What to Practice for Jazz Improvisation

A language-based
approach to practicing jazz
improvisation
What Should I
Practice?
BY JAZZADVICE.COM

A presentation
By jazzadvice.com

• The 3 main things to focus on when you practice
• How to architect your daily practice
• And if you pay attention, a whole lot more…
What you will learn

Are you ready?
Let’s get started…

Every day we have to ask ourselves…
As a jazz musician,

There seems like a lot…
And it’s easy to feel overwhelmed

BUT When you boil it down,
there are only a few things to focus on

Start by working on your
instrumental technique & tone
EVERY DAY !

Long tones.
Scales.
Etudes.
Whatever.
You decide…
This could mean…
Every day, simply spend at least 15-20 minutes on your tone and technique

there’s one essential goal as a jazz improvisor…
When you think about it,

To play how YOU want to play, over a speciﬁc tune

SO
Everything you do
should help you
achieve this goal

At a high level
There are 3 things to do…

Develop the language you have2

That’s it
( I know it sounds surprising )

Let’s look at
an arial view…

Get more language
to apply to tunes
Apply language it to tunes
Apply developed
language to tunes
Develop more
language for tunes
Move language to development stage
Get more language to develop
Practice a tune
Get more
language
Develop
language
you have

The process is NOT linear
Did you notice?

Single
Married
It’s complicated
ou get more language.
You’re working on tunes at the same time, so you apply the new
language to the tunes you’re working on.
You also develop the new language into your own lines and
concepts by changing it, altering it, combining it with other
things, and improvising with the concept of the line in mind.
You also create brand new concepts, lines, and exercises from
your mind, either inspired or not, by language you learn.
You apply your newly developed language and concepts to
tunes you’re working on.
Then, you get more language. You work on more tunes. You
keep developing the language you know, even old stuff. And
this cycle goes on and on…
Y

Remember the 3 things?
1 Get more language
2 Develop language you have
3 Work on tunes

Let’s take a deep dive
into each…

What is Jazz language
Jazz has a vocabulary that’s been built upon since its inception.
It’s an always evolving entity, passed down aurally from generation to
generation. At any point during the history of the music, performers
looked to what came before them to develop what they were creating;
they learn this vocabulary, this language, of their predecessors and then
expand it based upon their own preferences, experiences, and ideas.
For example, Charlie Parker revolutionized the music, but to do it, he
absorbed the phrases, the sound, the articulation, the vibe, and the
feel…of Lester Young. This “stuff” he focused on was the language of
Lester Young, the language of jazz at the time.
Similarly, Lester Young built upon the language of the players that came
before him. In effect, each generation passes down their language
aurally to the next generation, so the language of jazz is a living entity,
constantly being passed down.
The language is basically: the phrases your heroes play, how they
play them, when they play them, how they develop them, and
how they craft a jazz solo as a whole.
?

But wait…
What about
chords and
scales?

ARE
IMPORTANT
CHORDS AND
SCALES
But they are just the beginning. You must know them.
They are like the times tables. At the beginning of anything,
you have to simply memorize a bunch of information.
The best way to memorize this information is through
visualization. We created a Jazz Visualization eBook
especially for this purpose.
Unfortunately, over the years, scales have become THE way
to improvise, when in reality, scales just give you a
framework to think about the language and melodic ideas
you hear on records and in your mind.

Scales and
chords are tools
But without language, you will not understand how to
construct strong musical phrases from scales and chords. They
are the bottom rung of the ladder. A necessary step, but one
that you can climb high above.
Knowing your C major scale allows you to understand notes
that “work” over a C major chord, or a D minor chord, or a G7
chord, however, it does not teach you the intricacies of how to
play effectively over 2 bars of C major or 8 bars of G7.
And, you need to make sure you understand each chord
as its own entity, not simply a mode of something else. For
example, you need to understand every chord tone on G7 -
instantly know what the 3, 5, #9, #5 or anything thing else
without thinking - and not have to rely on the fact that G7 is the
5th mode of C major. Any thought = Useless information.
If you learn to visualize, you can dramatically speed up the
process of creating each chord-entity in your mind.

The Devil is in the Details
To understand how to use each and every chord tone, and how to
improvise in a melodic way over common jazz progressions, one must
study the jazz language that has come before them. How are strong
phrases constructed in this music? How is the 11th on dominant really
treated? How do you play over a dominant sound that doesn’t resolve
and sound good?
To reiterate, scales and chords are the beginning; simple information
that you memorize, internalize, and then have at your disposal. They do
not teach you how to improvise jazz.
All the answers are on the recordings. Transcribing,
understanding, and building upon language is the key to actually
playing jazz.

And what about
Ear Training?
Ear training is very important and often neglected.
But, like visualizing scales and chord structures, it’s
something that can be done away from your
instrument, on the go.
In fact, we created a resource for this as well that you
may want to check out. It’s called The Ear Training
Method. It’s over 20 hours of audio and contains all
the exercises you need to do in a logical order. It
walks you through each and every one.
It’s basically like having a private ear training coach
in your pocket.
Is it magical? No. It’s simple, straightforward, and
repetitive. That’s how ears are trained. Through
repetition of basic sounds.
Now, if you prefer to do this work on your own, make
sure to checkout the ear training articles on
Jazzadvice.

Now that we got that cleared up…
Back to Jazz language

Getting Jazz language
The key to speaking a language ﬂuently is developing a
vocabulary. A vocabulary that you know inside and out.
The more words and phrases you know, the more ideas
and feelings you can communicate. And eventually, the easier
it’ll be to have a conversation.
The same is true of improvising. You need to develop a
vocabulary of key words, phrases, and sentences that you can
use in everyday situations, a musical vocabulary that consists of
language you’ve learned over diﬀerent chords and chord
progressions.
As a jazz musician, the building blocks of your musical
vocabulary begin with four sounds:
Major
minor
Dominant (V7)
Half-diminished (Ø7)

Building your arsenal
You can quickly see how beneﬁcial it is to focus intently on these
sounds. If you can develop language over these four basic
chords in all 12 keys, you will have improvisatory material
for all occasions. Of course, there are many other types of
chords (Major7#11, V7#5, sus chords, minor-major 7,
diminished, augmented, etc.), but these are all primarily variations
of the basic chord types, chords that you can focus on after
you’ve mastered the basics.
When you go to practice, think about: How many pieces of
language do you have for each chord sound? Or another way to
think about it is, how many ways to improvise do I have for a
particular chord?
Whichever chord sound has the least amount of language, focus
there. Aim to have at least 3 pieces of language for each, and
eventually, acquire 10.

Expanding your
vocabulary After the 4 basic sounds, you can combine them to get language
over common chord progressions. These are things like:
ii V or ii V I
iii Vi ii V or I Vi ii V
And anything else that you observe as common in the tunes you’re
studying.
Remember, things are not cut and dry. You can get language for a
minor chord. You can get language for a dominant chord. You can
get language for a ii V progression. You can go further by getting
language for particular lengths, for instance, a ii V for one measure,
or a ii V for two measures, or a dominant chord for two measures,
or a major chord for one measure.
As you study this music, you need to see what makes sense
to you. How do YOU conceptualize what you’re studying?
How do YOU interpret what your heroes are doing? How can
YOU best understand it so you can make use of the
information?

The Process:
To get new language you:
1. Listen to your heroes
2. Find a phrase that grabs your attention
3. Listen to it over and over and over an over and…over again
4. Put it into Transcribe Software if you want to slow it down
5. Try to sing the phrase and understand what’s happening
6. Once you can sing it, play it on your instrument
7. Get it up to speed on your instrument with the recording
8. Play it without the recording
9. Figure out what chord(s) the phrase is over
10. Play the phrase in all 12 keys

Or, get specific language
To get speciﬁc new language you:
1. Listen to your heroes
2. Find a phrase that grabs your attention, over a chord you know to be the sound you want language for
3. Listen to it over and over and over an over and…over again
4. Put it into Transcribe if you want to slow it down
5. Try to sing the phrase and understand what’s happening
6. Once you can sing it, play it on your instrument
7. Get it up to speed on your instrument with the recording
8. Play it without the recording
9. Play the phrase in all 12 keys
*You know what chord the phrase is over because you
A.) Know the chord progression already or…
B.) Can hear the places in the solo that use the chord sound you want language for

Or, just transcribe a
whole solo
A whole solo, or a chorus from a solo, is obviously
packed full of language for all the chord types
you’re going to encounter. This is one of the fastest,
albeit one of the most difﬁcult, ways to amass a lot of
language quickly.
If you choose to go this route, make sure you go beyond
just transcribing the solo. Isolate the language for the
different chord types, practice it in all keys, develop the
language, and practice using it with the tunes you’re
working on.

All this talk of
transcribing…
Transcribing is continuously touted as the “secret” to
learning improvisation. Jazz musicians and educators
constantly talk about transcribing, but it seems that there’s a
conflict in what actually is meant by the word transcribe, as
well as the reason behind doing it.
The one aspect of transcription that vastly improves
your musicianship is the process of figuring out a solo,
a chorus, or a phrase by ear. Truly hearing the intervals,
chords, and articulation of a solo and internalizing them.
Instead of figuring out a line note by note and going directly
to the paper, you should sing the line and play it on your
instrument repeatedly.
Not only will you immediately begin to memorize the solo,
but you’ll begin to improve your ears; learning to hear chord
tones, progressions and intervals along the way. Essentially,
developing a skill necessary to all improvisers: learning how
to play what you’re hearing.
Through my own trial and error, I have realized that, aside
from the benefit of ear training, the single most important
reason to transcribe is to learn the jazz language, from it’s
structure and phrases to it’s inflection and articulation.
Hear it, imitate it, internalize it, and eventually innovate upon
it. We commonly refer to this process as “transcription,” but
the painful irony is that all of the above steps don’t involve
writing – not even a single pen stroke. So why even call it
transcribing?

Getting New Language
Resources on jazzadvice.com
Articles about language
Articles about transcribing

To develop
1. to bring out the capabilities or possibilities of; bring to a more
advanced or effective state: to develop natural resources; to
develop one's musical talent.
2. to cause to grow or expand: to develop one's muscles.
3. to elaborate or expand in detail: to develop a theory.
4. to bring into being or activity; generate; evolve.
verb (used with object)

The whole point of developing the language you have is
to actually learn how to improvise with it instead of
playing it note-for-note all the time.
Behind every line you transcribe lies an infinite possibility for
improvisatory material. The keys are: understanding the
concept behind the line, coming up with your own takes of the
line, and experimenting with varying the line in real-time.
This process and knowledge teaches you how to be flexible
with the language you’re acquiring; it bridges the gap between
cutting-and-pasting a line into a specific spot of a chord
progression (which is a good way to start using a line) and
actually improvising.
START HERE
Cut-and-paste
EVENTUALLY GET HERE
Improvise using the concept, the
idea, the shape, the rhythm, or the
feel of the language in real-time

Develop your language
1. Evaluate what language have
2. Choose a line and make sure you’ve mastered it in all keys
3. Now develop it
• Vary and modify the line
• Extract parts of it and build upon them
• Combine the line with other lines
• Create new lines from it
• Understand the concept behind line
• Improvise with concept in mind
• Create new concepts similar to the concept behind the line
To develop it try these ideas:

Creating language
You can also create lines and concepts that are not inspired by
language or something you’ve transcribed.
It’s a good idea to often use stuff you’ve transcribed as inspiration for your
own creations because then it builds upon the jazz language and it will likely
contain strong melodic elements.
However, nothing says you can’t create something straight from your own
mind and you should experiment with this.
Do both. Develop language that you’ve transcribed into something you can
call your own and create lines, concepts, and exercises straight from your
mind.
If you’ve been listening, transcribing, and immersing yourself in the
jazz language, then the stuﬀ you come up with on your own will
express this inﬂuence.
There are no rules.

Developing Language
Articles about language
Articles about transcribing
Articles about concepts

Learn the melody of a tune straight
from the recording

AND
Learn the chord changes
straight from the recording
This is only possible if you develop your ear to hear the chords. You begin by
hearing the bass note, then you hear the quality of the chord. You continue in
this manner to determine the entire progression.
Grab The Ear Training Method to develop the necessary skills and see the
article links at the end of this section for further help.

Play the chords at
the Piano
This doesn’t have to be fancy. Simpliﬁed two-note voicings are ﬁne. the
point is, you understand what’s happening harmonically in a tune. Without
that knowledge, aural sense, and understanding, you’re truly in the dark.

Visualize the chords
To quickly and eﬀectively learn the chords and scales to a tune,
visualize them. Remember from earlier, chords and scales are bottom
rung of the ladder. A necessary fundamental step, but, one you want
to climb high above.
Do not get lost in endlessly practicing the scales. Improvisation is not
running up and down scales or randomly choosing notes from a
scale. Review the section about chords and scales if this doesn’t
quite make sense. But, I think you probably get it by now…
Click here to see the Visualization eBook

Basic Exercises
1. Play guide-tones (3 and 7) through the chord changes in half notes
and/or quarter notes in a melodic way. By a “melodic way” I mean, a way
that sounds musical. Think of it as playing music and not as an exercise.
Make a musical statement and play with a beautiful sound.
2. Play only lower structure chord tones (1 3 5 7) through the chord
changes in half notes and/or quarter notes in a melodic way
3. Play any chord tones (1 3 5 7 9 11 13 and alterations) through the
chord changes in half notes and/or quarter notes in a melodic way
4. Make up your own exercises similar to these. The goal is to get
comfortable with the changes.

Apply Language
1. Apply a piece of language you have worked on to a specific part of the tune
where it fits. Make sure to find all the instance it fits in. Literally start by cut-and-
pasting it into the places it works. After you can use it easily, then learn how to
vary and improvise with it.
What you’re doing here is teaching your mind and body different new ways to
approach parts of the changes. At first it’s very structured and constrained, which
with mastery, leads you to freedom with the changes.
2. Improvise with the concept of the language in mind over these sections.
3. Apply another piece of language and then improvise with that concept in mind
4. Improvise over the tune. For difficult spots, transcribe more language for those
situations. Study it and apply it.
This is the key step to getting beyond chords and scales

Tune Recap
1. Learn the melody from the recording
2. Learn the chords from the recording
3. Play the chords at the piano
4. Visualize the chords
5. Play basic exercises in a melodic way
6. Apply language and concepts
7. Isolate difficult sections and find/study language for them
8. Improvise. Improvise some more.
9. To strengthen your understanding of a tune and improve at it,
repeat steps 1-8 indefinitely for a lifetime
10. Don’t go crazy in the process

Practicing Tunes
Articles about tunes

How does this all ﬁt into daily practice?
SO

Your daily practice should focus on ONE primary thing.

But the primary focus is still that one thing even though you may be
working on multiple things.
You take the one primary thing you’re working on and do even more with it.
If you have time…

You start from only ONE:
Get new language
or
Develop language you have
or
Work on a Tune

Your goal is to master
one thing.
(Spending at least an hour on one
thing is a good idea)

Every day…
You should be able to explain how you are
better today than you were yesterday.
This was me yesterday
This is me today

You should be
able to say…
Yesterday I couldn’t do this…
Yesterday, I didn’t know this…
Yesterday, I wasn’t as good at this…

It might sound like this…
Yesterday I didn’t know this piece of
language over a minor chord. Now I
know it in all keys.
Yay me. I’m a badass.
“

Or this…
Yesterday I had no concepts of how to
play over a major chord except thinking
about the chord and scale.
Today I learned a piece of major
language and I understand the concept
behind it.
Now I have a new concept of how to
improvise over a major chord. I
pretty much rock.
“

Or this…
Yesterday I played the same piece of
language every time I got to a ii V.
Today I took the ii V that I play over and
over and varied it. I came up with new
ways of playing it.
Now I don’t play the same thing
every time and I understand how to
improvise with the ii V language that
I have. I’m the $&*%!
“

If you have more time and feel like you’ve got a handle on
the material, then you take that material to one of the
other areas.

If you were getting new language, you could then…
develop that language
or
apply that language to a tune you’re working on

If you were developing language, you could then…
Master the new language you came up with,
in all keys
or
Apply that new language to a tune

If you were working on a tune, you could then…
Get new language to apply to the tune
OR
Apply language you’ve developed or
concepts you’ve come up with to the
tune.

Remember how it all
fits together?

SO your practice might look like this:
FOCUS ON GETTING NEW LANGUAGE:
Instrument specific tone and technique practice - 15 min
Transcribe a line 20 - 30 min
You heard Miles Davis play a phrase that you liked. So, you
decide to grab that piece of language and add it to your
arsenal.
Learn it directly on your horn from the recording and figure
out what chord it’s being played over. This is the process of
transcribing.
Take the line through all keys 20 - 30 min
Supposing the line was being played over B minor, now
take the line through all keys, playing it on every minor
chord.
Work on the line some more 15 - 20 min
Aim to get complete freedom with it and also understand
the concept behind the line
Now if you have more time, take the line and apply it to a
tune you’re working on. Think about things like:
How can I use it in this tune?
Where specifically can I use it?
How can I use the concept from this line in this tune?
How can I change this line and build upon it?
Or instead of applying it to a tune with your extra time, you
could instead, develop the line:
How can I vary the line in a musical way?
How can improvise with the concept of the line?
Can I create a line inspired by this line?
Can I create a concept inspired by the concept of the line?
Can I extract parts of the line for new lines?
Get creative!
Remember, you’re aiming for
mastery. If the language isn’t
mastered, it’s time wasted.

Or start from developing language…
FOCUS ON DEVELOPING LANGUAGE:
Instrument speciﬁc tone and technique practice - 15 min
Get facility with the original line 15 min
Take it through all keys
Create variations of the line 20 -30 min
How can I modify the line in a musical way?
Can I alter it?
Can I extract pieces of it?
Can I shorten, or lengthen it?
Can I extract the rhythm?
Can I combine it with other things I know?
Can I use it in other harmonic situations?
Get more creative…
Understand the concept behind the line 20 -30 min
What’s going on here?
What was the soloist thinking as best I can tell?
What makes this line unique?
Write out new lines based upon this concept
Improvise new lines based upon this concept
On another day, instead of starting from a transcribed line, try
starting from creating your own thing:
Create a new line, concept, or exercise 20 - 30 min
Do this straight from your mind. That’s right, you don’t
necessarily need to always use transcribed material to
inspire what you create.
It may be inadvertently inspired by something you
transcribed, or maybe it’s just an idea you had, maybe it’s
something theoretical. Doesn’t matter. Just make sure it
sounds good to you. Your EAR is the ﬁnal judge, not music
theory or any rule.
Now if you have time, you can take your new lines and
concepts and apply them to tunes you’re working on
How can I use it in this tune?
Where can I use it?
How can I use the concept from this line in this tune?
How can I change this line and build upon it and apply it to
this tune?
etc…

Or start from working on tunes…
FOCUS ON A TUNE:
Learn melody and chords 30 - 60 min at least
Note: this step, and all these steps, take multiple days to
really make an impact because there’s a lot to learn.
Learn the melody straight from the recording with your
instrument. Then, learn the chord changes straight from the
recording. Use the recommended articles in the tunes
section to see the detailed process.
Play chord voicings at piano 20 - 30 min
You can do this on another day if you like once you
successfully learn the melody and chord changes from the
recording.
These can be simplified two-note voicings. Doesn’t have to
be fancy. The point is to understand the harmony and to
really hear the changes.
Visualize the chord symbols (not during practice)
This is a vital step but do it when you’re not practicing.
Make sure to see the eBook for help.
Play guide-tones (3 and 7) 10 -15 min
On another practice day if you like, once you have figured
out the melody and chords and played them at the piano,
work on these basic exercises and begin to apply
language.
Play guide tones through the chord changes in half notes
and/or quarter notes in a melodic way.
Play only chord tones 10 - 15 min
Through the chord changes in half notes and/or quarter
notes in a melodic way. Then, create other simple exercise
like this to gain comfort with the chord changes.
Apply language to the tune 30 min or more
Start by cut-and-pasting the language into spots that it fits
in. Eventually learn to Improvise over the tune with the
concept of the language in mind.
Then, apply another piece of language and then improvise
with that concept in mind

working on tunes continued…
Once you have:
• Learned the melody and chord changes
• Played the chord changes at the piano
• Visualized the changes in your spare time
• Understand all the necessary chords and scales
• Have played basic chord tone exercises
• Applied language and concepts
Now, Just Improvise over the tune 30 min or more
As you can see, it takes a lot of study on a tune to get it to
the point where you have attained a solid enough
understating of it to begin improvising over it in a
meaningful way.
As you plan your practice out over the span of a week,
which you’ll see in a moment, you’ll want to spread out the
study of a tune over a period of days instead of trying to
cram too much into one.
If you have more time in your tune-practice-session, go get
new language for parts of the tunes that are giving you
diﬃculty. For example, if there are 4 measures that are really
hard for you, go transcribe what your favorite player plays
there and study it.

And what should I do
tomorrow?
I like to think about my practice in week long
segments and then divide it up into daily practice
as we just looked at.
Let’s see what a week might look like…
ANNIE PIC

Weekly Practice Plan
This Week’s Material
Tune(s) I’m working on: All The Things You Are, Blues in F
Language to develop: Sonny Rollins ii V, minor line I made up
New language to get: Miles Davis dominant line in Freddie Freeloader
ANNIE PIC
Start by listing out what material you’re tackling
Then, depending upon your schedule, divide the material
up into daily practice as illustrated before. Your goal is to
master all the week’s material.
Notice the whole week’s material is not that much. Any
more and you may not reach a level of mastery with the
material.
Spend more time on less and you’ll get deeper into what
you’re studying.
Remember, you’re aiming for mastery. If it isn’t
mastered, it’s time wasted.

NOTICE…
No matter where you start… You can hit all 3 areas
while still keeping your narrow focus on one primary
thing because they’re all so closely related.

Lots of dead birds. One stone.

A few more things to
think about…

*Assuming you’ve got chords and scales down to
the point that you don’t need to think about them.
(So, if I said “What’s the 3rd of Ab7, the #5 of Eb7,
the 13th of C#-, the #11 of Db major” you know
the answers instantly and where the notes are
located on your instrument.)
If you don’t have language, then all you have
to improvise from is knowledge of chords and
scales.
That’s why we
GET MORE LANGUAGE

If you don’t learn tunes from recordings you
won’t have an aural sense of what the tune’s
progression actually sounds like and you won’t
have a comfortable vehicle to improvise over.
That’s why we Learn
tunes STRAIGHT from
recordings

If you don’t practice applying your
language and concepts to tunes, you’ll
have difﬁculty improvising with them in
real-time and will have to resort to just the
chords and scales.
That’s why we APPLY
everything to tunes

Did you learn something?
SO…

What do you do before you begin to work
on jazz improvisation related stuﬀ in your
practice?
QUESTION #1

What are the 3 high level things that you
can choose to work on?
QUESTION #2

Where do scales and chords ﬁt into the picture?
QUESTION #3

What’s the best way to learn and internalize
chords and scales?
QUESTION #4

Where does ear training ﬁt in?
QUESTION #5

What’s the best way to train your ears?
QUESTION #6

What is jazz language?
QUESTION #7

Why is jazz language important?
QUESTION #8

How do you acquire jazz language?
QUESTION #9

What does it mean to develop the jazz
language that you have?
QUESTION #10

Is it OK to create your own lines or concepts that
are not inspired by something you transcribed?
QUESTION #11

What do you do with language you learn
and develop?
QUESTION #12

What’s the best way to learn the
melody to a tune?
QUESTION #13

What’s the best way to learn the chord
changes to a tune?
QUESTION #14

How do you work on improvising over a tune?
QUESTION #15

Describe the relationship between learning
language, developing language, and working
on tunes…
QUESTION #16

Is the process linear or is it more
complicated than that?
QUESTION #17

How do you go about turning these concepts
into a daily practice?
QUESTION #18

Is it possible to stay focused on one thing
during your practice while still working on
multiple things? How?
QUESTION #19

Brief Answers
1. Practice your instrument speciﬁcs like tone and technique
2. Get new language, Develop Language, Work on a tune
3. They’re necessary to know. They must be burned into your
mind on a deep level so you can get beyond them.
4. Visualization. The eBook speeds the process up.
5. It’s necessary. Do it in your spare time.
6. On the go. Use The Ear Training Method for on-the-go
tracks.
7. The phrases of your heroes, how they play them, when
they play them, why they play them, how they create a
solo as a whole
8. It teaches you how to construct strong jazz melodies, it
trains your ear and your ﬁngers in the jazz style, it allows
you to learn as an apprentice to your heroes, it gives you
ideas of how to approach every chord and progression, it
gives you material to inspire your own style, it gives you a
model to work from
9. Transcribing phrases, choruses, and solos of your heroes.
You learn everything straight from the recording with your
instrument.
10. To build upon it, to modify it, to change it, to alter it, to
understand the concept behind it and to use it as a basis
for new material.
11. Yes. There are no rules, just tools.
12. Apply it to tunes and learn to actually improvise with it.
13. Straight from the recording
14. Straight from the recording
15. Play chords at piano, simple chord tone exercises,
applying language and concepts to parts of it
16. Learn language, develop it, apply it to tunes. Find
language for hard parts of tunes.
17. It’s complicated. You can start from anywhere and hit all 3
areas because they all overlap.
18. Focus on one primary thing and master it
19. Yes. If you have time, you can take the material you’re
working on into one of the other two areas.
20. jazzadvice.com duh
*For more in-depth answers, review the presentation

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