Web Introduction
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The document outlines the purpose and development of computer networks within the context of a technopreneurship program at Surya University, emphasizing resource sharing, communication, and data access. It traces the evolution of the internet from its origins in the late 1960s through to the commercialization in the 1990s, highlighting key developments such as the introduction of TCP/IP protocols and the World Wide Web. Additionally, it covers web technology basics, including URLs, IP addresses, domain names, and path structures for website management.
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Web Page Naming (HTML naming Conventions)
All lower-case, no spaces, no special characters
[other than dash ( - ) or underscore ( _ ) ].
products.html
Products.html
products_sept07.html
products sept/07.html
The same applies to the name of folders and sub-
folders within your site.
recommended
ok, but not recommended (esp. in XHTML)
recommended
not recommended](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/7f3ju9btqeujksp1oajp-signature-2d610bd9d39a32d30bb919199434be1f4a0927f91da1bedd78dcdb4c82db21f0-poli-200328150421/85/Web-Introduction-55-320.jpg)
Web Introduction
- 1. CHAPTER 2 1
- 2. Computer Network Program Study Technopreneurship – Surya University 2
- 3. Tujuan Jaringan Komputer 1. Pembagian sumber daya (Sharing Devices) - aplikasi, printer, CPU, memori, harddisk. 2. Komunikasi (Communication) - Voice over IP (VOIP), e-mail, video conferencing, instant messaging, chatting. 3. Akses informasi (Sharing Informasi) - Mempertahankan informasi dan up-to-date. 4. Akses sistem penyimpanan data terpusat ataupun terdistribusi (Sharing Data) Program Study Technopreneurship – Surya University 3
- 7. Internet = Web? The World-Wide Web (WWW or simply the Web) is certainly what most people think of when they see the word “internet.” But the WWW is only a subset of the Internet. The answer is no Internet Web Email Online gaming FTP Can we think of any more applications that run on the internet?
- 8. INTERNET & THE WEB The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP) to serve billions of users worldwide. The Internet is a global data communications system. It is a hardware and software infrastructure that provides connectivity between computers.
- 13. Sejarah Perkembangan Internet • Diawali tahun 1969 oleh Departemen Pertahanan Amerika Serikat dengan nama ARPAnet (US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) -> Jaringan Komputer untuk pertahanan dan keamanan USA. • Sesudahnya, internet mulai digunakan untuk kepentingan akademis dengan menghubungkan beberapa perguruan tinggi, masing-masing UCLA, University of California at Santa Barbara, University of Utah, dan Stanford Research Institute. • Protokol standar TCP/IP mulai diperkenalkan pada tahun 1982, disusul dengan penggunaan sistem DNS (Domain Name Service) pada 1984. Program Study Technopreneurship – Surya University 13
- 14. Sejarah Perkembangan Internet • Pada awalnya, internet hanya menawarkan layanan berbasis teks, meliputi remote access, email/messaging, maupun diskusi melalui Mailing List. • Tahun 1990 -> www (world wide web) • Tahun 1992 -> www browser • Penggunaan internet secara komersial dimulai pada 1994 dipelopori oleh perusahaan Pizza Hut, dan Internet Banking pertama kali diaplikasikan oleh First Virtual. • Setahun kemudian, Compuserve, America Online, dan Prodigy mulai memberikan layanan akses ke Internet bagi masyarakat umum. • Komersial Internet baru masuk Indonesia pada tahun 1994 Program Study Technopreneurship – Surya University 14
- 15. Program Study Technopreneurship – Surya University 15 Kleinrock Internet History Center UCLA Sumber (http://internethistory.ucla.edu/)
- 16. The Future of Information
- 25. Perkembangan Web Program Study Technopreneurship – Surya University 25
- 26. Perkembangan Web Program Study Technopreneurship – Surya University 26
- 28. STATIC WEBSITE = WEB 1.0
- 29. DYNAMIC WEBSITE = WEB 2.0 and BEYOND
- 30. Internet Hardware From The Home Computer To The Local Internet Provider
- 31. 31 Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) Example: http://www.cityu.edu.hk/scm/index.htm Prefix The transfer protocol required to request data from the server Host name Identifies a particular computer somewhere on the Internet Path Identifies a file within a hierarchical directory structure on the server
- 32. SM5312 week 5: web technology basics 32 Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) Example: http://www.cityu.edu.hk/scm/index.htm Prefix The transfer protocol required to request data from the server Host name Identifies a particular computer somewhere on the Internet Path Identifies a file within a hierarchical directory structure on the server
- 33. SM5312 week 5: web technology basics 33 IP Addresses and DNS Every computer connected to the Internet must have a unique IP address, no matter whether it’s a client or a server (or both) An IP address is just a number that identifies a host on the Internet. Example: 212.171.218.34 or 144.214.5.218 The Domain Name System (DNS) is a database that matches IP addresses to host names
- 34. IP Address Program Study Technopreneurship – Surya University 34
- 37. 37 Domain Names And the Domain Name System (DNS) translates host names into IP addresses, which are then used by TCP to establish connections between HTTP clients and servers. Domain names are administered in such a way that they are guaranteed to be unique. Domain names are organised in a hierarchical structure….
- 38. 38 Top Level Domains www.cityu.edu.hk www.cityu.hk www.apple.com Top Level Domain (TLD) Mostly country domains: .uk, .au, .hk, etc. Generic Top Level Domain (gTLD) .com .org .net .biz .info .name .ws .tv(.edu, .gov, .mil restricted to US only)
- 39. 39 Second Level Domains www.cityu.edu.hk www.cityu.hk www.apple.com The actual name of the organisation or service. Can contain letters (a to z), numbers (0 to 9), dashes ( - )
- 40. 40 Third Level, or Sub Domains www.cityu.edu.hk sweb.cityu.edu.hk www.apple.com store.apple.com seminars.apple.com Strings of characters that designate different services, or hosts within the second level domain. E.G. “www” for the core or main website, “sweb” for SCM’s sub-network within CityU.
- 41. 41 Registering Domain Names www.cityu.edu.hk www.cityu.hk www.apple.com Registered with the HKDNR in Hong Kong www.hkdnr.hk Registered with any global registration service networksolutions.com register.com directNIC.com etc.Chinese character domain names now also available
- 42. DNS OVERVIEW
- 44. 44 http://www.cityu.edu.hk/scm/index.htm Paths Prefix The transfer protocol required to request data from the server Host name Identifies a particular computer somewhere on the Internet Path Identifies a file within a hierarchical directory structure on the server
- 45. 45 Paths and Pathnames A pathname shows the hierarchical directory structure and location of a specific file or resource on a server. A directory is represented visually these days as a folder
- 46. 46 Absolute and Relative Paths An absolute path is a path that points to the same location on one file system. It is usually written in reference to a root directory. The root directory is the first or topmost directory in a hierarchy, indicated with a single slash / or backslash . Example: C:Documents and SettingsmnfoxallMy DocumentsMy Files
- 47. 47 Absolute and Relative Paths A relative path is a path relative to the current working directory, so the full absolute path may not need to be shown or referred to. This works for creating websites, because it allows hypertext links to be made between files relative to a pre-defined working directory. That is, they do not have to always reference the root directory or topmost directory on a server (or computer).
- 48. 48 Absolute Paths Example: to hyperlink from index.htm to products.htm If an absolute pathname: <a href=“C:UsersMy%20DocumentsWebsitesCompanyproducts.htm”> C Users My Documents Websites Company index.htm products.htm C
- 49. 49 Relative Paths Example: to hyperlink from index.htm to products.htm If a relative pathname, with /Company defined as the working or site root directory <a href=“products.htm”> C Users My Documents Websites Company index.htm products.htm C root
- 50. 50 Relative Paths To hyperlink from index.htm to logo.jpg <a href=“images/logo.jpg”> My Documents Websites Company images index.htm products.htm logo.jpg root
- 51. 51 My Documents Websites Company catagories index.htm products.htm shoes.htm shirts.htm Relative Paths To hyperlink from shoes.htm to index.htm (i.e. back up one level in the directory hierarchy) <a href=“../index.htm”> root 2 dots and a slash
- 52. 52 Relative Paths for Websites In website development, it’s much easier to use relative paths. A site developed locally on one computer (under an assigned site root directory or folder), is much easier to transfer and manage on the final web server using relative paths. In Dreamweaver, the first thing to do is set up a new site using the ‘Site Definition’ interface. This way, a local ‘site root’ folder can be created to gather and manage all files related to the site.
- 53. 53 Home Page Naming For… http://www.cityu.edu.hk …there must be a default HTML page that is displaying as the home page. In the case of CityU, it is… http://www.cityu.edu.hk/index.html …meaning index.html is the default HTML page in the root directory of the server.
- 54. 54 Home Page Naming Web servers will automatically serve up pages file-named index.html index.htm default.htm default.html …as long as ONE page by those filenames resides in the root directory of your site. If you want to use a page by another name as the home page of the site, you will have to configure the server software to point to that page.
- 55. 55 Web Page Naming (HTML naming Conventions) All lower-case, no spaces, no special characters [other than dash ( - ) or underscore ( _ ) ]. products.html Products.html products_sept07.html products sept/07.html The same applies to the name of folders and sub- folders within your site. recommended ok, but not recommended (esp. in XHTML) recommended not recommended
- 56. SM5312 week 5: web technology basics 56
- 57. TUGAS 2 BLOG Topik : “Trend Internet Dalam Abad 21” DEADLINE Minggu, 21 Maret 2020 PUKUL 23.00