This presentation provides guidelines for testing effectively, writing good alternative-answer, multiple-choice, short-answer, matching, and long-answer questions, ways to reduce student frustration ...
30. Multiple-choice Questions
For a paper-based test, how can
this question be improved?
SShhoooottiinngg tthhee bbaallll
tthhrroouugghh tthhee hhoooopp iiss
ccaalllleedd aa
AA.. ggooaall
BB.. hhoommee rruunn
CC.. bbaasskkeett
DD.. ttoouucchh ddoowwnn
EE.. ssttrriikkee
31. Multiple-choice Questions
In pairs, discuss how to fix this
question
a An addvvaannttaaggee ooff mmuullttiippllee--cchhooiiccee
qquueessttiioonnss iiss tthhaatt mmuullttiippllee--cchhooiiccee
qquueessttiioonnss
aa)) aarree eeaassyy ttoo uunnddeerrssttaanndd
bb)) aarree eeaassyy ttoo wwrriittee
cc)) aarree ssiimmppllee ttoo aannsswweerr
dd)) aarree ssiimmppllee ttoo ssccoorree
32. Multiple-choice Questions
More than one right
CCiirrccllee eevveerryy ccoorrrreecctt aannsswweerr..
WWeellll--wwrriitttteenn mmuullttiippllee--cchhooiiccee qquueessttiioonnss
aa)) aallwwaayyss tteesstt sskkiillllss rreelliiaabbllyy
bb)) aarree tthhee bbeesstt wwaayy ttoo tteesstt
cc)) ccaann aasssseessss ssmmaallll ddiiffffeerreenncceess
dd)) ccaann tteesstt mmaannyy lleeaarrnniinngg oouuttccoommeess
#5:Test understanding = Test what they know or what they can do
Reinforce learning, Apply learning to problems, Keep students actively involved, Motivate, Promote, Certify, Collect data for new ideas or procedures, Rank students, Select students, Diagnose student skills, Provide feedback
#6:1. You may only be testing recall rather than understanding.
2. Insert random numbers. Randomly select questions from a pool of questions.
3. When you want to ensure they experience some success. This can be to increase confidence.
#8:Random insertion of distractors or alphabetic order
#9:Use short clear statements
Use familiar and appropriate language
Use official abbreviations, avoid acronyms
One fact or concept determines the answer
Use questions that can’t be answered by common sense alone
Do NOT provide clues to answers
Do NOT let the sequence of choices influence
Avoid words like “always” or “never”
Use simple positive statements
Avoid negatives and especially double negatives
#11:1. Test important ideas by: a. ensuring each question matches a learning outcome b. not tricking students
2. Create fair tests by: a. ensuring that each learning outcome is tested to the highest skill level needed
b: having proportional numbers of questions and scores
3. Include media to ask better and more realistic questions
4. Arrange questions from easy to hard to help a student’s confidence
5. Group similar question types because it is easier for students to be in one mindset at a time.
#18:1. You may be testing recall and not understanding.
#24:The answer is on the next slide – easier to write and reinforces learning.
#28:1. In general, higher level skills. Examples would be problem-solving, decision-making …
#29:Reduce reading time.
This supports using logic rather than knowledge. For example, if two are right then it must be all of the above.
#30:1. 3 choices is okay if there is no good alternative.
Opposite answers eliminate all the other choices. This is usually best as an alternative answer.
2. More logical for the student. It can feel disjointed otherwise.
3. Completing a sentence:
reduces a learner’s reading time
- is easier as it is generally harder for learners to complete the beginning or middle of statements
and can sometimes be confusing for learners to complete the middle of statements
#31:One way to improve this is to put the answer choices in alphabetic order
#32:Discuss in pairs to find three faults: Reduce words in stem, reduce words in choices, easy to understand is unclear and depends on the quality of writing, simple to answer unclear, so could have more than one right answer