working drawing basic
- 2. Phases of a Project (from Concept to Construction) • I. SD: Schematic Design / Programmatic (Feasibility Study) • II. DD: Design Development • III. CD: Contract Documentation • IV. BID: Bidding & Contract Negotiation • V. CA: Construction Administration
- 3. Phases of a Project (from Concept to Construction) • I. SD: Schematic Design / Programmatic Design • - Are the client’s expectations for the project real? • - Site/Existing Building constraints… Design & Construction Costs… • - Develop information to focus the project’s intended program… • - Building code analysis / Program definition and relationships • - Develop design options for the project… • - Cost Estimate (sometimes for multiple design options) • II. DD: Design Development • - Client typically chooses one design option to continue forward with… • - Develop overall understanding of project scope for the client’s understanding and get approval for the main design intentions.
- 4. Phases of a Project (from Concept to Construction) • III. CD: Contract Documentation • - Develop written and graphic documents that “communicate” how to construct a Design. • - This document establishes the contract between Owner & Contractor(s). • IV. BID: Bidding & Contract Negotiation (btwn Owner & Contractors) • - The Bidding phase typically lasts from 3 weeks to a month. • - The Designer may issue Addendums to the Bid Set, typ. up to 1 week prior to when the Bids are due. A specific due date & time are set for ALL Contactors to submit their bid. • V. CA: Construction Administration Typical responsibilities of the designer during this phase: • - Approve Shop Drawings submitted by Contractor • - Process RFI (Request for Information) & issue Construction Sketches to clarify issues. • - Attend Construction Meetings with Owner, Designer, Design Consultants, Contractor & Sub-Contractors. • - Responsibilities may include writing Meeting Minutes documenting process and decisions.
- 5. The components of Construction Documents are introduced as a combination of graphic and written parts that are intended to be used together for documenting a building’s design for construction: • – CD Specifications = Define the Quality • • These are used to focus on workmanship, allowable tolerances, and standards of quality in materials and installations. • • These may be included in a separate book, often referred to as the Project Manual. • – CD Drawings = Define the Quantity • • These are used to communicate the extent, size, location, and relationship of elements to each other and to existing building components. • • Schedules: • – These are used to describe the type, finish, and location of materials and objects in relationship to the Drawings. • – Schedules provide a link in many ways between Drawings and Specifications. • – They are typically written in a ‘matrix’ or list format, because this format can record great amounts of information in a small, easily referenced area. • • It is important to note that CD Drawings and Specifications should complement one another, NOT duplicate each others information.
- 6. CD Specifications The main purposes of a “specification” is to describe in writing: • Type and quality of materials and finishes • Quality and method of construction and installation The Construction Specifications Institute (CSI) has established a format for the organization of information in the building industry. This Master Format is used to catalog information and is also used to organize information in a set of specifications. • A single method for organization means that all involved with the building industry, whether design professional, product manufacturer, or contractor can easily find and place information. Each Division is divided into 3-parts: • General - applicable standards, related documents and specification sections • Products - acceptable manufacturers, required properties • Execution - installation requirements CSI Organizational Format: Division 01-00-00 General Data Division 02-00-00 Existing Conditions Division 03-00-00 Concrete Division 04-00-00 Masonry Division 05-00-00 Metals Division 06-00-00 Wood and Plastics Division 07-00-00 Thermal and Moisture Protection Division 08-00-00 Doors and Windows Division 09-00-00 Finishes Division 10-00-00 Specialties Division 11-00-00 Equipment Division 12-00-00 Furnishings Division 13-00-00 Special Construction Division 14-00-00 Conveying Systems Division ##-00-00 Additional sections for Mechanical, Electrical, Plumbing, Earthwork
- 7. Set Organization Define the Drawings/Information in the Set: Part 1: COVER SHEET Part 2 – Plan Types: • BUILDING PLAN • REFLECTED CEILNG PLAN • FINISH PLAN • FURNITURE LOCATION PLAN • POWER PLAN (if needed) Part 3: BUILDING ELEVATIONS • BUILDING SECTIONS • INTERIOR ELEVATIONS Part 4: • DETAILS • SCHEDULES
- 8. Sheet Composition Example of COVER Sheet for CD Set: - Title Block (2” wide) on right side of sheet (Similar info for all drawing sheets) - Cover Sheet Info: General Notes, Legend, Sheet Index, Design Factors/Codes, Abbreviations, Site Plan, Key Plan, Creative Images (Owner Logo/Product, Perspective, Detail Drawing).
- 10. Thank you!