World systems theory
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This document provides an overview of world systems theory, which examines how structures shape the flow of people, goods, and ideas globally. It discusses key concepts such as the core, semi-periphery, and periphery of the global economic system. World systems theory views the global economy as a single world-economy larger than any political unit, with economic relations between parts being most important. It also examines resistance to the world system, modernity, global flows of different types, and the central role of media and cultural imagination.
World systems theory
- 1. What structures the paths along which people, goods and ideas flow through the world? Mark Allen Peterson, PhD Miami University WORLD SYSTEMS THEORY
- 2. The Modern World System
- 4. WORLD SYSTEMS THEORY “The secret of capitalism was in the establishment of the division of labor within the framework of a world-economy that was not an empire.”Immanuel Wallerstein 1974
- 5. Large axial division of labor with multiple political centers and multiple cultures Large bureaucratic structures with a single political center and an axial division of labor, but multiple cultures TWO KINDS OF EMPIRES
- 8. Between 1450 and 1670, something new emerged…
- 9. Capitalism
- 10. MODE OF PRODUCTION 1. Exchanges of goods and services (trade) 2. calculated according to a universal medium of exchange/value (money), 3. and carried out by means of a “supply + demand = price” mechanism (market). 1. Ownership of the means of production – Skills and Knowledge – Tools – Land 2. Accumulation of wealth – Reinvestment – Inheritance Market Economy Class Relations
- 11. Capitalism is only one of many possible kinds of economy CAPITALISM
- 12. RESISTANCE European trade with Japan opened in 1543 Sakoku: Closed door policy. Implemented in 1635
- 13. RESISTANCE 1858: US forces Japan to reopen its ports to international trade. • Control over tariffs • Extraterritoriality
- 14. MODERNITY Modernity: A cultural system marked by belief in science, secularism, planning, and progress. Modernization: Japan underwent a 77-year centralized transition to turn itself into a modern empire on the European model. Japanese Battleship Asahi
- 15. THE WORLD ECONOMY A world economy “encompasses within its bounds empires, city-states, and the emerging nation-states. It is a world economy not because it encompasses the whole world but because it is larger than any juridical defined political unit. It is a world-economy because the basic linkage between the parts of the system is economic.” -- Immanuel Wallerstein
- 16. What is important is not the parts—states, empires, transnational corporations, NGOs, global insitutions—but the relations between the parts.
- 17. PROBLEMS 1. Takes nation states for granted 2. Interconnections are between stable elements 3. All movements take place within structural system (center-semiperiphery-periphery) 4. Doesn’t have a central place for culture
- 18. GLOBAL FLOWS Ethnoscapes Transnational flows of people Mediascapes Transnational flows of information Technoscapes Transnational flows of technology Financescapes Transnational flows of capital Ideoscapes Transnational flows of ideas
- 19. MULTIPLE CENTERS AND PERIPHERIES 1. Not all “centers” are central to all kinds of flows 2. One may be “center” to certain flows and “peripheral” or “semiperipheral” to others in the global system.
- 20. REGIONAL FLOWS Cairo is on the global film periphery but is the center of regional film flows. Cairo is a center of global Islamic learning (flows of the “ideoscape”); US is on the periphery.
- 21. CULTURAL IMAGINATION Imaginary Fantasy Escape Opium of the Masses Passivity Imagined Real Engagement Selectivity & Resistance Action We collectively imagine the social world into existence
- 22. CENTRALITY OF THE MEDIA • Resource for the cultural imagination • Media and audiences in simultaneous circulation • “Improvisation" in the lives of both groups and individuals • New forms of sociality