/28 200.150.70.96/28 200.150.70.64/27 200.150.70.128/29 .136-.139 Color in the necessary circle sections used with different shades to highlight each subnet.
21 VLSM Addressing Circle Method Problem 14 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This company will be using the class C address 210.10.10.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. LAN Address: Hong Kong WAN Address #2: 18 Hosts LAN Address: 95 Hosts 12 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: 27 Hosts WAN Address #1: Shanghai Beijing 18 Hosts Draw the necessary lines and color in the used circle sections with different shades to highlight each subnet. 210.10.10.192/27 210.10.10.240/30 210.10.10.244/30 210.10.10.128/26 210.10.10.0/25 210.10.10.224/28 .0 .127 .191 .128 .223 .192 .224 .239 .240-.243 .244-.247
22 VLSM Addressing Circle Method Problem 15 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the circle. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.150.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Vienna 15 Hosts Frankfurt 30 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: WAN Address #2: Prague 12 Hosts 48 Hosts LAN Address: WAN Address #1: Draw the necessary lines and color in the used circle sections with different shades to highlight each subnet. Venice 23 Hosts 48 Hosts LAN Address: 192.168.150.240/30 192.168.150.224/28 WAN Address #3: 192.168.150.248/30 192.168.150.0/25 192.168.150.192/27 192.168.150.244/30 192.168.150.128/28 LAN Address: 192.168.150.160/28 .0 .127 .191 .128 .223 .192 .224 .239 .240-.243 .244-.247 .248-.251 .159 .160
23 VLSM Addressing Circle Method Problem 16 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the circle. This company will be using the class C address 195.75.23.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. San Juan LAN Address: WAN Address #1: Draw the necessary lines and color in the used circle sections with different shades to highlight each subnet. Kingston WAN Address #2: 6 Hosts 12 Hosts LAN Address: 24 Hosts 37 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: Guatemala City San Jose 12 Hosts LAN Address: 13 Hosts 195.75.23.152/30 195.75.23.156/30 195.75.23.144/29 195.75.23.96/27 195.75.23.0/26 195.75.23.128/28 195.75.23.64/27 .0.255 .63 .95 .64 .127 .96 .144-.151.152-.155 .160-.163 .156-.159 .143 .128 WAN Address #3 195.75.23.160/30
Visualizing Subnets Using a VLSM Chart The VLSM chart is the third method used to visualize the breakdown of subnets and addresses into smaller sizes. By shading or coloring in the boxes you can easily break up your subnets without overlapping your addresses. You can adjust each sub-subnet to the correct size needed. 24 Marketing Department 60 Hosts LAN Address: 220.10.10.0/26 Research Department 28 Hosts LAN Address: 220.10.10.64/27 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method (Sample) Problem 17 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This business will be using the class C address 220.10.10.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first.
0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 25 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
26 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method (Sample) Problem 18 Using the network diagram and information given create an address- ing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.16.0. Re- member to start with your largest groups first. Washington D.C. 120 Hosts Frederick 20 Hosts Baltimore 60 Hosts LAN Address: 192.168.16.0/25 LAN Address: 192.168.16.192/27 LAN Address: 192.168.16.128/26 WAN Address #1: 192.168.16.224/30 WAN Address #2: 192.168.16.228/30
27 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
28 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method Problem 19 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 199.55.78.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. LAN Address: Site 2 50 Hosts 199.55.78.128/26LAN Address: Site 1 30 Hosts 199.55.78.192/27 WAN Address #1: 199.55.78.240/30 LAN Address: Site 4 100 Hosts 199.55.78.0/25 Site 3 10 Hosts LAN Address: 199.55.78.224/28
29 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
30 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method Problem 20 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 223.150.50.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. WAN Address #2: WAN Address #1: 223.150.50.176/30 223.150.50.180/30 LAN Address: Bedford 12 Hosts 223.150.50.160/28 Richland Hills 10 Hosts LAN Address: 223.150.50.128/27 LAN Address: 223.150.50.0/26 Hurst 60 Hosts Euless 50 Hosts LAN Address: 223.150.50.64/26 Arlington 15 Hosts
31 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
32 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method Problem 21 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 222.22.2.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. 23 Hosts 15 Hosts 17 Hosts 40 Hosts 35 Hosts 18 Hosts LAN Address: 222.22.2.0/26 12 Hosts 222.22.2.208/30 LAN Address: 222.22.2.128/26 WAN Address #2: 222.22.2.212/30 WAN Address #1: 222.22.2.192/28 WAN Address #1: 222.22.2.64/26 WAN Address #1:
33 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
34 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method Problem 22 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 200.20.2.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. LAN Address: LAN Address: LAN Address: WAN Address #3: Router A Hagerstown 25 Hosts Router B Router C Router D Frederick Site A 45 Hosts Middletown 10 Hosts WAN Address #1: WAN Address #2: Frederick Site B 23 Hosts Boonsburo 35 Hosts LAN Address: 200.20.2.0/25 200.20.2.128/26 200.20.2.192/27 200.20.2.224/28 200.20.2.240/30 200.20.2.244/30 200.20.2.248/30
35 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
36 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method Problem 23 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 190.150.23.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. LAN Address: Boston 25 Hosts 190.150.23.0/25 New York 22 Hosts Virgina 34 Hosts West Virginia 11 Hosts Utah 36 Hosts Maryland 25 Hosts WAN Address #1: 190.150.23.224/30 Texas 10 Hosts WAN Address #2: 190.150.23.228/30 LAN Address: 190.150.23.128/26 WAN Address #3: 190.150.23.232/30 LAN Address: 190.150.23.192/28 LAN Address: 190.150.23.208/28
37 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
38 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method Problem 24 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.1.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. 27 Hosts 12 Hosts LAN Address: 192.168.1.96/28 LAN Address: 192.168.1.80/28 LAN Address: 192.168.1.64/28 WAN Address #1: 192.168.1.112/30 WAN Address #2: 192.168.1.116/30 WAN Address #3: 192.168.1.120/30 LAN Address: 192.168.1.32/27 8 Hosts5 Hosts 8 Hosts 6 Hosts 18 Hosts WAN Address #4: 192.168.1.124/30 LAN Address: 192.168.1.0/27
39 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
40
Practical VLSM Problems Use the VLSM method of your choice to complete the folowing problems. .0-.3 .24-.27 .8-.11 .16-.19 .64 - .67 .56 - .59 .48 - .51 .40-.43 .32- .35 .104-.107 .96-.99 .88-.91 .80-.83 .72 - .75.112-.115 .120-.123 .176-.179 .224-.227 .216-.219 .192-.195 .208-.211 .200-.203 .184-.187 .168.-171 .152-.155 .136-.139 .160-.163 .144-.147 .128-.131 .248-.251 .232-.235 .240-.243 .4-.7 .12-.15 .20-.23 .28-.31 .36- .39 .44 - .47 .52 - .55 .60 - .63 .68 - .71 .76 - .79 .84-.87 .92-.95 .100-.103 .108-.111 .116-.119 .124-.127 .132-.135 .140-.143 .148-.151.156-.159 .164-.167 .172.-175 .180-.183 .188-.191 .196-.199 .204-.207 .212-.215 .220-.223 .228-.231 .236-.239 .244-.247 .252-.255
VLSMAddressing (Sample) Problem25 YouaredevelopingaschoolnetworkwiththeclassCaddress192.168.2.0/24.Therewillbethree computerlabswith30computerseachthatneedtobeondifferentsub-subnets.Fortyeightclassroomswith onecomputereachthatwillcompriseasinglesub-subnet.Theadministrativeofficeandguidanceoffice containatotalofsevencomputerswhichwillneedtobegroupedtogether.Planforfourmoreminilabswith sixcomputerstoeachsub-subnetwork.Dividethenetworkusingvariablelengthsubnetmasks.Complete theinformationrequiredbelow.Remembertoworkfromlargesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 192.168.2.0 192.168.2.64 192.168.2.96 192.168.2.128 192.168.2.160 192.168.2.176 192.168.2.184 192.168.2.192 192.168.2.200 Subnet Mask(/X) /26 /27 /27 /27 /28 /29 /29 /29 /29 FirstUsable Host 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.65 192.168.2.97 192.168.2.129 192.168.2.161 192.168.2.177 192.168.2.185 192.168.2.193 192.168.2.201 LastUsable Host 192.168.2.62 192.168.2.94 192.168.2.126 192.168.2.158 192.168.2.174 192.168.2.182 192.168.2.190 192.168.2.198 192.168.2.206 Broadcast Address 192.168.2.63 192.168.2.95 192.168.2.127 192.168.2.159 192.168.2.175 192.168.2.183 192.168.2.191 192.168.2.199 192.168.2.207 42
43 VLSMAddressing (Sample) Problem26 YouaresettingupasmallbusinessnetworkwiththeclassCaddress220.55.80.0/24.Themarketing divisionwillneed12computers.Researchanddevelopmentneeds27computers.Thereceptionareawill needtwocomputers.Managementrequires19computers.Dividethenetworkusingvariablelengthsubnet masks.Completetheinformationrequiredbelow.Remembertoworkfromlargesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 220.55.80.0 220.55.80.32 220.55.80.64 220.55.80.80 Subnet Mask(/X) /27 /27 /28 /30 FirstUsable Host 220.55.80.1 220.55.80. 220.55.80.65 220.55.80.81 LastUsable Host 220.55.80.30 220.55.80.62 220.55.80.78 220.55.80.82 Broadcast Address 220.55.80.31 220.55.80.63 220.55.80.79 220.55.80.83
44 VLSMAddressing Problem27 YouaresettingupamediumsizednetworkwiththeclassCaddress222.37.34.0/24.Marketingneeds 29computers.Researchanddevelopmentneeds110computers.Bookkeepingwilluse12computers. Thereceptionareawillneedthreecomputers.Managementrequires60computers.Dividethenetwork usingvariablelengthsubnetmasks.Completetheinformationrequiredbelow.Remembertoworkfrom largesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 222.37.34.0 222.37.34.128 222.37.34.192 222.37.34.224 222.37.34.240 Subnet Mask(/X) /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 FirstUsable Host 222.37.34.1 222.37.34.129 222.37.34.193 222.37.34.225 222.37.34.241 LastUsable Host 222.37.34.126 222.37.34.190 222.37.34.222 222.37.34.238 222.37.34.246 Broadcast Address 222.37.34.127 222.37.34.191 222.37.34.223 222.37.34.239 222.37.34.247
45 VLSMAddressing Problem28 Ashippingcompanyneedstosetupitsnetworkacrossseverallocations.TheDenverofficeneedssix computers.TheWacoofficeneeds22computers.TheFargoofficewillneedfivecomputers.TheWAN linksbetweenallthreelocationsneedtobeincludedinthesolution.UsingtheIPaddress192.168.10.0/24 dividethenetworkusingVLSM.Completetheinformationrequiredbelow.Remembertoworkfromlargest tosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 192.168.10.0 192.168.10.32 192.168.10.40 192.168.10.48 192.168.10.52 Subnet Mask(/X) /27 /29 /29 /30 /30 FirstUsable Host 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.33 192.168.10.41 192.168.10.49 192.168.10.53 LastUsable Host 192.168.10.30 192.168.10.38 192.168.10.46 192.168.10.50 192.168.10.54 Broadcast Address 192.168.10.31 192.168.10.39 192.168.10.47 192.168.10.51 192.168.10.55
46 VLSMAddressing Problem29 Anewschoolisbeingbuiltinthelocalschooldistrict.Itwillhavethreecomputerlabswith28 computerseach.Therewillbe58classroomswith2computerseachthatneedtobeononesub-subnet. Theofficestaffandadministratorswillneed7computers.Theguidanceandattendanceofficewillhave5 computers.Theschoolhasbeengiventheaddress223.145.75.0/24.Completetheinformationrequired below.Remembertoworkfromlargesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 223.145.75.0 223.145.75.128 223.145.75.160 223.145.75.192 223.145.75.224 223.145.75.240 223.145.75.248 Subnet Mask(/X) /25 /27 /27 /27 /28 /29 /29 FirstUsable Host 223.145.75.1 223.145.75.129 223.145.75.161 223.145.75.193 223.145.75.225 223.145.75.241 223.145.75.249 LastUsable Host 223.145.75.126 223.145.75.158 223.145.75.190 223.145.75.222 223.145.75.238 223.145.75.246 223.145.75.254 Broadcast Address 223.145.75.127 223.145.75.159 223.145.75.191 223.145.75.223 223.145.75.239 223.145.75.247 223.145.75.255
47 VLSMAddressing Problem30 Alocalcollegeissettingupacampuswidenetwork.Thetechnologywingwillbeonitsownnetwork addressof192.168.250.0/24.Theofficewingwillinclude15computers.Thereare2labsof20computers each,2labsof30computerseachandonelabof35computers.Completetheinformationrequiredbelow. Remembertoworkfromlargesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 192.168.250.0 92.168.250.64 92.168.250.96 92.168.250.128 92.168.250.160 92.168.250.192 Subnet Mask(/X) /26 /27 /27 /27 /27 /27 FirstUsable Host 92.168.250.1 92.168.250.65 92.168.250.97 92.168.250.129 92.168.250.161 92.168.250.193 LastUsable Host 92.168.250.62 92.168.250.94 92.168.250.126 92.168.250.158 92.168.250.190 92.168.250.222 Broadcast Address 92.168.250.63 92.168.250.95 92.168.250.127 92.168.250.159 92.168.250.191 92.168.250.223
48 VLSMAddressing Problem31 Youaresettingupanetworkforacompanyinfourlocations.LocationAhas8computers.LocationB has122computers.LocationChas4computers.LocationDhas55computers.ThereisaWANconnec- tionbetweenallfourlocations.CompletetheinformationrequiredbelowusingtheclassCaddress 192.168.10.0.Remembertoworkfromlargesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 192.168.10.0 192.168.10.128 192.168.10.192 192.168.10.208 192.168.10.216 192.168.10.220 192.168.10.224 Subnet Mask(/X) /25 /26 /28 /29 /30 /30 /30 FirstUsable Host 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.129 192.168.10.193 192.168.10.209 192.168.10.217 192.168.10.221 192.168.10.225 LastUsable Host 192.168.10.126 192.168.10.190 192.168.10.206 192.168.10.214 192.168.10.218 192.168.10.222 192.168.10.226 Broadcast Address 192.168.10.127 192.168.10.191 192.168.10.207 192.168.10.215 192.168.10.219 192.168.10.223 192.168.10.227
49 VLSMAddressing Problem32 Acollegedormitoryisbeingremolded.Anewnetworkisbeinginstalled.Thereare50dormrooms withtwodropseachthatwillbeononesub-subnet.Theofficeswillhave5drops.Thereceptiondeskwill havethreedrops.Asmallstudyhallwillinclude30drops.UsingtheIPaddress192.168.12.0/24complete theinformationrequiredbelowusingVLSM.Workfromlargesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 192.168.12.0 192.168.12.128 192.168.12.160 192.168.12.168 Subnet Mask(/X) /25 /27 /29 /29 FirstUsable Host 192.168.12.1 192.168.12.129 192.168.12.161 192.168.12.169 LastUsable Host 192.168.12.126 192.168.12.158 192.168.12.166 192.168.12.174 Broadcast Address 192.168.12.127 192.168.12.159 192.168.12.167 192.168.12.175
50 VLSMAddressing Problem33 YouaresettingupabusinessnetworkwiththeclassCaddress219.75.160.0/24.Themarketing divisionwillneed19computers.Researchanddevelopmentneeds40computers.Thereceptionareawill needfourcomputers.Managementrequires12computers.Dividethenetworkusingvariablelengthsubnet information.Ontheoppositepagedrawadetailedmapofthisnetwork.Includethenameandsub-subnetIP addressesforeachbranchofthenetworkwiththesubnetmask.Onerouterwithfourethernetportswillbe usedforthisnetwork. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 219.75.160.0 219.75.160.64 219.75.160.96 219.75.160.112 Subnet Mask(/X) /26 /27 /28 /29 FirstUsable Host 219.75.160.1 219.75.160.65 219.75.160.97 219.75.160.113 LastUsable Host 219.75.160.62 219.75.160.94 219.75.160.110 219.75.160.118 Broadcast Address 219.75.160.63 219.75.160.95 219.75.160.111 219.75.160.119
51 Problem33-DetailedMap Drawadetailedmapofthisnetwork.Includethenameandsub-subnetIPaddressesinformationforeach branchofthenetwork,andthesubnetmask. Research&Development 40Computers 219.75.160to.63 255.255.255.192 Marketing 19Computers 219.75.160.64to.95 255.255.255.224 Reception 4Computers 219.75.160.112to.119 255.255.255.248 Management 12Computers 219.75.160.96to.111 255.255.255.240
52 VLSMAddressing Problem34 Asmallcompanyneedstosetupitsnetworkacrossseverallocations.TheNewYorkbranchoffice needs15computers.TheSanJoseofficeneeds66computers.TheTrinidadofficewillneed18 computers.YouwillneedtwoWANlinksbetweentherouters.UsingtheIPaddress195.20.5.0/24dividethe networkusingVLSM.Ontheoppositepagedrawadetailedmapofthisnetwork.Includethenameandsub- subnetIPaddressesinformationforeachbranchofthenetwork.LabeltheWANlinkswiththesameinforma- tion.Completetheinformationrequiredbelow.Workfromlargesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 195.20.5.0 195.20.5.128 195.20.5.160 195.20.5.192 195.20.5.196 Subnet Mask(/X) /25 /27 /27 /30 /30 FirstUsable Host 195.20.5.1 195.20.5.129 195.20.5.161 195.20.5.193 195.20.5.197 LastUsable Host 195.20.5.126 195.20.5.158 195.20.5.190 195.20.5.194 195.20.5.198 Broadcast Address 195.20.5.127 195.20.5.159 195.20.5.191 195.20.5.195 195.20.5.199
Problem34-DetailedMap Drawadetailedmapofthisnetwork.Includethenameandsub-subnetIPaddressesinformationforeach branchofthenetwork. 66Computers 195.20.5.0to.127 255.255.255.128 Reception 4Computers 195.20.5.160to.191 255.255.255.224 Management 12Computers 195.20.5.128to.159 255.255.255.224 NewYorkTrinidadSanJose 195.20.5.192to.195 255.255.255.252 195.20.5.196to.199 255.255.255.252 53
54
Class A and B VLSM Problems Class AAddresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet) 10 . 0 . 0 . 0
VLSM with Class A and B Addresses We’ve gone over the practical applications of using VLSM on class C addresses. The same approach works with class A and B addresses. For example an ISP may have a class A address which it needs to subnet between its customers. Each customer may need to take their addresses and subnet them again in order to use them more effectively. The real trick to this is to remember which octet of the IP address you are working with. Sample Problem 35 Part 1 of 3 Use the Class A address chart to break down the address for different ISP customers. At this stage of the problem you are creating subnets using the second octet of the IP address. ISP Addresses 15.0.0.0 56 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) Customer #1 Customer #2 Customer #3 Customer #4 Customer #5 Customer #6 Customer #7 Customer #8 Customer #9 8 million 2 million 2,000,000 1,000,000 500,000 450,000 200,000 130,000 100,000 15.0.0.0 to 15.127.255.255 15.128.0.0 to 15.159.255.255 15.160.0.0 to 15.191.255.255 15.192.0.0 to 15.207.255.255 15.208.0.0 to 15.215.255.255 15.216.0.0 to 15.223.255.255 15.224.0.0 to 15.227.255.255 15.228.0.0 to 15.229.255.255 15.230.0.0 to 15.231.255.255 /9 /11 /11 /12 /13 /13 /14 /15 /15 CIDR
57 Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) 0-127 128-255 /14 255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts /13 255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts /12 255.240.0.0 1,048,576 Hosts /11 255.224.0.0 2,097,152 Hosts /10 255.192.0.0 4,194,304 Hosts /9 255.128.0.0 8,388.608 Hosts /8 255.0.0.0 16,777,216 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /15 255.254.0.0 131,072 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255
VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Sample Problem 35 Part 2 of 3 Customer #5 has a total of 524,288 addresses. Use the Class B address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for their different clients. At this stage of the problem you are creating sub-subnets with the third octet of the IP address. ISP Addresses 15.208.0.0 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) Client #1 Client #2 Client #3 Client #4 Client #5 Client #6 Client #7 Client #8 Client #9 7,500 5,000 4,500 2,000 1,450 1,150 900 750 450 15.208.0.0 to 15.208.31.255 15.208.32.0 to 15.208.63.255 15.208.64.0 to 15.208.95.255 15.208.96.0 to 15.208.103.255 15.208.104.0 to 15.208.111.255 15.208.112.0 to 15.208.119.255 15.208.120.0 to 15.208.123.255 15.208.124.0 to 15.208.127.255 15.208.128.0 to 15.208.129.255 /19 /19 /19 /21 /21 /21 /22 /22 /23 CIDR 58
0-127 128-255 Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) /22 255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts /21 255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts /20 255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts /19 255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts /18 255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts /17 255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts /16 255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /23 255.255.254.0 512 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255 59
VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Sample Problem 35 Part 3 of 3 Client #8 has a total of 1,024 addresses. Use the Class C address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for their different branch offices. At this stage of the problem you are creating sub-subnets with the fourth octet of the IP address. ISP Addresses 15.208.124.0 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) Branch #1 Branch #2 Branch #3 Branch #4 Branch #5 Branch #6 Branch #7 Branch #8 Branch #9 100 55 25 6 4 2 2 2 2 15.208.124.0 to 15.208.124.127 15.208.124.128 to 15.208.124.191 15.208.124.192 to 15.208.124.223 15.208.124.224 to 15.208.124.231 15.208.124.232 to 15.208.124.239 15.208.124.240 to 15.208.124.243 15.208.124.244 to 15.208.124.247 15.208.124.248 to 15.208.124.251 15.208.124.252 to 15.208.124.255 /25 /26 /27 /29 /29 /30 /30 /30 /30 CIDR 60
0-127 128-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet) 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 61
VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Problem 36 Part 1 of 3 The school system you are working for is using the private address of 172.32.0.0 to subnet the entire district. Use the Class B address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different schools and offices. At this stage of the problem you are creating sub-subnets with the third octet of the IP address. Remember which octet of the IP address you are working in. School System Address 172.32.0.0 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) North High South High North Middle South Middle Central Elem. Southern Elem. Eastern Elem. Central Office Western Elem. 2,400 2,000 1,200 1,000 550 475 450 400 300 172.32.0.0 to 172.32.15.255 172.32.16.0 to 172.32.23.255 172.32.24.0 to 172.32.31.255 172.32.32.0 to 172.32.35.255 172.32.36.0 to 172.32.39.255 172.32.40.0 to 172.32.41.255 172.32.42.0 to 172.32.43.255 172.32.44.0 to 172.32.45.255 172.32.46.0 to 172.32.47.255 /20 /21 /21 /22 /22 /23 /23 /23 /23 CIDR 62
0-127 128-255 Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) /22 255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts /21 255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts /20 255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts /19 255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts /18 255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts /17 255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts /16 255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /23 255.255.254.0 512 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255 63
VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Problem 36 Part 2 of 3 Eastern Elementary has been given 512 hosts, with the address range of 172.32.42.0 / 21 (255.255.248.0). Based on the information below supply the required address ranges and subnet masks for each school area. Use the Class C address chart to break down the sub-subnetworks. Hint: Another way to look at this problem is to see that with the third octet range of 42 to 43 you have access to 2 groups of 255 addresses (172.32.42.0 and 172.32.43.0). Think in terms of having two Class C VLSM charts. Eastern Elementary School Address Range 172.32.42.0 to 172.32.43.255 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) 250 45 40 25 12 /24 /26 /26 /27 /28 CIDR Students Printers Staff NetworkDevices Administrative 172.32.42.0 to 172.32.42.255 172.32.43.0 to 172.32.43.63 172.32.43.64 to 172.32.43.127 172.32.43.128 to 172.32.43.159 172.32.43.160 to 172.32.43.175 64
0-127 128-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet) 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 65
VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Problem 36 Part 3 of 3 South High in part 1 of this problem has been given 2,048 hosts, with the address range of 172.32.16.0 / 21 (255.255.248.0). Based on the information below supply the required address ranges and subnet masks for each school area. Use both the Class B and Class C address charts to break down the sub- subnetwork addresses for the different areas of the network. Hint: With this problem you are creating sub-subnets with both the third and fourth octets of the IP address. You may need to use the Class B VLSM chart for the Students addressing information. All the other addresses will be using the Class C VLSM chart. Another way to look at this problem is to see that with the third octect range of 16 to 23 you have access to 8 groups of 255 addresses or eight Class C VLSM charts. South High School Address Range 172.32.16.0 to 172.32.23.255 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) 1,000 250 200 150 50 /22 /24 /24 /24 /26 CIDR Students NetworkDevices Printers Staff Administrative 172.32.16.0 to 172.32.19.255 172.32.20.0 to 172.32.20.255 172.32.21.0 to 172.32.21.255 172.32.22.0 to 172.32.22.255 172.32.23.0 to 172.32.23.63 66
0-127 128-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet) 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 67
68 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) Moskva New York St. Petersburg London Ekaterinoburg Munchen Napoli Birmingham Rotterdam 3,050,000 1,540,000 1,075,000 975,000 525,000 450,000 150,000 130,000 95,000 110.0.0.0 to 110.63.255.255 110.64.0.0 to 110.95.255.255 110.96.0.0 to 110.127.255.255 110.128.0.0 to 110.143.255.255 110.144.0.0 to 110.159.255.255 110.160.0.0 to 110.167.255.255 110.168.0.0 to 110.171.255.255 110.172.0.0 to 110.173.255.255 110.174.0.0 to 110.175.255.255 /10 /11 /11 /12 /12 /13 /14 /15 /15 CIDR VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Problem 37 Part 1 of 3 The company you are working for is using the IP address 110.0.0.0 sub-subneted for multiple offices around the world. Use the Class A address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different offices. At this stage of the problem you are creating sub-subnets with the third octet of the IP address. Remember which octet of the IP address you are working in. Company Address 110.0.0.0
69 Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) 0-127 128-255 /14 255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts /13 255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts /12 255.240.0.0 1,048,576 Hosts /11 255.224.0.0 2,097,152 Hosts /10 255.192.0.0 4,194,304 Hosts /9 255.128.0.0 8,388.608 Hosts /8 255.0.0.0 16,777,216 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /15 255.254.0.0 131,072 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255
70 VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Problem 37 Part 2 of 3 London in part 1 of this problem has been given 1,048,576 hosts, with the address range of 110.128.0.0 to 110.143.255.255 /12 (255.240.0.0). Based on the information below supply the required address ranges and subnet masks for each office. Use the Class B address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different areas of the network. London Address Range 110.128.0.0 to 110.143.255.255 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) Office #1 Office #2 Office #3 Office #4 Office #5 Office #6 Office #7 Office #8 Office #9 6,450 3,780 2,750 2,000 1,000 845 500 450 300 110.128.0.0 to 110.128.31.255 110.128.32.0 to 110.128.47.255 110.128.48.0 to 110.128.63.255 110.128.064.0 to 110.128.71.255 110.128.72.0 to 110.128.75.255 110.128.76.0 to 110.128.79.255 110.128.80.0 to 110.128.81.255 110.128.82.0 to 110.128.83.255 110.128.84.0 to 110.128.85.255 /19 /19 /19 /21 /21 /21 /22 /22 /23 CIDR
71 0-127 128-255 Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) /22 255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts /21 255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts /20 255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts /19 255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts /18 255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts /17 255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts /16 255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /23 255.255.254.0 512 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255
72 VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range 1st Floor 2nd Floor 5th Floor 8th Floor 4th Floor Basement 7th Floor 3rd Floor 6th Floor 125 75 50 45 30 14 12 6 4 110.128.80.0 to 110.128.80.127 110.128.80.128 to 110.128.80.255 110.128.81.0 to 110.128.81.63 110.128.81.64 to 110.128.81.127 110.128.81.128 to 110.128.81.159 110.128.81.160 to 110.128.81.175 110.128.81.176 to 110.128.81.191 110.128.81.192 to 110.128.81.199 110.128.81.200 to 110.128.81.207 /25 /25 /26 /26 /27 /28 /28 /29 /29 CIDR Problem 37 Part 3 of 3 Office #7 in part 2 of this problem has been given 512 hosts, with the address range of 110.128.80.0 / 23 (255.255.254.0). Based on the information below supply the required address ranges and subnet masks for each school area. Use the Class C address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different areas of the network. Hint: Another way to look at this problem is to see that with the third octect range of 80 to 81 you have access to 2 groups of 255 addresses or two Class C VLSM charts. Office #7 Address Range 110.128.80.0 to 110.128.81.255
73 0-127 128-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet) 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255
74 VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Problem 38 Part 1 of 4 Use the Class A address chart to break down the address for different business customers by country. At this stage of this problem you are creating subnets in the second octet of the IP address. Addresses 75.0.0.0 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range United States China Japan Germany Russia Australia Brazil Canda Denmark 6.5 million 4 million 1 million 500,000 455,000 450,000 125,000 90,000 88,000 75.0.0.0 to 75.127.255.255 75.128.0.0 to 75.191.255.255 75.192.0.0 to 75.207.255.255 75.208.0.0 to 75.215.255.255 75.216.0.0 to 75.223.255.255 75.224.0.0 to 75.231.255.255 75.232.0.0 to 75.233.255.255 75.234.0.0 to 75.235.255.255 75.236.0.0 to 75.237.255.255 /9 /10 /12 /13 /13 /13 /15 /15 /15 CIDR
75 Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) 0-127 128-255 /14 255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts /13 255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts /12 255.240.0.0 1,048,576 Hosts /11 255.224.0.0 2,097,152 Hosts /10 255.192.0.0 4,194,304 Hosts /9 255.128.0.0 8,388.608 Hosts /8 255.0.0.0 16,777,216 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /15 255.254.0.0 131,072 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255
76 VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Sample Problem 38 Part 2 of 4 The United States customers have a total of 8,388,608 addresses. Use the Class A address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for their different areas. At this stage of this problem you are creating sub-subnets in the second octet of the IP address. Addresses Range: 75.0.0.0 to 75.127.255.255 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range Client #1 Client #2 Client #3 Client #4 Client #5 Client #6 Client #7 1,950,000 1,000,000 950,000 700,000 550,000 500,000 450,000 75.0.0.0 to 75.31.255.255 75.32.0.0 to 75.47.255.255 75.48.0.0 to 75.63.255.255 75.64.0.0 to 75.79.255.255 75.80.0.0 to 75.95.255.255 75.96.0.0 to 75.103.255.255 75.104.0.0 to 75.111.255.255 /11 /12 /12 /12 /12 /13 /13 CIDR
Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) 0-127 128-255 /14 255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts /13 255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts /12 255.240.0.0 1,048,576 Hosts /11 255.224.0.0 2,097,152 Hosts /10 255.192.0.0 4,194,304 Hosts /9 255.128.0.0 8,388.608 Hosts /8 255.0.0.0 16,777,216 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /15 255.254.0.0 131,072 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255 77
78 VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Sample Problem 38 Part 3 of 4 Client #7 has a total of 524,288 addresses. Use the Class B address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for their different clients. At this stage of this problem you are creating sub-subnets in the third or forth octet of the IP address. Hint: Another way to look at this problem is to see that with the second octect range of 104 to 111 you have access to 8 groups of 65,536 addresses or 8 Class B VLSM charts. ISP Addresses 75.104.0.0 to 75.111.255.255 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range Office #1 Office #2 Office #3 Office #4 Office #5 Office #6 Office #7 Office #8 Office #9 60,000 45,000 30,000 24,000 15,000 10,000 8,000 2,000 1,000 75.104.0.0 to 75.104.255.255 75.105.0.0 to 75.105.255.255 75.106.0.0 to 75.106.127.255 75.106.128.0 to 75.106.255.255 75.107.0.0 to 75.107.63.255 75.107.64.0 to 75.107.127.255 75.107.128.0 to 75.107.159.255 75.107.160.0 to 75.107.167.255 75.107.168.0 to 75.107.171.255 /16 /16 /17 /17 /18 /18 /19 /21 /22 CIDR
79 0-127 128-255 Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) /22 255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts /21 255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts /20 255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts /19 255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts /18 255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts /17 255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts /16 255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /23 255.255.254.0 512 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255
80 VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Sample Problem 38 Part 4 of 4 Office #7 from part 3 of 4 has a total of 8,192 addresses. Use the Class B address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different branch offices. At this stage of this problem you are creating sub-subnets in the third octet of the IP address. Hint: Remember that the range of this problem is between 128 and 159 in the third octect. Your subnetting will start in the middle of the chart not at the top for this range. ISP Addresses 75.107.128.0 to 75.107.159.255 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range Branch #1 Branch #2 Branch #3 Branch #4 Branch #5 4,000 2,000 1,000 500 450 75.107.128.0 to 75.107.143.255 75.107.144.0 to 75.107.151.255 75.107.152.0 to 75.107.155.255 75.107.156.0 to 75.107.159.255 75.107.160.0 to 75.107.161.255 /20 /21 /22 /23 /23 CIDR
81 0-127 128-255 Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) /22 255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts /21 255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts /20 255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts /19 255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts /18 255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts /17 255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts /16 255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /23 255.255.254.0 512 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255 See Hint 158 - 159 156 - 157
82
Reference Charts and Support Materials ClassAAddresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) 0-127 128-255 /14 255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts /13 255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts /12 255.240.0.0 1,048,576 Hosts /11 255.224.0.0 2,097,152 Hosts /10 255.192.0.0 4,194,304 Hosts /9 255.128.0.0 8,388.608 Hosts /8 255.0.0.0 16,777,216 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /15 255.254.0.0 131,072 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255 84
0-127 128-255 Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) /22 255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts /21 255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts /20 255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts /19 255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts /18 255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts /17 255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts /16 255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /23 255.255.254.0 512 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255 85
86 0-127 128-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet) 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255
Inside Cover # of Bits Borrowed 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0 255.128.0.0 255.192.0.0 255.224.0.0 255.240.0.0 255.248.0.0 255.252.0.0 255.254.0.0 255.255.0.0 255.255.128.0 255.255.192.0 255.255.224.0 255.255.240.0 255.255.248.0 255.255.252.0 255.255.254.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.128 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252 Total # of Subnets 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1,024 2,048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536 131,072 262,144 524,288 1,048,576 2,097,152 4,194,304 Total # of Hosts 16,777,216 8,388,608 4,194,304 2,097,152 1,048,576 524,288 262,144 131,072 65,536 32,768 16,384 8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 Usable # of Hosts 16,777,214 8,388,606 4,194,302 2,097,150 1,048,574 524,286 262,142 131,070 65,534 32,766 16,382 8,190 4,094 2,046 1,022 510 254 126 62 30 14 6 2 # of Bits Borrowed 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Mask 255.255.0.0 255.255.128.0 255.255.192.0 255.255.224.0 255.255.240.0 255.255.248.0 255.255.252.0 255.255.254.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.128 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252 Total # of Subnets 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1,024 2,048 4,096 8,192 16,384 Total # of Hosts 65,536 32,768 16,384 8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 Usable # of Hosts 65,534 32,766 16,382 8,190 4,094 2,046 1,022 510 254 126 62 30 14 6 2 Class C Addressing Guide # of Bits Borrowed 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.128 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252 Total # of Subnets 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 Total # of Hosts 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 Usable # of Hosts 254 126 62 30 14 6 2 CIDR /8 /9 /10 /11 /12 /13 /14 /15 /16 /17 /18 /19 /20 /21 /22 /23 /24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 CIDR /16 /17 /18 /19 /20 /21 /22 /23 /24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 CIDR /24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 Class B Addressing Guide Class A Addressing Guide ______________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ 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Vlsm workbook instructors edition v2 0-solucionario

  • 2. IP Address Classes Class A 1 – 127 (Network 127 is reserved for loopback and internal testing) Leading bit pattern 0 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 Class B 128 – 191 Leading bit pattern 10 10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 Class C 192 – 223 Leading bit pattern 110 11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000 Class D 224 – 239 (Reserved for multicast) Class E 240 – 255 (Reserved for experimental, used for research) Private Address Space Class A 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 Class B 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 Class C 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 Default Subnet Masks Class A 255.0.0.0 Class B 255.255.0.0 Class C 255.255.255.0 Network . Host . Host . Host Network . Network . Host . Host Network . Network . Network . Host Inside Cover This workbook assumes you already have a background in subnetting. If you don’t you may want to consider completing the IPAddressing and Subnetting Workbook. Produced by: Robb Jones jonesr@careertech.net and/or Robert.Jones@fcps.org Frederick County Career & Technology Center Cisco NetworkingAcademy Frederick County Public Schools Frederick, Maryland, USA Special Thanks to Melvin Baker and Jim Dorsch for taking the time to check this workbook for errors, and to everyone who has sent in suggestions to improve the series. Workbooks included in the series: IPAddressing and Subnetting Workbooks ACLs - Access Lists Workbooks VLSM Variable-Length Subnet Mask Workbooks Instructors (and anyone else for that matter) please do not post the Instructors version on public websites. When you do this you are giving everyone else worldwide the answers. Yes, students look for answers this way. It also discourages others; myself included, from posting high quality materials.
  • 3. Classful vs. Classless Subnetting When you’re subnetting an IP address for a network you have two options: classful and classless. Classful subnetting is the simplest method. It tends to be the most wasteful because it uses more addresses than are necessary. In classful subnetting you use the same subnet mask for each subnet, and all the subnets have the same number of addresses in them. Classless addressing allows you to use different subnet masks and create subnets tailored to the number of users in each group. This technique is referred to as VLSM, Variable Length Subnet Masks. What is VLSM Variable Length Subnet Masks allow you a much tighter control over your addressing scheme. If you use a class C address with a default subnet mask you end up with one subnet containing 256 addresses. By using VLSM you can adjust the number of subnets and number of addresses depending on the specific needs of your network. The same rules apply to a class A or B addresses. VLSM is supported by the following protocols: RIP version 2, OSPF, EIGRP, Dual IS-IS, and BGP. You need to configure your router for Variable Length Subnet Masks by setting up one of these protocols. Then configure the subnet masks of the various interfaces in the IP address interface sub- command. Benefits of VLSM Allows efficient use of address space Allows the use of multiple subnet mask lengths Breaks up an address block into smaller custom blocks Allows for route summarization Provides more flexibility in network design Supports hierarchical enterprise networks This workbook explores three different methods to figure out sub-subnets: the box method, the circle method, and a VLSM chart. 1
  • 4. Classful Subnetting Example When you’re subnetting an IP address for a network you have two options: classful and classless. Classful subnetting is the simplest method. It also tends to be the most wasteful because it uses more addresses than are necessary. In classful subnetting you use the same subnet mask for each subnet, and all the subnets have the same number of addresses in them. In this example you need five subnets, each one containing 30 hosts. The serial connections only require two address each so you are wasting 28 usable addresses in each of the serial subnet ranges. 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.96 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.160 192.168.1.192 192.168.1.224 192.168.1.31 192.168.1.63 192.168.1.95 192.168.1.127 192.168.1.159 192.168.1.191 192.168.1.223 192.168.1.255 to to to to to to to to /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts 8 Subnets Marketing 25 Hosts Records 12 Hosts Research 30 Hosts IP Address: 192.168.1.0 0 255 128 63 64 192 191 32 31 95 96 159 223 224 160 127 The Box Method for visualizing subnets /27 /27 /27 /27 /27 /27 /27 /27 2 Classful Subnet Ranges
  • 5. Classless Subnetting Example Classless addressing allows you to use different subnet masks and create subnets tailored to the number of users in each subnetwork. There are fewer wasted IP addresses using smaller subnets. In this example you need at total of five subnets, two containing 30 hosts, one containing 12 hosts, and two serial connections that only require two usable addresses each. By adjusting the subnet masks you can cut your address usage by almost half in this example. This type of subnetting requires a network protocol which will support it such as: RIP version 2, EIGRP, OSPF, or BGP. Marketing 25 Hosts Records 12 Hosts Research 30 Hosts IP Address: 192.168.1.0 0 255 79 128 63 64 32 31 96 83 87 80 184 12795 88 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.80 192.168.1.84 192.168.1.88 192.168.1.96 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.31 192.168.1.63 192.168.1.79 192.168.1.82 192.168.1.87 192.168.1.95 192.168.1.127 192.168.1.255 to to to to to to to to /27 /27 /28 /30 /30 /29 /27 /25 3 The Box Method for visualizing subnets Classless Subnet Ranges
  • 6. /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 1 Subnet Start with a square. The whole square is a single subnet comprised of 256 addresses. Visualizing Subnets Using The Box Method The box method is a simple way to visualize the breakdown of subnets and addresses into smaller sizes. By shading or coloring in the boxes you can easily break up your subnets without overlapping your addresses. You adjust each subnet to the correct size needed. /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts 2 Subnets /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts 4 Subnets 4 Split the box in half and you get two subnets with 128 addresses. Divide the box into quarters and you get four subnets with 64 addresses.
  • 7. 5 /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts 8 Subnets Split each individual square and you get eight subnets with 32 addresses. /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 64 Subnets /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 32 Subnets /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts 16 Subnets Split the boxes in half again and you get sixteen subnets with sixteen addresses. The next split gives you thirty two subnets with eight addresses. The last split gives sixty four subnets with four addresses each.
  • 8. Color in the squares used with different shades to highlight each subnet. VLSM Addressing Box Method (Sample) Problem 1 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This business will be using the class C address 220.10.10.0. Re- member to start with your largest groups first. Marketing Department 60 Hosts LAN Address: 220.10.10.0/26 Research Department 28 Hosts LAN Address: 220.10.10.64/27 0 255127 128 63 64 95 96 6
  • 9. VLSM Addressing Box Method (Sample) Problem 2 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.16.0. Re- member to start with your largest groups first. Washington D.C. 120 Hosts Frederick 20 Hosts Baltimore 60 Hosts 0 255127 128 192 191 223 LAN Address: 192.168.16.0/25 LAN Address: 192.168.16.192/27 LAN Address: 192.168.16.128/26 WAN Address #1: 192.168.16.224/30 WAN Address #2: 192.168.16.228/30 227 239231 224 232 228 240 Color in the squares used with different shades to highlight each subnet. 7
  • 10. 8 VLSM Addressing Box Method Problem 3 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 190.10.10.0. Re- member to start with your largest groups first. Dallas 60 Hosts Ft. Worth 25 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: WAN Address #1: Color in the squares used with different shades to highlight each subnet. 0 255 128 63 64 95 96 190.10.10.0/26 190.10.10.96/30 190.10.10.64/27 99 103 111 127 104 100 112
  • 11. VLSM Addressing Box Method Problem 4 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 220.108.38.0. Re- member to start with your largest groups first. Corpus Christi 25 Hosts Waco 50 Hosts Houston 120 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address:LAN Address: WAN Address #1: WAN Address #2: Color in the squares used with different shades to highlight each subnet. 9 0 12832 160 15 4739 175167135 1437 11 4335 171163131 1393 27 5951 187179147 15519 31 6355 191183151 15923 75 10799 235227195 20367 79 111103 239231199 20771 91 123115 251243211 21983 95 127119 255247215 22387 408 136 168 4 13236 1644412 140 172 16 14448 1765624 152 184 20 14852 1806028 156 188 64 19296 22410472 200 232 68 196100 22810876 204 236 80 208112 24012088 216 248 84 212116 24412492 220 252 220.108.38.224/30 220.108.38.128/26 220.108.38.228/30 220.108.38.192/27 220.108.38.0/25
  • 12. 10 VLSM Addressing Box Method Problem 5 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.10.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. New York 115 Hosts Fargo 23 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: WAN Address #2: Color in the squares used with different shades to highlight each subnet. San Jose 12 Hosts 48 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: WAN Address #1: 0 12832 160 15 4739 175167135 1437 11 4335 171163131 1393 27 5951 187179147 15519 31 6355 191183151 15923 75 10799 235227195 20367 79 111103 239231199 20771 91 123115 251243211 21983 95 127119 255247215 22387 408 136 168 4 13236 1644412 140 172 16 14448 1765624 152 184 20 14852 1806028 156 188 64 19296 22410472 200 232 68 196100 22810876 204 236 80 208112 24012088 216 248 84 212116 24412492 220 252 192.168.10.240/30 192.168.10.128/26 192.168.10.192/27 192.168.10.244/30 192.168.10.0/25 192.168.10.224/28
  • 13. VLSM Addressing Box Method Problem 6 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 222.10.150.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Boston LAN Address: WAN Address #1: Draw the necessary lines and color in the used squares with different shades to highlight each subnet. 11 London WAN Address #2: 6 Hosts 12 Hosts LAN Address: 24 Hosts 37 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: 0 255 111 128 63 64 192 191 32 31 95 96 159 223 224 160 222.10.150.120/30 222.10.150.124/30 222.10.150.112/29 222.10.150.0/26 222.10.150.64/27 222.10.150.96/28 123 127119 112 120 124 Toyko
  • 14. 12 VLSM Addressing Box Method Problem 7 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and subnet mask in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 200.150.70.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Draw the necessary lines and color in the used squares with different shades to highlight each subnet. Boston 2 LAN Address: 6 Hosts 12 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: 14 Hosts LAN Address: 25 Hosts 0 255127 128 63 64 192 191 200.150.70.0/27 200.150.70.32/28 200.150.70.64/29 200.150.70.48/28 32 48 47 71 31 Serial Address: 200.150.70.72/30 72 75 Boston 1
  • 15. VLSM Addressing Box Method Problem 8 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and subnet mask in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.24.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. LAN Address: Draw the necessary lines and color in the used squares with different shades to highlight each subnet. 13 London WAN Address #2: 18 Hosts LAN Address: 95 Hosts 12 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: 0 255 34 Hosts 192.168.24.244/30 192.168.24.224/28 192.168.24.0/25 192.168.24.192/27 192.168.24.128/26 127 128 191 192 223 224 239 243 240 WAN Address #1: 192.168.24.240/30 Paris New York 244 247
  • 16. /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 1 Subnet Start with a circle. The whole circle is a single subnet comprised of 256 addresses. Visualizing Subnets Using The Circle Method The circle method is another method used to visualize the breakdown of subnets and addresses into smaller sizes. By shading or coloring in the different sections of the circle you can easily break up your subnets without overlapping your addresses. You adjust each subnet to the correct size needed. /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts 2 Subnets /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts 4 Subnets Split the circle in half and you get two subnets with 128 addresses. Divide the circle into quarters and you get four subnets with 64 addresses. .0 .127.128 .255 .0 .127.128 .255 .63 .64.191 .192 14
  • 17. /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts 8 Subnets Split each quarter and you get eight subnets with 32 addresses. /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 64 Subnets /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 32 Subnets /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts 16 Subnets Split the boxes in half again and you get sixteen subnets with sixteen addresses. The next split gives you thirty two subnets with eight addresses. The last split gives sixty four subnets with four addresses each. .0 .127.128 .255 .63 .64.191 .192 .31 .32 .95 .96.159 .160 .223 .224 .0 .31 .15 .16 .64 .63 .48 .47 .32 .111 .96 .95 .80 .79 .112 .127 .176 .224 .223 .192 .208 .207 .191 .175 .159 .143 .160 .144 .128 .255 .239 .240 15 .0-.7 .24-.31 .8-.15 .16-.23 .64 - .71 .56 - .63 .48 - .55 .40 - .47.32- .39 .104-.111.96-.103.88-.95 .80 - .87 .72 - .79 .112-.119 .120-.127 .176-.183 .224-.231 .216-.223 .192-.199 .208-.215 .200-.207 .184-.191 .168.-175 .152-.159 .136-.143 .160-.167 .144-.151 .128-.135 .248-.255 .232-.239 .240-.247 .0-.3 .24-.27 .8-.11 .16-.19 .64 - .67 .56 - .59 .48 - .51 .40-.43 .32- .35 .104-.107 .96-.99 .88-.91 .80-.83 .72 - .75 .112-.115 .120-.123 .176-.179 .224-.227 .216-.219 .192-.195 .208-.211 .200-.203 .184-.187 .168.-171 .152-.155 .136-.139 .160-.163 .144-.147 .128-.131 .248-.251 .232-.235 .240-.243 .4-.7 .12-.15 .20-.23 .28-.31 .36- .39 .44 - .47 .52 - .55 .60 - .63 .68 - .71 .76 - .79 .84-.87 .92-.95 .100-.103 .108-.111 .116-.119 .124-.127 .132-.135 .140-.143 .148-.151.156-.159 .164-.167 .172.-175 .180-.183 .188-.191 .196-.199 .204-.207 .212-.215 .220-.223 .228-.231 .236-.239 .244-.247 .252-.255
  • 18. 16 Color in the necessary circle sections used with different shades to highlight each subnet. VLSM Addressing Circle Method (Sample) Problem 9 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This business will be using the class C address 220.10.10.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Marketing Department 60 Hosts LAN Address: 220.10.10.0/26 Research Department 28 Hosts LAN Address: 220.10.10.64/27 .0.255 .127.128 .96 .63 .95 .64
  • 19. 17 VLSM Addressing Circle Method (Sample) Problem 10 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.16.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Washington D.C. 120 Hosts Frederick 20 Hosts Baltimore 60 Hosts LAN Address: 192.168.16.0/25 LAN Address: 192.168.16.192/27 LAN Address: 192.168.16.128/26 WAN Address #1: 192.168.16.224/30 WAN Address #2: 192.168.16.228/30 Color in the necessary circle sections used with different shades to highlight each subnet. .255 .240 .232-.239 .0 .127 .191 .128 .223 .192 .224-.227 .228-.231
  • 20. 18 Color in the necessary circle sections used with different shades to highlight each subnet. VLSM Addressing Circle Method Problem 11 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This business will be using the class C address 200.20.20.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Marketing Department 50 Hosts LAN Address: Department 25 Hosts LAN Address: Marketing Department 100 Hosts LAN Address: .0 .224 .255 .127 .191 .128 .223 .192 200.20.20.0/25 200.20.20.128/26 200.20.20.192/27
  • 21. 19 VLSM Addressing Circle Method Problem 12 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This company will be using the class C address 199.55.70.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Color in the necessary circle sections used with different shades to highlight each subnet. LAN Address: New York 21 Hosts LAN Address: 115 Hosts 8 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: 12 Hosts WAN Address #1: Boston .0-.3 .24-.27 .8-.11 .16-.19 .64 - .67 .56 - .59 .48 - .51 .40-.43.32 - .35 .104-.107.96-.99 .88-.91 .80 - .83 .72 - .75 .112-.115 .120-.123 .176-.179 .224-.227 .216-.219 .192-.195 .208-.211 .200-.203 .184-.187 .168.-171 .152-.155 .136-.139 .160-.163 .144-.147 .128-.131.248-.251 .232-.235 .240-.243 .4-.7 .12-.15 .20-.23 .28-.31 .36- .39 .44 - .47 .52 - .55 .60 - .63 .68 - .71 .76 - .79 .84-.87 .92-.95 .100-.103 .108-.111 .116-.119 .124-.127 .132-.135 .140-.143 .148-.151.156-.159 .164-.167 .172.-175 .180-.183 .188-.191 .196-.199 .204-.207 .212-.215 .220-.223 .228-.231 .236-.239 .244-.247 .252-.255 199.55.70.160/28 199.55.70.192/30 199.55.70.128/27 199.55.70.0/25 199.55.70.176/28
  • 22. 20 VLSM Addressing Circle Method Problem 13 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This company will be using the class C address 200.150.70.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. New Delhi LAN Address: 22 Hosts 5 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: 7 Hosts LAN Address: 35 Hosts Serial Address: Mumbai 12Hosts LAN Address: .0-.3 .24-.27 .8-.11 .16-.19 .64 - .67 .56 - .59 .48 - .51 .40-.43.32 - .35 .104-.107.96-.99 .88-.91 .80 - .83 .72 - .75 .112-.115 .120-.123 .176-.179 .224-.227 .216-.219 .192-.195 .208-.211 .200-.203 .184-.187 .168.-171 .152-.155 .136 .160-.163 .144-.147 .128-.131.248-.251 .232-.235 .240-.243 .4-.7 .12-.15 .20-.23 .28-.31 .36- .39 .44 - .47 .52 - .55 .60 - .63 .68 - .71 .76 - .79 .84-.87 .92-.95 .100-.103 .108-.111 .116-.119 .124-.127 .132-.135 .140-.143 .148-.151.156-.159 .164-.167 .172.-175 .180-.183 .188-.191 .196-.199 .204-.207 .212-.215 .220-.223 .228-.231 .236-.239 .244-.247 .252-.255 200.150.70.136/30 200.150.70.0/26 200.150.70.112/28 200.150.70.96/28 200.150.70.64/27 200.150.70.128/29 .136-.139 Color in the necessary circle sections used with different shades to highlight each subnet.
  • 23. 21 VLSM Addressing Circle Method Problem 14 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This company will be using the class C address 210.10.10.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. LAN Address: Hong Kong WAN Address #2: 18 Hosts LAN Address: 95 Hosts 12 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: 27 Hosts WAN Address #1: Shanghai Beijing 18 Hosts Draw the necessary lines and color in the used circle sections with different shades to highlight each subnet. 210.10.10.192/27 210.10.10.240/30 210.10.10.244/30 210.10.10.128/26 210.10.10.0/25 210.10.10.224/28 .0 .127 .191 .128 .223 .192 .224 .239 .240-.243 .244-.247
  • 24. 22 VLSM Addressing Circle Method Problem 15 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the circle. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.150.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. Vienna 15 Hosts Frankfurt 30 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: WAN Address #2: Prague 12 Hosts 48 Hosts LAN Address: WAN Address #1: Draw the necessary lines and color in the used circle sections with different shades to highlight each subnet. Venice 23 Hosts 48 Hosts LAN Address: 192.168.150.240/30 192.168.150.224/28 WAN Address #3: 192.168.150.248/30 192.168.150.0/25 192.168.150.192/27 192.168.150.244/30 192.168.150.128/28 LAN Address: 192.168.150.160/28 .0 .127 .191 .128 .223 .192 .224 .239 .240-.243 .244-.247 .248-.251 .159 .160
  • 25. 23 VLSM Addressing Circle Method Problem 16 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the circle. This company will be using the class C address 195.75.23.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. San Juan LAN Address: WAN Address #1: Draw the necessary lines and color in the used circle sections with different shades to highlight each subnet. Kingston WAN Address #2: 6 Hosts 12 Hosts LAN Address: 24 Hosts 37 Hosts LAN Address: LAN Address: Guatemala City San Jose 12 Hosts LAN Address: 13 Hosts 195.75.23.152/30 195.75.23.156/30 195.75.23.144/29 195.75.23.96/27 195.75.23.0/26 195.75.23.128/28 195.75.23.64/27 .0.255 .63 .95 .64 .127 .96 .144-.151.152-.155 .160-.163 .156-.159 .143 .128 WAN Address #3 195.75.23.160/30
  • 26. Visualizing Subnets Using a VLSM Chart The VLSM chart is the third method used to visualize the breakdown of subnets and addresses into smaller sizes. By shading or coloring in the boxes you can easily break up your subnets without overlapping your addresses. You can adjust each sub-subnet to the correct size needed. 24 Marketing Department 60 Hosts LAN Address: 220.10.10.0/26 Research Department 28 Hosts LAN Address: 220.10.10.64/27 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method (Sample) Problem 17 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This business will be using the class C address 220.10.10.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first.
  • 27. 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 25 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
  • 28. 26 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method (Sample) Problem 18 Using the network diagram and information given create an address- ing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.16.0. Re- member to start with your largest groups first. Washington D.C. 120 Hosts Frederick 20 Hosts Baltimore 60 Hosts LAN Address: 192.168.16.0/25 LAN Address: 192.168.16.192/27 LAN Address: 192.168.16.128/26 WAN Address #1: 192.168.16.224/30 WAN Address #2: 192.168.16.228/30
  • 29. 27 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
  • 30. 28 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method Problem 19 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 199.55.78.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. LAN Address: Site 2 50 Hosts 199.55.78.128/26LAN Address: Site 1 30 Hosts 199.55.78.192/27 WAN Address #1: 199.55.78.240/30 LAN Address: Site 4 100 Hosts 199.55.78.0/25 Site 3 10 Hosts LAN Address: 199.55.78.224/28
  • 31. 29 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
  • 32. 30 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method Problem 20 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 223.150.50.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. WAN Address #2: WAN Address #1: 223.150.50.176/30 223.150.50.180/30 LAN Address: Bedford 12 Hosts 223.150.50.160/28 Richland Hills 10 Hosts LAN Address: 223.150.50.128/27 LAN Address: 223.150.50.0/26 Hurst 60 Hosts Euless 50 Hosts LAN Address: 223.150.50.64/26 Arlington 15 Hosts
  • 33. 31 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
  • 34. 32 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method Problem 21 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 222.22.2.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. 23 Hosts 15 Hosts 17 Hosts 40 Hosts 35 Hosts 18 Hosts LAN Address: 222.22.2.0/26 12 Hosts 222.22.2.208/30 LAN Address: 222.22.2.128/26 WAN Address #2: 222.22.2.212/30 WAN Address #1: 222.22.2.192/28 WAN Address #1: 222.22.2.64/26 WAN Address #1:
  • 35. 33 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
  • 36. 34 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method Problem 22 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 200.20.2.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. LAN Address: LAN Address: LAN Address: WAN Address #3: Router A Hagerstown 25 Hosts Router B Router C Router D Frederick Site A 45 Hosts Middletown 10 Hosts WAN Address #1: WAN Address #2: Frederick Site B 23 Hosts Boonsburo 35 Hosts LAN Address: 200.20.2.0/25 200.20.2.128/26 200.20.2.192/27 200.20.2.224/28 200.20.2.240/30 200.20.2.244/30 200.20.2.248/30
  • 37. 35 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
  • 38. 36 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method Problem 23 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 190.150.23.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. LAN Address: Boston 25 Hosts 190.150.23.0/25 New York 22 Hosts Virgina 34 Hosts West Virginia 11 Hosts Utah 36 Hosts Maryland 25 Hosts WAN Address #1: 190.150.23.224/30 Texas 10 Hosts WAN Address #2: 190.150.23.228/30 LAN Address: 190.150.23.128/26 WAN Address #3: 190.150.23.232/30 LAN Address: 190.150.23.192/28 LAN Address: 190.150.23.208/28
  • 39. 37 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
  • 40. 38 VLSM Addressing VLSM Chart Method Problem 24 Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme which utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company will be using the class C address 192.168.1.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first. 27 Hosts 12 Hosts LAN Address: 192.168.1.96/28 LAN Address: 192.168.1.80/28 LAN Address: 192.168.1.64/28 WAN Address #1: 192.168.1.112/30 WAN Address #2: 192.168.1.116/30 WAN Address #3: 192.168.1.120/30 LAN Address: 192.168.1.32/27 8 Hosts5 Hosts 8 Hosts 6 Hosts 18 Hosts WAN Address #4: 192.168.1.124/30 LAN Address: 192.168.1.0/27
  • 41. 39 0-127 128-255 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 16-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
  • 42. 40
  • 43. Practical VLSM Problems Use the VLSM method of your choice to complete the folowing problems. .0-.3 .24-.27 .8-.11 .16-.19 .64 - .67 .56 - .59 .48 - .51 .40-.43 .32- .35 .104-.107 .96-.99 .88-.91 .80-.83 .72 - .75.112-.115 .120-.123 .176-.179 .224-.227 .216-.219 .192-.195 .208-.211 .200-.203 .184-.187 .168.-171 .152-.155 .136-.139 .160-.163 .144-.147 .128-.131 .248-.251 .232-.235 .240-.243 .4-.7 .12-.15 .20-.23 .28-.31 .36- .39 .44 - .47 .52 - .55 .60 - .63 .68 - .71 .76 - .79 .84-.87 .92-.95 .100-.103 .108-.111 .116-.119 .124-.127 .132-.135 .140-.143 .148-.151.156-.159 .164-.167 .172.-175 .180-.183 .188-.191 .196-.199 .204-.207 .212-.215 .220-.223 .228-.231 .236-.239 .244-.247 .252-.255
  • 44. VLSMAddressing (Sample) Problem25 YouaredevelopingaschoolnetworkwiththeclassCaddress192.168.2.0/24.Therewillbethree computerlabswith30computerseachthatneedtobeondifferentsub-subnets.Fortyeightclassroomswith onecomputereachthatwillcompriseasinglesub-subnet.Theadministrativeofficeandguidanceoffice containatotalofsevencomputerswhichwillneedtobegroupedtogether.Planforfourmoreminilabswith sixcomputerstoeachsub-subnetwork.Dividethenetworkusingvariablelengthsubnetmasks.Complete theinformationrequiredbelow.Remembertoworkfromlargesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 192.168.2.0 192.168.2.64 192.168.2.96 192.168.2.128 192.168.2.160 192.168.2.176 192.168.2.184 192.168.2.192 192.168.2.200 Subnet Mask(/X) /26 /27 /27 /27 /28 /29 /29 /29 /29 FirstUsable Host 192.168.2.1 192.168.2.65 192.168.2.97 192.168.2.129 192.168.2.161 192.168.2.177 192.168.2.185 192.168.2.193 192.168.2.201 LastUsable Host 192.168.2.62 192.168.2.94 192.168.2.126 192.168.2.158 192.168.2.174 192.168.2.182 192.168.2.190 192.168.2.198 192.168.2.206 Broadcast Address 192.168.2.63 192.168.2.95 192.168.2.127 192.168.2.159 192.168.2.175 192.168.2.183 192.168.2.191 192.168.2.199 192.168.2.207 42
  • 46. 44 VLSMAddressing Problem27 YouaresettingupamediumsizednetworkwiththeclassCaddress222.37.34.0/24.Marketingneeds 29computers.Researchanddevelopmentneeds110computers.Bookkeepingwilluse12computers. Thereceptionareawillneedthreecomputers.Managementrequires60computers.Dividethenetwork usingvariablelengthsubnetmasks.Completetheinformationrequiredbelow.Remembertoworkfrom largesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 222.37.34.0 222.37.34.128 222.37.34.192 222.37.34.224 222.37.34.240 Subnet Mask(/X) /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 FirstUsable Host 222.37.34.1 222.37.34.129 222.37.34.193 222.37.34.225 222.37.34.241 LastUsable Host 222.37.34.126 222.37.34.190 222.37.34.222 222.37.34.238 222.37.34.246 Broadcast Address 222.37.34.127 222.37.34.191 222.37.34.223 222.37.34.239 222.37.34.247
  • 47. 45 VLSMAddressing Problem28 Ashippingcompanyneedstosetupitsnetworkacrossseverallocations.TheDenverofficeneedssix computers.TheWacoofficeneeds22computers.TheFargoofficewillneedfivecomputers.TheWAN linksbetweenallthreelocationsneedtobeincludedinthesolution.UsingtheIPaddress192.168.10.0/24 dividethenetworkusingVLSM.Completetheinformationrequiredbelow.Remembertoworkfromlargest tosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 192.168.10.0 192.168.10.32 192.168.10.40 192.168.10.48 192.168.10.52 Subnet Mask(/X) /27 /29 /29 /30 /30 FirstUsable Host 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.33 192.168.10.41 192.168.10.49 192.168.10.53 LastUsable Host 192.168.10.30 192.168.10.38 192.168.10.46 192.168.10.50 192.168.10.54 Broadcast Address 192.168.10.31 192.168.10.39 192.168.10.47 192.168.10.51 192.168.10.55
  • 48. 46 VLSMAddressing Problem29 Anewschoolisbeingbuiltinthelocalschooldistrict.Itwillhavethreecomputerlabswith28 computerseach.Therewillbe58classroomswith2computerseachthatneedtobeononesub-subnet. Theofficestaffandadministratorswillneed7computers.Theguidanceandattendanceofficewillhave5 computers.Theschoolhasbeengiventheaddress223.145.75.0/24.Completetheinformationrequired below.Remembertoworkfromlargesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 223.145.75.0 223.145.75.128 223.145.75.160 223.145.75.192 223.145.75.224 223.145.75.240 223.145.75.248 Subnet Mask(/X) /25 /27 /27 /27 /28 /29 /29 FirstUsable Host 223.145.75.1 223.145.75.129 223.145.75.161 223.145.75.193 223.145.75.225 223.145.75.241 223.145.75.249 LastUsable Host 223.145.75.126 223.145.75.158 223.145.75.190 223.145.75.222 223.145.75.238 223.145.75.246 223.145.75.254 Broadcast Address 223.145.75.127 223.145.75.159 223.145.75.191 223.145.75.223 223.145.75.239 223.145.75.247 223.145.75.255
  • 49. 47 VLSMAddressing Problem30 Alocalcollegeissettingupacampuswidenetwork.Thetechnologywingwillbeonitsownnetwork addressof192.168.250.0/24.Theofficewingwillinclude15computers.Thereare2labsof20computers each,2labsof30computerseachandonelabof35computers.Completetheinformationrequiredbelow. Remembertoworkfromlargesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 192.168.250.0 92.168.250.64 92.168.250.96 92.168.250.128 92.168.250.160 92.168.250.192 Subnet Mask(/X) /26 /27 /27 /27 /27 /27 FirstUsable Host 92.168.250.1 92.168.250.65 92.168.250.97 92.168.250.129 92.168.250.161 92.168.250.193 LastUsable Host 92.168.250.62 92.168.250.94 92.168.250.126 92.168.250.158 92.168.250.190 92.168.250.222 Broadcast Address 92.168.250.63 92.168.250.95 92.168.250.127 92.168.250.159 92.168.250.191 92.168.250.223
  • 50. 48 VLSMAddressing Problem31 Youaresettingupanetworkforacompanyinfourlocations.LocationAhas8computers.LocationB has122computers.LocationChas4computers.LocationDhas55computers.ThereisaWANconnec- tionbetweenallfourlocations.CompletetheinformationrequiredbelowusingtheclassCaddress 192.168.10.0.Remembertoworkfromlargesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 192.168.10.0 192.168.10.128 192.168.10.192 192.168.10.208 192.168.10.216 192.168.10.220 192.168.10.224 Subnet Mask(/X) /25 /26 /28 /29 /30 /30 /30 FirstUsable Host 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.129 192.168.10.193 192.168.10.209 192.168.10.217 192.168.10.221 192.168.10.225 LastUsable Host 192.168.10.126 192.168.10.190 192.168.10.206 192.168.10.214 192.168.10.218 192.168.10.222 192.168.10.226 Broadcast Address 192.168.10.127 192.168.10.191 192.168.10.207 192.168.10.215 192.168.10.219 192.168.10.223 192.168.10.227
  • 52. 50 VLSMAddressing Problem33 YouaresettingupabusinessnetworkwiththeclassCaddress219.75.160.0/24.Themarketing divisionwillneed19computers.Researchanddevelopmentneeds40computers.Thereceptionareawill needfourcomputers.Managementrequires12computers.Dividethenetworkusingvariablelengthsubnet information.Ontheoppositepagedrawadetailedmapofthisnetwork.Includethenameandsub-subnetIP addressesforeachbranchofthenetworkwiththesubnetmask.Onerouterwithfourethernetportswillbe usedforthisnetwork. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 219.75.160.0 219.75.160.64 219.75.160.96 219.75.160.112 Subnet Mask(/X) /26 /27 /28 /29 FirstUsable Host 219.75.160.1 219.75.160.65 219.75.160.97 219.75.160.113 LastUsable Host 219.75.160.62 219.75.160.94 219.75.160.110 219.75.160.118 Broadcast Address 219.75.160.63 219.75.160.95 219.75.160.111 219.75.160.119
  • 54. 52 VLSMAddressing Problem34 Asmallcompanyneedstosetupitsnetworkacrossseverallocations.TheNewYorkbranchoffice needs15computers.TheSanJoseofficeneeds66computers.TheTrinidadofficewillneed18 computers.YouwillneedtwoWANlinksbetweentherouters.UsingtheIPaddress195.20.5.0/24dividethe networkusingVLSM.Ontheoppositepagedrawadetailedmapofthisnetwork.Includethenameandsub- subnetIPaddressesinformationforeachbranchofthenetwork.LabeltheWANlinkswiththesameinforma- tion.Completetheinformationrequiredbelow.Workfromlargesttosmallest. Subnet 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Address 195.20.5.0 195.20.5.128 195.20.5.160 195.20.5.192 195.20.5.196 Subnet Mask(/X) /25 /27 /27 /30 /30 FirstUsable Host 195.20.5.1 195.20.5.129 195.20.5.161 195.20.5.193 195.20.5.197 LastUsable Host 195.20.5.126 195.20.5.158 195.20.5.190 195.20.5.194 195.20.5.198 Broadcast Address 195.20.5.127 195.20.5.159 195.20.5.191 195.20.5.195 195.20.5.199
  • 56. 54
  • 57. Class A and B VLSM Problems Class AAddresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet) 10 . 0 . 0 . 0
  • 58. VLSM with Class A and B Addresses We’ve gone over the practical applications of using VLSM on class C addresses. The same approach works with class A and B addresses. For example an ISP may have a class A address which it needs to subnet between its customers. Each customer may need to take their addresses and subnet them again in order to use them more effectively. The real trick to this is to remember which octet of the IP address you are working with. Sample Problem 35 Part 1 of 3 Use the Class A address chart to break down the address for different ISP customers. At this stage of the problem you are creating subnets using the second octet of the IP address. ISP Addresses 15.0.0.0 56 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) Customer #1 Customer #2 Customer #3 Customer #4 Customer #5 Customer #6 Customer #7 Customer #8 Customer #9 8 million 2 million 2,000,000 1,000,000 500,000 450,000 200,000 130,000 100,000 15.0.0.0 to 15.127.255.255 15.128.0.0 to 15.159.255.255 15.160.0.0 to 15.191.255.255 15.192.0.0 to 15.207.255.255 15.208.0.0 to 15.215.255.255 15.216.0.0 to 15.223.255.255 15.224.0.0 to 15.227.255.255 15.228.0.0 to 15.229.255.255 15.230.0.0 to 15.231.255.255 /9 /11 /11 /12 /13 /13 /14 /15 /15 CIDR
  • 59. 57 Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) 0-127 128-255 /14 255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts /13 255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts /12 255.240.0.0 1,048,576 Hosts /11 255.224.0.0 2,097,152 Hosts /10 255.192.0.0 4,194,304 Hosts /9 255.128.0.0 8,388.608 Hosts /8 255.0.0.0 16,777,216 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /15 255.254.0.0 131,072 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255
  • 60. VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Sample Problem 35 Part 2 of 3 Customer #5 has a total of 524,288 addresses. Use the Class B address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for their different clients. At this stage of the problem you are creating sub-subnets with the third octet of the IP address. ISP Addresses 15.208.0.0 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) Client #1 Client #2 Client #3 Client #4 Client #5 Client #6 Client #7 Client #8 Client #9 7,500 5,000 4,500 2,000 1,450 1,150 900 750 450 15.208.0.0 to 15.208.31.255 15.208.32.0 to 15.208.63.255 15.208.64.0 to 15.208.95.255 15.208.96.0 to 15.208.103.255 15.208.104.0 to 15.208.111.255 15.208.112.0 to 15.208.119.255 15.208.120.0 to 15.208.123.255 15.208.124.0 to 15.208.127.255 15.208.128.0 to 15.208.129.255 /19 /19 /19 /21 /21 /21 /22 /22 /23 CIDR 58
  • 61. 0-127 128-255 Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) /22 255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts /21 255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts /20 255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts /19 255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts /18 255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts /17 255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts /16 255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /23 255.255.254.0 512 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255 59
  • 62. VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Sample Problem 35 Part 3 of 3 Client #8 has a total of 1,024 addresses. Use the Class C address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for their different branch offices. At this stage of the problem you are creating sub-subnets with the fourth octet of the IP address. ISP Addresses 15.208.124.0 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) Branch #1 Branch #2 Branch #3 Branch #4 Branch #5 Branch #6 Branch #7 Branch #8 Branch #9 100 55 25 6 4 2 2 2 2 15.208.124.0 to 15.208.124.127 15.208.124.128 to 15.208.124.191 15.208.124.192 to 15.208.124.223 15.208.124.224 to 15.208.124.231 15.208.124.232 to 15.208.124.239 15.208.124.240 to 15.208.124.243 15.208.124.244 to 15.208.124.247 15.208.124.248 to 15.208.124.251 15.208.124.252 to 15.208.124.255 /25 /26 /27 /29 /29 /30 /30 /30 /30 CIDR 60
  • 63. 0-127 128-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet) 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 61
  • 64. VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Problem 36 Part 1 of 3 The school system you are working for is using the private address of 172.32.0.0 to subnet the entire district. Use the Class B address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different schools and offices. At this stage of the problem you are creating sub-subnets with the third octet of the IP address. Remember which octet of the IP address you are working in. School System Address 172.32.0.0 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) North High South High North Middle South Middle Central Elem. Southern Elem. Eastern Elem. Central Office Western Elem. 2,400 2,000 1,200 1,000 550 475 450 400 300 172.32.0.0 to 172.32.15.255 172.32.16.0 to 172.32.23.255 172.32.24.0 to 172.32.31.255 172.32.32.0 to 172.32.35.255 172.32.36.0 to 172.32.39.255 172.32.40.0 to 172.32.41.255 172.32.42.0 to 172.32.43.255 172.32.44.0 to 172.32.45.255 172.32.46.0 to 172.32.47.255 /20 /21 /21 /22 /22 /23 /23 /23 /23 CIDR 62
  • 65. 0-127 128-255 Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) /22 255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts /21 255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts /20 255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts /19 255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts /18 255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts /17 255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts /16 255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /23 255.255.254.0 512 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255 63
  • 66. VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Problem 36 Part 2 of 3 Eastern Elementary has been given 512 hosts, with the address range of 172.32.42.0 / 21 (255.255.248.0). Based on the information below supply the required address ranges and subnet masks for each school area. Use the Class C address chart to break down the sub-subnetworks. Hint: Another way to look at this problem is to see that with the third octet range of 42 to 43 you have access to 2 groups of 255 addresses (172.32.42.0 and 172.32.43.0). Think in terms of having two Class C VLSM charts. Eastern Elementary School Address Range 172.32.42.0 to 172.32.43.255 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) 250 45 40 25 12 /24 /26 /26 /27 /28 CIDR Students Printers Staff NetworkDevices Administrative 172.32.42.0 to 172.32.42.255 172.32.43.0 to 172.32.43.63 172.32.43.64 to 172.32.43.127 172.32.43.128 to 172.32.43.159 172.32.43.160 to 172.32.43.175 64
  • 67. 0-127 128-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet) 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 65
  • 68. VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Problem 36 Part 3 of 3 South High in part 1 of this problem has been given 2,048 hosts, with the address range of 172.32.16.0 / 21 (255.255.248.0). Based on the information below supply the required address ranges and subnet masks for each school area. Use both the Class B and Class C address charts to break down the sub- subnetwork addresses for the different areas of the network. Hint: With this problem you are creating sub-subnets with both the third and fourth octets of the IP address. You may need to use the Class B VLSM chart for the Students addressing information. All the other addresses will be using the Class C VLSM chart. Another way to look at this problem is to see that with the third octect range of 16 to 23 you have access to 8 groups of 255 addresses or eight Class C VLSM charts. South High School Address Range 172.32.16.0 to 172.32.23.255 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) 1,000 250 200 150 50 /22 /24 /24 /24 /26 CIDR Students NetworkDevices Printers Staff Administrative 172.32.16.0 to 172.32.19.255 172.32.20.0 to 172.32.20.255 172.32.21.0 to 172.32.21.255 172.32.22.0 to 172.32.22.255 172.32.23.0 to 172.32.23.63 66
  • 69. 0-127 128-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet) 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 67
  • 70. 68 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) Moskva New York St. Petersburg London Ekaterinoburg Munchen Napoli Birmingham Rotterdam 3,050,000 1,540,000 1,075,000 975,000 525,000 450,000 150,000 130,000 95,000 110.0.0.0 to 110.63.255.255 110.64.0.0 to 110.95.255.255 110.96.0.0 to 110.127.255.255 110.128.0.0 to 110.143.255.255 110.144.0.0 to 110.159.255.255 110.160.0.0 to 110.167.255.255 110.168.0.0 to 110.171.255.255 110.172.0.0 to 110.173.255.255 110.174.0.0 to 110.175.255.255 /10 /11 /11 /12 /12 /13 /14 /15 /15 CIDR VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Problem 37 Part 1 of 3 The company you are working for is using the IP address 110.0.0.0 sub-subneted for multiple offices around the world. Use the Class A address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different offices. At this stage of the problem you are creating sub-subnets with the third octet of the IP address. Remember which octet of the IP address you are working in. Company Address 110.0.0.0
  • 71. 69 Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) 0-127 128-255 /14 255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts /13 255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts /12 255.240.0.0 1,048,576 Hosts /11 255.224.0.0 2,097,152 Hosts /10 255.192.0.0 4,194,304 Hosts /9 255.128.0.0 8,388.608 Hosts /8 255.0.0.0 16,777,216 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /15 255.254.0.0 131,072 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255
  • 72. 70 VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Problem 37 Part 2 of 3 London in part 1 of this problem has been given 1,048,576 hosts, with the address range of 110.128.0.0 to 110.143.255.255 /12 (255.240.0.0). Based on the information below supply the required address ranges and subnet masks for each office. Use the Class B address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different areas of the network. London Address Range 110.128.0.0 to 110.143.255.255 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range (Include subnet & broadcast addresses) Office #1 Office #2 Office #3 Office #4 Office #5 Office #6 Office #7 Office #8 Office #9 6,450 3,780 2,750 2,000 1,000 845 500 450 300 110.128.0.0 to 110.128.31.255 110.128.32.0 to 110.128.47.255 110.128.48.0 to 110.128.63.255 110.128.064.0 to 110.128.71.255 110.128.72.0 to 110.128.75.255 110.128.76.0 to 110.128.79.255 110.128.80.0 to 110.128.81.255 110.128.82.0 to 110.128.83.255 110.128.84.0 to 110.128.85.255 /19 /19 /19 /21 /21 /21 /22 /22 /23 CIDR
  • 73. 71 0-127 128-255 Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) /22 255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts /21 255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts /20 255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts /19 255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts /18 255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts /17 255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts /16 255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /23 255.255.254.0 512 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255
  • 74. 72 VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range 1st Floor 2nd Floor 5th Floor 8th Floor 4th Floor Basement 7th Floor 3rd Floor 6th Floor 125 75 50 45 30 14 12 6 4 110.128.80.0 to 110.128.80.127 110.128.80.128 to 110.128.80.255 110.128.81.0 to 110.128.81.63 110.128.81.64 to 110.128.81.127 110.128.81.128 to 110.128.81.159 110.128.81.160 to 110.128.81.175 110.128.81.176 to 110.128.81.191 110.128.81.192 to 110.128.81.199 110.128.81.200 to 110.128.81.207 /25 /25 /26 /26 /27 /28 /28 /29 /29 CIDR Problem 37 Part 3 of 3 Office #7 in part 2 of this problem has been given 512 hosts, with the address range of 110.128.80.0 / 23 (255.255.254.0). Based on the information below supply the required address ranges and subnet masks for each school area. Use the Class C address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different areas of the network. Hint: Another way to look at this problem is to see that with the third octect range of 80 to 81 you have access to 2 groups of 255 addresses or two Class C VLSM charts. Office #7 Address Range 110.128.80.0 to 110.128.81.255
  • 75. 73 0-127 128-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet) 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255
  • 76. 74 VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Problem 38 Part 1 of 4 Use the Class A address chart to break down the address for different business customers by country. At this stage of this problem you are creating subnets in the second octet of the IP address. Addresses 75.0.0.0 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range United States China Japan Germany Russia Australia Brazil Canda Denmark 6.5 million 4 million 1 million 500,000 455,000 450,000 125,000 90,000 88,000 75.0.0.0 to 75.127.255.255 75.128.0.0 to 75.191.255.255 75.192.0.0 to 75.207.255.255 75.208.0.0 to 75.215.255.255 75.216.0.0 to 75.223.255.255 75.224.0.0 to 75.231.255.255 75.232.0.0 to 75.233.255.255 75.234.0.0 to 75.235.255.255 75.236.0.0 to 75.237.255.255 /9 /10 /12 /13 /13 /13 /15 /15 /15 CIDR
  • 77. 75 Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) 0-127 128-255 /14 255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts /13 255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts /12 255.240.0.0 1,048,576 Hosts /11 255.224.0.0 2,097,152 Hosts /10 255.192.0.0 4,194,304 Hosts /9 255.128.0.0 8,388.608 Hosts /8 255.0.0.0 16,777,216 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /15 255.254.0.0 131,072 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255
  • 78. 76 VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Sample Problem 38 Part 2 of 4 The United States customers have a total of 8,388,608 addresses. Use the Class A address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for their different areas. At this stage of this problem you are creating sub-subnets in the second octet of the IP address. Addresses Range: 75.0.0.0 to 75.127.255.255 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range Client #1 Client #2 Client #3 Client #4 Client #5 Client #6 Client #7 1,950,000 1,000,000 950,000 700,000 550,000 500,000 450,000 75.0.0.0 to 75.31.255.255 75.32.0.0 to 75.47.255.255 75.48.0.0 to 75.63.255.255 75.64.0.0 to 75.79.255.255 75.80.0.0 to 75.95.255.255 75.96.0.0 to 75.103.255.255 75.104.0.0 to 75.111.255.255 /11 /12 /12 /12 /12 /13 /13 CIDR
  • 79. Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) 0-127 128-255 /14 255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts /13 255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts /12 255.240.0.0 1,048,576 Hosts /11 255.224.0.0 2,097,152 Hosts /10 255.192.0.0 4,194,304 Hosts /9 255.128.0.0 8,388.608 Hosts /8 255.0.0.0 16,777,216 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /15 255.254.0.0 131,072 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255 77
  • 80. 78 VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Sample Problem 38 Part 3 of 4 Client #7 has a total of 524,288 addresses. Use the Class B address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for their different clients. At this stage of this problem you are creating sub-subnets in the third or forth octet of the IP address. Hint: Another way to look at this problem is to see that with the second octect range of 104 to 111 you have access to 8 groups of 65,536 addresses or 8 Class B VLSM charts. ISP Addresses 75.104.0.0 to 75.111.255.255 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range Office #1 Office #2 Office #3 Office #4 Office #5 Office #6 Office #7 Office #8 Office #9 60,000 45,000 30,000 24,000 15,000 10,000 8,000 2,000 1,000 75.104.0.0 to 75.104.255.255 75.105.0.0 to 75.105.255.255 75.106.0.0 to 75.106.127.255 75.106.128.0 to 75.106.255.255 75.107.0.0 to 75.107.63.255 75.107.64.0 to 75.107.127.255 75.107.128.0 to 75.107.159.255 75.107.160.0 to 75.107.167.255 75.107.168.0 to 75.107.171.255 /16 /16 /17 /17 /18 /18 /19 /21 /22 CIDR
  • 81. 79 0-127 128-255 Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) /22 255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts /21 255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts /20 255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts /19 255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts /18 255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts /17 255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts /16 255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /23 255.255.254.0 512 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255
  • 82. 80 VLSM with Class A and B Addresses Sample Problem 38 Part 4 of 4 Office #7 from part 3 of 4 has a total of 8,192 addresses. Use the Class B address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different branch offices. At this stage of this problem you are creating sub-subnets in the third octet of the IP address. Hint: Remember that the range of this problem is between 128 and 159 in the third octect. Your subnetting will start in the middle of the chart not at the top for this range. ISP Addresses 75.107.128.0 to 75.107.159.255 Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range Branch #1 Branch #2 Branch #3 Branch #4 Branch #5 4,000 2,000 1,000 500 450 75.107.128.0 to 75.107.143.255 75.107.144.0 to 75.107.151.255 75.107.152.0 to 75.107.155.255 75.107.156.0 to 75.107.159.255 75.107.160.0 to 75.107.161.255 /20 /21 /22 /23 /23 CIDR
  • 83. 81 0-127 128-255 Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) /22 255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts /21 255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts /20 255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts /19 255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts /18 255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts /17 255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts /16 255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /23 255.255.254.0 512 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255 See Hint 158 - 159 156 - 157
  • 84. 82
  • 85. Reference Charts and Support Materials ClassAAddresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
  • 86. Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) 0-127 128-255 /14 255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts /13 255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts /12 255.240.0.0 1,048,576 Hosts /11 255.224.0.0 2,097,152 Hosts /10 255.192.0.0 4,194,304 Hosts /9 255.128.0.0 8,388.608 Hosts /8 255.0.0.0 16,777,216 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /15 255.254.0.0 131,072 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255 84
  • 87. 0-127 128-255 Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet) /22 255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts /21 255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts /20 255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts /19 255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts /18 255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts /17 255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts /16 255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 /23 255.255.254.0 512 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255 0 - 1 2 - 3 4 - 5 6 - 7 8 - 9 10 - 11 12 - 13 14 - 15 16 - 17 18 - 19 20 - 21 22 - 23 24 - 25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33 34 - 35 36 - 37 38 - 39 40 - 41 42 - 43 44 - 45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53 54 - 55 56 - 57 58 - 59 60 - 61 62 - 63 64 - 65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73 74 - 75 76 - 77 78 - 79 80 - 81 82 - 83 84 - 85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93 94 - 95 96 - 97 98 - 99 100 - 101 102 - 103 104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 - 111 112 - 113 114 - 115 116 - 117 118 - 119 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 - 127 128 - 129 130 - 131 132 - 133 134 - 135 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 - 143 144 - 145 146 - 147 148 - 149 150 - 151 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 - 159 160 - 161 162 - 163 164 - 165 166 - 167 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 - 175 176 - 177 178 - 179 180 - 181 182 - 183 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 - 191 192 - 193 194 - 195 196 - 197 198 - 199 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 - 207 208 - 209 210 - 211 212 - 213 214 - 215 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 - 223 224 - 225 226 - 227 228 - 229 230 - 231 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 - 239 240 - 241 242 - 243 244 - 245 246 - 247 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 - 255 85
  • 88. 86 0-127 128-255 Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet) 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 92-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255 /30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts /29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts /28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts /27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts /26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts /25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts /24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 0-7 8-15 16-23 24-31 32-39 40-47 48-55 56-63 64-71 72-79 80-87 88-95 96-103 104-111 112-119 120-127 128-135 136-143 144-151 152-159 160-167 168-175 176-183 184-191 192-199 200-207 208-215 216-223 224-231 232-239 240-247 248-255 0-15 16-31 32-47 48-63 64-79 80-95 96-111 112-127 128-143 144-159 160-175 176-191 192-207 208-223 224-239 240-255 0-63 64-127 128-191 192-255 0 - 255 0-31 32-63 64-95 96-127 128-159 160-191 192-223 224-255
  • 89. Inside Cover # of Bits Borrowed 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Subnet Mask 255.0.0.0 255.128.0.0 255.192.0.0 255.224.0.0 255.240.0.0 255.248.0.0 255.252.0.0 255.254.0.0 255.255.0.0 255.255.128.0 255.255.192.0 255.255.224.0 255.255.240.0 255.255.248.0 255.255.252.0 255.255.254.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.128 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252 Total # of Subnets 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1,024 2,048 4,096 8,192 16,384 32,768 65,536 131,072 262,144 524,288 1,048,576 2,097,152 4,194,304 Total # of Hosts 16,777,216 8,388,608 4,194,304 2,097,152 1,048,576 524,288 262,144 131,072 65,536 32,768 16,384 8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 Usable # of Hosts 16,777,214 8,388,606 4,194,302 2,097,150 1,048,574 524,286 262,142 131,070 65,534 32,766 16,382 8,190 4,094 2,046 1,022 510 254 126 62 30 14 6 2 # of Bits Borrowed 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Subnet Mask 255.255.0.0 255.255.128.0 255.255.192.0 255.255.224.0 255.255.240.0 255.255.248.0 255.255.252.0 255.255.254.0 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.128 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252 Total # of Subnets 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1,024 2,048 4,096 8,192 16,384 Total # of Hosts 65,536 32,768 16,384 8,192 4,096 2,048 1,024 512 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 Usable # of Hosts 65,534 32,766 16,382 8,190 4,094 2,046 1,022 510 254 126 62 30 14 6 2 Class C Addressing Guide # of Bits Borrowed 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.128 255.255.255.192 255.255.255.224 255.255.255.240 255.255.255.248 255.255.255.252 Total # of Subnets 1 2 4 8 16 32 64 Total # of Hosts 256 128 64 32 16 8 4 Usable # of Hosts 254 126 62 30 14 6 2 CIDR /8 /9 /10 /11 /12 /13 /14 /15 /16 /17 /18 /19 /20 /21 /22 /23 /24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 CIDR /16 /17 /18 /19 /20 /21 /22 /23 /24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 CIDR /24 /25 /26 /27 /28 /29 /30 Class B Addressing Guide Class A Addressing Guide 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