Whchap21student 150416145613-conversion-gate01
- 1. Chapter 21 Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500 - 1800 Section 1 Spain’s Empire and European Absolutism
- 2. A Powerful Spanish Empire ___________from Spain ruled Holy Roman Empire Left throne in 1556 Split Empire Brother Ferdinand received Austria and Holy Roman Empire ___________got Spain
- 3. ___________expanded into Portugal, parts of Africa, India, and the East Indies Invaded England Failed
- 4. Spain’s wealth kept Spain from looking ___________ Wealth from colonies Philip wanted his palace to show luxury and power Defender of ___________
- 5. Golden Age of Spanish Art and Literature ___________, a Greek painter in Spain. Religious artist Painter ___________reflected pride of Monarchy
- 6. Don Quixote de la Mancha, written in 1605 Wrote about a poor man who read too many stories about knights.
- 7. The Spanish Empire Weakens Because of ___________: Prices constantly ___________ Spaniards bought goods from other places Unfair ___________ Poor couldn’t save money Spain borrowed money from other countries to pay for wars Other countries made money
- 8. Spain lost land 1579, seven provinces declared independence from Spain
- 9. The Independent Dutch Prosper ___________ Practice religious tolerance Each province had an elected leader Dutch merchants gained ___________ Largest fleet of merchant ships in the world Important bankers
- 10. Absolutism in Europe ___________ wanted to control lives Absolute monarchs God gives them right to rule ___________ – absolute rule
- 11. Chapter 21 Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500 - 1800 Section 2 The Reign of Louis XIV
- 12. Religious Wars and Power Struggles France had ____ religious wars between _______________&__________________ from 1562 to 1598 1589, Protestant prince, Henry of Navarre, became ______________________ Became a Catholic ______________________ gave Huguenots—French Protestants— the right to live in peace and have their own churches King Henry IV rebuilt the French economy and brought peace
- 13. Henry’s son, ___________was a weak king Cardinal Richelieu ruled the king’s land Increased Royal Power ______________________worked for the government Lowered nobles’ power
- 14. Writers Turn Toward Skepticism Thinkers wrote using______________________ Doubting old ideas was the first step to learning the truth,
- 15. Louis XIV Comes to Power 1643___________ became king at the age of about five. Cardinal ruled for King until he was 22 Kept nobles out of government Increased government wealth
- 16. ______________________, tried to build French industry. Persuaded people to buy French good and move to New France ___________ trade in Americas brought $$$ to France
- 17. Sun King’s Grand Style Life of Luxury
- 18. Louis made___________most powerful Lost some expensive wars Poor harvests 1700 – _________________________________ France and Spain tried to unite Europe united to fight them Lost land and colonies to England
- 19. Chapter 21 Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500 - 1800 Section 3 Central European Monarchs Clash
- 20. Thirty Years’ War 1618, Catholics Vs. Protestants in Europe 1648, Peace of ________________ __ Peace treaty weakened power of Austria and Spain New way of peace - Treaty
- 21. States Form Central Europe ruled Austria, Hungary, and Bohemia Maria Theresa was Empress in 1700s
- 22. Prussia Challenges Austria Hohenzollerns ruled Prussia 1740, _____________________ _ invaded part of Austria Fought again 1756, Seven Years War Prussia and Britain won against Austria, France, and Russia
- 23. Chapter 21 Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500 - 1800 Section 4 Absolute Rulers of Russia
- 24. The First Czar 1533____________ ________________ ____ took control when he was 3 ___________ (landowners) tried to control him unsuccessfully Added lands and laws to Russia
- 25. After wife, ___________, died, became very harsh Thought she was poisoned Ivan used___________to kill enemies Even his oldest son
- 26. After Ivan the Terrible, Russian rulers chose ______________________ (Son of Anastasias nephew) Began ____________________ which ruled for 300 years
- 27. Peter the Great Comes to Power Late 1600s___________ was one of Russia's greatest rulers Called __________________ Increased power First time a czar traveled to Western Europe to learn about technology
- 28. Russia had ___________ Landowners owned land and the serfs (slaves) that lived on it
- 29. Peter Rules Absolutely Peter increased power Bigger, better army Peter ___________Russia Used west as model for change
- 30. Peter’s Accomplishments Brought Potatoes to Russia More Social Status to Women Fought Sweden to gain a port to travel to West
- 31. Chapter 21 Absolute Monarchs in Europe 1500 - 1800 Section 5 Parliament Limits the English Monarchy
- 32. ____________________ __ an assembly of the representatives of a political nation or people, often the supreme legislative authority
- 33. Monarchs Defy Parliament 1603, King of Scotland, ___________, became king of England Began struggles with ___________ James was Catholic Parliament was Puritan
- 34. 1625, ___________ becomes king More conflict with Parliament 1628, ___________ forced Charles to sign Petition of Right Forced king to be governed by ___________
- 35. 1629,Charles disbanded the Parliament Began Charles “Personal Rule” Charles needed $ for war with Scotland Passed laws to limit Charles’ power 1642, ______________________
- 36. 1642 – 1649, ___________ Charles I and Royalists Vs. Parliament and allies (Puritans) Charles taken to court and executed for ___________
- 37. Cromwell became ________________________________ After Cromwell’s death, government collapsed ___________ asked Charles’s son to rule 1660, Charles II rules England in Era of Restoration
- 38. Restoration and Revolution Guaranteed freedom Gave every prisoner the _________________ _ Monarchs could not put people in jail for opposing them
- 39. 1685, Charles II died, his brother ___________________ King James II was ___________ Parliament was afraid he would restore ___________
- 40. 1688, Parliament contacted James daughter, _________ Parliament wanted Mary’s husband, _________________ James fled to France