![computer graphics & visualization
Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model
Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh
Ray Tracing Algorithm
Image Raytrace (Camera cam, Scene scene, int width, int height)
{
Image image = new Image (width, height) ;
for (int i = 0 ; i < height ; i++)
for (int j = 0 ; j < width ; j++) {
Ray ray = RayThruPixel (cam, i, j) ;
Intersection hit = Intersect (ray, scene) ;
image[i][j] = FindColor (hit) ;
}
return image ;
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/voxel-basedglobal-illumination-130731032746-phpapp02/85/Voxel-based-global-illumination-7-320.jpg)
![computer graphics & visualization
Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model
Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh
Ray Tracing Algorithm
Image Raytrace (Camera cam, Scene scene, int width, int height)
{
Image image = new Image (width, height) ;
for (int i = 0 ; i < height ; i++)
for (int j = 0 ; j < width ; j++) {
Ray ray = RayThruPixel (cam, i, j) ;
Intersection hit = Intersect (ray, scene) ;
image[i][j] = FindColor (hit) ;
}
return image ;
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/voxel-basedglobal-illumination-130731032746-phpapp02/85/Voxel-based-global-illumination-8-320.jpg)
![computer graphics & visualization
Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model
Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh
Ray Tracing Algorithm
Image Raytrace (Camera cam, Scene scene, int width, int height)
{
Image image = new Image (width, height) ;
for (int i = 0 ; i < height ; i++)
for (int j = 0 ; j < width ; j++) {
Ray ray = RayThruPixel (cam, i, j) ;
Intersection hit = Intersect (ray, scene) ;
image[i][j] = FindColor (hit) ;
}
return image ;
}](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/voxel-basedglobal-illumination-130731032746-phpapp02/85/Voxel-based-global-illumination-28-320.jpg)
Voxel based global-illumination
- 1. computer graphics & visualization Voxel-Based Global-Illumination By Thiedemann, Henrich, Grosch, and Müller Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination on a Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh (Morteza), M.Sc. Marc Treib
- 2. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Overview • Illumination • What is voxelization? • Paper’s Voxelization Method • Paper’s Voxel/Ray Intersection Method • Near Global-Illumination Based on Voxel-Model • Results
- 3. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Illumination • Direct Illumination • Indirect Illumination
- 4. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Types of Illumination • Direct Illumination – Reflection can be computed locally (using Normal and Material Specification) – Local Illumination
- 5. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Types of Illumination • Indirect Illumination • The reflected light cannot be computed locally – Global Illumination
- 6. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Ray Tracing
- 7. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Ray Tracing Algorithm Image Raytrace (Camera cam, Scene scene, int width, int height) { Image image = new Image (width, height) ; for (int i = 0 ; i < height ; i++) for (int j = 0 ; j < width ; j++) { Ray ray = RayThruPixel (cam, i, j) ; Intersection hit = Intersect (ray, scene) ; image[i][j] = FindColor (hit) ; } return image ; }
- 8. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Ray Tracing Algorithm Image Raytrace (Camera cam, Scene scene, int width, int height) { Image image = new Image (width, height) ; for (int i = 0 ; i < height ; i++) for (int j = 0 ; j < width ; j++) { Ray ray = RayThruPixel (cam, i, j) ; Intersection hit = Intersect (ray, scene) ; image[i][j] = FindColor (hit) ; } return image ; }
- 9. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Ray Tracing Accelaration • Classification of Accelaration Techniques for ray tracing – Faster ray-object intersections – Fewer Ray-Object Intersections – Fewer Rays
- 10. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh What is voxelization?
- 11. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Types of Voxelization • Binary Voxelization – A cell stores whether geometry is present in this cell or not • Multi-Valued Voxelization – A cell can also stores arbitrary other data like BRDF, normal or Radiance • Boundary Voxelization – Encodes the object surfaces only • Solid Voxelization – Captures the interior of a model
- 12. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Contributions • A new atlas-based voxelization method • An improved ray/voxel intersection test • Real-time near-field illumination with voxel visibility
- 13. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Goal • Computing global illumination in real time, given a large and dynamic scene.
- 14. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Atlas-Based Voxelization (1/5)
- 15. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Atlas-Based Voxelization (2/5)
- 16. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Atlas-Based Voxelization (3/5) • Performance is directly related to the number of rendered vertices • Sufficient atlas-texture resolution
- 17. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Atlas-Based Voxelization (4/5) • Environment – Geforce GTX 295, Intel Core 2 Duo 3.16 Ghz, 4 GB RAM • Performance
- 18. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Atlas-Based Voxelization (5/5) • Pros – No restrictions to the objects – Applicable for dynamics rigid bodies and moderately deforming models • Cons – Each object has to have a texture atlas – Low atlas texture resolution causes holes in voxelization – Not allow strong deformation of the objects
- 19. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Ray Tracing Accelaration • Classification of Accelaration Techniques for ray tracing – Faster ray-object intersections • Efficient intersectors – Fewer Ray-Object Intersections • Bounding Volumes (Boxes, Spheres) • Space Subdivision – Fewer Rays • Adaptive Tree-Depth Control • Stochastic Sampling
- 20. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Hierarchical Ray-Voxel Intersection Test (1/3) • Use a binary voxelized scene representation(Why only in 2-dimensions) • Build a Maximum mip-map hierarchy
- 21. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Hierarchical Ray-Voxel Intersection Test (2/3)
- 22. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Hierarchical Ray-Voxel Intersection Test (2/3)
- 23. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Hierarchical Ray-Voxel Intersection Test (2/3)
- 24. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Hierarchical Ray-Voxel Intersection Test (2/3)
- 25. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Hierarchical Ray-Voxel Intersection Test (2/3)
- 26. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Hierarchical Ray-Voxel Intersection Test (2/3)
- 27. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Hierarchical Ray-Voxel Intersection Test (3/3) • Algorithm
- 28. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Ray Tracing Algorithm Image Raytrace (Camera cam, Scene scene, int width, int height) { Image image = new Image (width, height) ; for (int i = 0 ; i < height ; i++) for (int j = 0 ; j < width ; j++) { Ray ray = RayThruPixel (cam, i, j) ; Intersection hit = Intersect (ray, scene) ; image[i][j] = FindColor (hit) ; } return image ; }
- 29. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Outgoing Radiance 𝐿 𝑜 𝑝, 𝜔 𝑜 = 2𝜋+ 𝑓𝑟 𝑝, 𝜔𝑖, 𝜔 𝑜 𝐿𝑖 𝑝, 𝜔𝑖 cos 𝜃𝑖 𝑑 𝜔 𝑖 BRDF
- 30. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Outgoing Radiance 𝐿 𝑜 𝑝, 𝜔 𝑜 = 2𝜋+ 𝑓𝑟 𝑝, 𝜔𝑖, 𝜔 𝑜 𝐿𝑖 𝑝, 𝜔𝑖 cos 𝜃𝑖 𝑑 𝜔 𝑖 BRDF Outgoing Direction Incoming Direction
- 31. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Monte Carlo Estimator 𝑰 = 𝒂 𝒃 𝒇 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 Monte Carlo Estimator: 𝑰 = 𝒃−𝒂 𝒏 𝒋=𝟏 𝒏 𝒇(𝒙𝒋)
- 32. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Monte Carlo Importance Sampling Monte Carlo Estimator: 𝑰 = 𝒃−𝒂 𝒏 𝒋=𝟏 𝒏 𝒇(𝒙 𝒋) 𝒑(𝒙 𝒋)
- 33. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh 𝐿 𝑜 𝑝, 𝜔 𝑜 = 2𝜋+ 𝑓𝑟 𝑝, 𝜔𝑖, 𝜔 𝑜 𝐿𝑖 𝑝, 𝜔𝑖 cos 𝜃𝑖 𝑑 𝜔 𝑖 Outgoing Radiance 𝐿 𝑜 𝑝, 𝜔 𝑜 = 2𝜋+ 𝑓𝑟 𝑝, 𝜔𝑖, 𝜔 𝑜 𝐿 𝑜 𝑟(𝑝, 𝜔𝑖), −𝜔𝑖 cos 𝜃𝑖 𝑑 𝜔 𝑖 𝐿𝑖 𝑝, 𝜔𝑖 = 𝐿 𝑜 𝑟(𝑝, 𝜔𝑖), −𝜔𝑖
- 34. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh One Bounce is enough!
- 35. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Real-Time Near-Field Single Bounce Indirect Light • Generate RSM (Reflective Shadow Map) for fast near-field illumination • Shoot N rays from x with maximum distance r • Find first intersection point using binary voxelization • Gather direct radiance from RSM
- 36. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Real-Time Near-Field Single Bounce Indirect Light
- 37. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Results (movie)
- 38. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Results • The effect of changing the voxel resolution 32x32x128 (47fps) 64x64x128 (36fps) 128x128x128 (25fps)
- 39. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Results • Voxel-Based Single Bounce illumination with different Radiuses R R = 1.5 (37 fps) R = 4.0 - center (27 fps) R = 4.0 – right (21 fps)
- 40. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Results 2 (Movie)
- 41. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Thank you very much!!! :D
- 42. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh Questions?
- 43. computer graphics & visualization Real-Time Near-Field Global Illumination Based on Voxel Model Seyedmorteza Mostajabodaveh References Reference Name Author TUM’s Computer Graphics Course Slides – 2013 Prof. Westermann, TU-Munich Ray Tracing from Group Up, 2007 by AK Peters Ltd Kevvin Suffern GPU Pro 3, 2012 by CRC Press Wolfgang Engel An Approximate Global-Illumination System for Computer Generated Films Tabellion, E. And Lamorlette, A. Voxel-Based Global Illumination, Proceedings of ACM Symposium on Interactive 3D Graphics and Games 2011 (I3D'11) Thiedemann, Henrich, Grosch, and Müller Voxel-Based Global Illumination slides at Computer Graphics and Image Processing Lab, SNU http://graphics.snu.ac.kr/class/graphics2011/materials/paper09_voxel_gi.pdf Jin Hur, Junhyuk Yoon