Working with Microsoft Windows in details

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Working with Microsoft Windows

Objectives
 Microsoft Windows
 Basic Mouse operations
 Logging on to Windows
 Starting an application
 Switching between Windows
 Files
 Drives
 Creating folders
 Copying and moving files and folders
 Renaming and deleting files and folders
 Restoring deleted files
 Searching a file or folder

Introduction to Microsoft Windows
Windows is the most widely used operating system. It provides Graphical User Interface
(GUI), virtual memory management, multi-tasking and support for many peripheral
devices.
Features of MS Windows
 GUI Operating System
 Multi-tasking Operating System
 Ease of Use
 Reliability
 Speed
 True Web Integration

Basic Mouse Operations
A mouse is required for any GUI-based operating system. It controls the movement of the
cursor or pointer on the display screen.
 Point
 Click
 Double Click
 Right Click
 Drag

Continued…
 Point
Point is used to target a particular picture (icon) on the screen and perform a
particular action.
 Click
Click is an action used to launch an application using the menu . To select an icon,
tap the left button of the mouse, i.e. press and release immediately.

Continued…
 Double Click
This is the action to launch an application using an icon Double Click is to press the left
mouse button two times in succession.
 Right Click
Right click is the action that you perform when you press the right button on the mouse
and release it. In Windows, the right mouse button allows you to view the properties of
a file, folder or other objects.
 Drag
Drag is the action that you perform when you press the left mouse button and move it,
while it is still pressed.

Logging on to Windows XP

Logging on to Windows XP
When the computer is switched on, Windows starts automatically.
Once the computer is started, the first screen which appears is the login screen where you
need to enter your ‘username’ and ‘password’. Only then, will you be authorised to use the
network to which the computer is connected.

Components of Windows XP Screen

Continued…
 Desktop
The entire screen, which displays once you log in, is called the desktop.
 Taskbar
It is the bar present at the bottom of the screen which contains the ‘Start’ button on the
left. There are several buttons on the right side of the taskbar, for instance, Date/Time,
Volume Control and so on.
 Icons
The pictures which display on the screen are called icons.
The icons which are displayed by default are
 My Computer
 My Network Places
 Inbox
 Recycle Bin
 Internet Explorer

Most Widely used Icons
 My Computer
It displays all the resources available in the computer.
 My Network Places
My Network Places contains Workgroups, servers, shared folders and printers. When
you double click the icon My Network Places, it displays the names of all the
computers in your network group.

Starting an Application
The Start button on the taskbar serves as a launch pad for any application. The Programs
option gives a list of all the programs available in the computer in a sub menu. Click the
required application from this menu.

Parts of a Window
Whenever an application is launched in any Windows Operating System, it displays in a
Window.

Continued…
 Control Box
The right side of the title bar is called the control box .It contains buttons to maximise,
minimise, restore or close the window.
 Maximize button
Click this button to increase the window to full screen.
 Minimize button
Click this button when you want to start another application without cancelling or
removing the current application.The current application is removed from view and
placed as a small box in the taskbar. It can be restored anytime by clicking the small
box.

Continued…
 Close button Click this button to stop the application and exit the window.
 Title Bar Displays the name of the application and the current file which is active.
 Menu bar A command can be given to the application by selecting an option from the
menu.
 Explorer Bar Displayed on the left side of the window. This will display the tree like
structure of the folders and sub-folders on your desktop.

Continued…
 Toolbars The icons on the toolbar can be used to send commands to the program. By
default, toolbars are placed just below the menu, but they can be repositioned by
dragging them anywhere on the screen.
 Address Bar. Displays the location of the currently selected folder in a drop down list.
Notice that there is a button Go on the right hand side of Address Bar.
 Status bar Provides information about the status of the application.

Switching between Windows
 You can keep more than one window open at the same time. The window at the top is
the active window. In order to activate another window one of the following options
can be used
 The title of each window displays on the taskbar. When you click the title box,
that particular window becomes currently active.
 Hold the Alt key and press Tab until the focus moves to the desired window.
 Click anywhere on the window to activate it.

Cascading Windows
 To cascade windows:
 Right click the taskbar.
 Click Cascade Windows.

Tiling Windows
 To tile the windows, either horizontally or vertically:
 Go to the task bar and right click.
 Click either Tile Windows Horizontally or Tile Windows Vertically, depending
on your requirement.

Shutting Down Windows
Every computer, whether it is on a network or a stand alone system, has to be shutdown
properly in order to maintain the integrity of the system. This can be done by selecting the
option Shut Down from the Start menu.

File Organization
 File
Data is stored in a computer in the form of files. Every file is stored with an extension
which is specific to an application. The last three letters of a filename which appear
after the dot (.) is the file extension. Some commonly used file extensions are given
below
 .txt Text file
 .doc Microsoft Word document
 .xls Microsoft Excel file
 .ppt Microsoft Powerpoint presentation
 .mdb Microsoft Access Database
 .bmp Windows Bitmap Picture
 .jpg Image Files
 .wav Sound File
 .html Web page

Continued…
 Drives
Drives are devices used to store data. Every computer by default has two drives,
namely C: and A:.
 Folder
Folders are used to organise files on the computer. All the files under a particular head
can be stored inside the same folder.

Continued…
 Path
Windows organises files in a hierarchical order. The drive is always at the highest level
in the hierarchy. The next level can either be a file or a folder. A path is the address or
location of a file or folder.

Sample File Hierarchy

Using Windows Explorer
Windows Explorer graphically displays all files and folders present in the computer. The
operations on files and folders, such as copy, move, rename and so on can be performed
easily as compared to any text based operating system where it is necessary to learn
commands for every action.

Parts of Windows Explorer

Continued…
 Titlebar:
Displays the name of the currently selected folder in the left pane.
 Menubar:
Provides a set of menus to perform the various operations.
 Toolbar:
Provides icons to perform operations as an alternative to menu options.

Continued…
 Drives:
Displays the disk drives available on the computer such as hard drives (C:, D:),
floppy drives (A:, B:) and network drives (F: G:).
 Files:
The right pane displays the list of files in the currently selected folder.
 Folders:
The list of folders that displays on the left pane contains files and folders.

Creating a Folder
 Click the folder in which the new folder is to be created.
 Select File > New > Folder
 A default folder icon is created.
 Give a new name to the folder.

Creating a folder – On your Desktop
 Right-click some empty space on your desktop
 Choose New, a submenu is displayed.
 Choose Folder, a new folder icon is displayed

Copying a File/Folder
 Click the folder/drive on the left pane which contains the file/folder to be copied.
 Select the file/folder.
 Right click and select Copy from the submenu or select Copy from the Edit menu.
 Click the destination folder/drive.
 Right click and select Paste from the submenu or select Paste from the Edit menu.
 A duplicate of the file is created in the destination folder.

Moving a File/Folder
In case a moving a file, the file is removed from the source folder and transferred to the
destination folder.
The procedure to move a file/folder from one folder/ drive to another folder/ drive is the
same as copy. Instead of the Copy option, the Cut option has to be selected.

Renaming a File/ Folder
 Select the file that needs to be renamed.
 Right click and select Rename from the submenu or select Rename from File
menu.
 Provide a new name to the file.

Deleting a File/ Folder
 Select the file/folder to be deleted.
 Right click and select Delete from the submenu or select Delete from the Edit menu.
 The selected file/ folder is deleted
Or
 Select the file/folder to be deleted.
 Press the delete button on the keyboard.

Recovering a deleted File/Folder from Recycle Bin
 Click Recycle Bin in Windows Explorer.
 Select the file to be recovered.
 Right click and select Restore from the submenu.
 The file is restored to the original location.

Deleting Files/Folder Permanently
 Click Recycle Bin.
 Right click and select Empty Recycle Bin.
 The files are deleted permanently.

Searching for File/ Folder
If you do not remember the location of a file or folder, you can always use the Search
option either from the Start menu or by clicking the Search icon on the toolbar.

Searching for File/ Folder
 Type the name of the file/folder to be searched in the box Search for files and folders
named:
 Select the folder/drive from the drop-down list in the field Look in.
 Click Search Now.
 The file thus found displays on the right pane of the window along with the path.

Thank You

Working with Microsoft Windows in details

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