Final project for East West Gas Pipeline and Effective GIS Implementation
- 1. 1 | P a g e Final Project Report On East West Gas Pipeline (EWGPl) by Reliance Gas Transport and Infrastructure Co.Ltd (RGTIL) and GIS implementation For Partial Fulfilment of Project Management - 2 Course by Soumik Chakraborty M.Tech GIS (MT19GGS260) NIIT University Neemrana, Rajasthan
- 2. 2 | P a g e ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This is to provide due credit and acknowledgmentto the legitimate holder of credit for the report compilationand research. We deeplyacknowledge our faculty Dr. Vivek Saxena (Associate Prof.NIIT Univeristy, Neemrana Rajasthan) forproviding the opportunity to perform a Comprehensive detailed exercise forbetter understanding the small nuances and details necessaryfor crucial Entrepreneurship understanding and equipmentof particulates of knowledge. The opportunity to draft a detailed proceedings for creation of a GIS company with analysis of market and investment. Due Acknowledgementis credited to NIIT University Management. We would also like to thank our mates and parents for providing us with necessary time and resources without whose supportthe completionof report would not have been possible. Thanks & Regards.
- 3. 3 | P a g e Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENT..................................................................................................................2 Project Overview............................................................................................................................4 INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................................5 Need for EWPL pipeline ............................................................................................................5 Major Project Objectives:..........................................................................................................5 Ideal East West Pipeline routing with respect to Elevation ..............................................5 Ideal East West Pipeline routing with respect to Slope.....................................................6 Ideal East West Pipeline plan routing for Ecological conservative areas.......................6 Ideal East West Pipeline plan routing for Benefit of Best Strategic Location Hotspots ..................................................................................................................................................6 Project Scope .............................................................................................................................6 Major project deliverables.....................................................................................................7 Strategic Importance of EWPL:.............................................................................................8 METHODOLOGY............................................................................................................................8 METHODOLOGY FLOW DIAGRAM ..........................................................................................8 ......................................................................................................................................................9 Observation of Basemaps.........................................................................................................9 Creation of Elevation Map.......................................................................................................10 Creation of EWPL route based on Elevation.....................................................................11 Creation of Slope Map.............................................................................................................11 Creation of EWPL route based on Slope...........................................................................12 Creation of Forest and Water bodies Polygon with Buffer.................................................12 Creation of EWPL route based on Ecologically Sensitive regions................................13 Creation of Strategic Location Map.......................................................................................13 Creation of Final EWPL route based on Strategic Locations .........................................14 RESULTS & DISCUSSION...........................................................................................................14 (Map Output1)...........................................................................................................................15 (Map Output2.)..........................................................................................................................16 (Map Output3.)..........................................................................................................................17 (Map Output4.)..........................................................................................................................18 COST & BENEFIT ANALYSIS .....................................................................................................19 Costs Incurred..........................................................................................................................19
- 4. 4 | P a g e HARDWARE & SOFTWARE (One time)..............................................................................19 Staffing & Training................................................................................................................19 Data Procurement.................................................................................................................20 Benefits Incurred......................................................................................................................20 Savings Benefits:..................................................................................................................20 Benefits to Organizations:...................................................................................................20 Future & External Benefits..................................................................................................22 Project Overview The idea of East West Gas Pipeline (EWGPl) by Reliance Gas Transport and Infrastructure Co.Ltd (RGTIL)and GIS implementation project revolves around the objective of successful establishment of 1350 km length of truncated pipeline covering the Eastern and Western Ghats of Indian Peninsula. This huge gas pipeline once constructed will be the largest gas pipeline responsible for transportation of cheap fuel on important states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Maharashtra and Gujarat. This Project has a huge significance other than playing its function as a transportation medium. Since it is a multi-faceted project. One objective it is to connect the Source and sink together as in to connect KG-D6 block of Krishna Godavari gas unit and make it reachto gas distributionand refineries of Gujarat. Another important facetis co-operating connectivityamong multi- level Gas distribution organizations in the country such as GAIL, Andhra Pradesh Gas Power Corporation Ltd. Study focuses its idea around GIS application in the GAS transport Industry and how overall optimization will be achieved. Effective implementation of GIS will lead to reduction in overall Gas Transportation prices and stop accidental gas leakages. The probable
- 5. 5 | P a g e layout of the pipeline depends on the accurate route planning using GIS based initiative. INTRODUCTION Need for EWPL pipeline The constant need and shift towards the gas based vehicles has seen a steep rice in the CBM or commonlyknown as Coal- based Methane product as a cheap and comprehensiveoutputin readymarket. The extreme demand and measures to put to use is needed to be utilized in the form of pipeline building and management. This need is catered by the Reliance project for 115 million dollars project for building up of a largest pipeline traversing an area of 2,72,000 sq.km. of the Indian peninsula with an approximate length of 13570 km length of pipeline. Similar gas pipeline projects taken up previously catering similar needs and hence projects like PNGRB undertaken by GAIL, covering important gas market regions of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Gujarat. However the Major region for building of EWPL pipeline comes with the utilization of the huge untouched new- found gas reserves of Kakinada sink as a legitimate source of CBM. Major Project Objectives: Ideal East West Pipeline routing with respect to Elevation With the availability of elevation map created with the dataset collected from ASTER high resolution DEM. DEM stands for digital elevation modelshows terrain height from average mean sea level in meters. The corrected route
- 6. 6 | P a g e for EWPL is designed in such a manner that the high elevation areas are avoided to be traversed as much as possible. Ideal East West Pipeline routing with respect to Slope With the availability of Elevation, Slope map is created based on the accuracy provided by high res-dem. Corrected path for elevation EWPL is also analysed for the slope such that terrain gradient remains as low as possible. IdealEastWest Pipeline plan routing for Ecologicalconservative areas Determination of the most costeffective and environmentally pleasing route for pipeline placement is one of the most controversial spatial problems encountered in the pipeline manufacturing and engineering industry. Ideal East West Pipeline plan routing for Benefit of Best Strategic Location Hotspots From a business perspective it is very important for a pipeline to stay close distance from its strategic markets. Forthis EWPL routing is kept in sync with the radius of the strategic locations. Project Scope The study provides clear understanding on how GIS can be applied to the field of Natural Gas pipeline Planning and Layout. Geo-referenced pipeline map of the East-WestPipeline Projectis expected.Added to slope,elevation and Forestor wetland inventory mapped within the route. This provides with solid indication for the rerouted pipeline map which will be created keeping
- 7. 7 | P a g e in considerationof the following factors of slope, elevation known as Primary factors and Environmental Polygons as Secondary factors for the pipeline setup. Added to the rerouted pipeline map, point layer geotagged facilities in the way of pipeline will also be mapped forserving as pumping stations and Gas distribution facilities. Within another point shapefile layer will serve as a market distribution of strategic locations important to have a feeder distribution from the main line. The pipeline industry faces a tremendous amount of scrutiny by environmental, government and other international agencies. Finally this study will give a brief understanding about the benefits of using GIS technology that of from traditional means. Major project deliverables Final Re-routed EWPL pipeline taken into account of Strategic Locations Re-routed EWPL pipeline based on Forest and Waterbodies polygon Routed EWPL based on Slope Routed EWPL based on Elevation Slope Map DEM model of entire area Marked River bodies Polygon in the area Marked Forest area Polygons Strategic Locations point shape file Buffer of 60 kms of strategic points shape file Buffer of 20 km of Forest polygon Buffer of 20 km of Water bodies polygon
- 8. 8 | P a g e Strategic Importance of EWPL: The GIS format provides managers with a platform by which they can more easily evaluate pipeline assets.The ability to visualize pipeline features has proven to be a powerful tool for decision-makers saving valuable time and resources. Strategic purpose will also include logical GIS Linkages with the conventional format of Pipeline planning and management. Linkages exist in the form of elevation information collection in DEM format, Point shape file representing locational attribute of the Gas pipeline transmission facilities and also wetland or forest representation as overlaid polygons. The EWPL pipeline deals specifically in the discipline of urban planning and management. However it involves the application of severalother disciplines such as Civil and Constructions, Geology,Electrical Power supply manager and Fluid dynamics engineering. Also petroleum and Gas engineers will be required for the extraction of the CBM from Kakinada sink or source to the head of the pipe. METHODOLOGY METHODOLOGY FLOW DIAGRAM
- 9. 9 | P a g e Observation of Basemaps Basemaps are important pillars of the mapping industry and the science of information for preliminary analysis. Google earth imagery and toposheets are extensively used for getting brief first-hand knowledge about the field area. Creation of specific pumping stationpoints and EWPL pipeline location is exclusively based on the accurateness of basemaps.And since this is one of the first-hand information is created it is very important forthe projectroute as based on this information first rough idea of the pipeline route will be established. High Resolution DEM (ASTER) Google Earth Base map Imagery SLOPE MAP ELEVATION MAP STRATEGIC LOCATIONS FOREST & WATERBODY Strategic Location Corrected EWPL pipeline route Forest & Waterbodies Corrected EWPL pipeline route Slope Corrected EWPL pipeline route Elevation Corrected EWPL pipeline route
- 10. 10 | P a g e Creation of Elevation Map Elevation map is created on the basis of DEM (digital Informationelevation) images collected.The ASTER GDEMwas created with two NIR cameras on the ASTER satellite.One looks down at nadir, and the other is inclined in the along track direction. Aftera short delay, the two image provide overlapping stereo imagery that allows creation of a photogrammetric DEM. The ASTER GDEM covers land surfaces between 83°N and 83°S, and was produced through automated processing of 2.3 million scenes from the ASTER archive. . Image from ASTER GDEM Version 3 showing shadedrelieftopographyof San Francisco,with differentheights shown in different colors.
- 11. 11 | P a g e A total of 77 image tiles are collected,mosaicked (using ‘Create New Mosaic Raster in Arc Map toolbox) for the entire region into one single image and then finally cropped according to the suitable study area. Creation of EWPL route based on Elevation Creation of EWPL pipeline first draft is drawn manually keeping in mind the compulsory passing location file and Elevation map on its back scene. The movement of line between two location points should be such that they try its maximum to avoid the high elevation regions traversing; because traversing high elevation region will make the layout of pipeline more expensive and risky. Creation of Slope Map Slope map creation leads to creation of slope adjusted terrain in the form of 2 dimensional surface. This map projects terrain feature and the level of slope in traversing area of the pipeline. Using Slope Tool in ArcMap we calculate the slope based on DEM as Input file and based on latitude we provide a multiplicative factor. Example: study area having latitude within 28 degrees will have to use value of 0.00001036
- 12. 12 | P a g e Creation of EWPL route based on Slope Creation of EWPL pipeline first draft is drawn manually keeping in mind the compulsory passing location file and Slope map on its back scene. The movement of line between two location points should be such that they try its maximum to avoid the high slope regions traversing; because traversing high slope gradient will make the layout of pipeline more expensive and risky. Creation of Forest and Water bodies Polygon with Buffer Forest and Waterbodies crossing the path of the EWPL pipeline is marked manually by a Polygon Feature class with Names of each of the Feature being marked. Two separate Shapefiles are created forthe waterbodies and forest feature type. The Basemaps of Google Earth and Esri physical toposheets help a great deal in delineating such features.
- 13. 13 | P a g e Aftercreation of all the possible features inthe estimated vicinity, Buffers are created for both files with a radius of 5 km or 5000 meters with the help of Buffer tool in Arc Map and saving the shapefile with extension. Creation of EWPL route based on Ecologically Sensitive regions EWPL route shapefileline is now modified afterfollowing the slope correction to that of forest buffer polygons and then water bodies buffer polygon. The EWPL Slope corrected line is now edited and corrected as much as that the pipeline does notintersect the buffered portionof polygons.This protects the misfortune of suffering leakages underground in the pipeline since heavy damage could be done to the water sources and ecology. Creation of Strategic Location Map Strategic Location Mapping begins with the creation of a locational point based shape file consisting of name of the Major economic cities and towns in the region of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra and Gujarat. Further secondarydistributionmight reach out to cities of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Madhya Pradesh. The cities are selected such that it has to be in the vicinity of the EWPL pipeline and having a population of more than a million people. Bufferof the locations are created with a radius of 65 km or 65000 m which is the maximum length of first feeder line capability.
- 14. 14 | P a g e Creation of Final EWPL route based on Strategic Locations The final EWPL route is now created based on the buffercreated based on strategic location radius of buffer 60 kms such that EWPL pipeline route touches all the buffers of strategic market points for gas distribution. The locations represent high demand gas distribution market of EWPL pipeline route. RESULTS & DISCUSSION In this section we will display the output maps obtained as per our flow chart and objective of the proect.
- 15. 15 | P a g e (Map Output1) Output 1 represents map of the Elevation where the gradation or gradual change of elevation represents differentelevationvalues found in this region. The two sides of the image represent Western and Eastern Ghats of the Indian peninsula. Higher elevation is recorded towards the Western Boundary of the Peninsula since Western Ghats has an average elevation of 2694 meteres with a highest peak of 2699 meters of Anamudi in state of Kerala whereas Eastern Ghats has a lower elevation of 1501 meters withthe highest peak in Mahendragiri in Odisha state of 1656 meters. The pipeline traversing will require extreme care and caution to be built since it will have to traverse from a low elevation region commonly called as a SINK (Kakinada) basin formed in the edges of Godavari River also named as ‘Dakshin Ganga’. Although as much possible care has been taken that the pipeline route passes pretty smoothly and the transition is smooth.
- 16. 16 | P a g e (Map Output2.) The Output 2. Is based on the Slope changes throughout the entire study area. The slope is generated in degrees with the help of Input Elevation (D.E.M) file as slope is consideredthe change or first orderdifferentialof the Elevation values which are in meters. More slope inclination in the region indicates presence of steep mountain slopes especiallyhills giving rise to numerous waterfalls and smallerstreams in the region. It is due to the high slope areas spotted in the western flank near Pune region the famous Lonavla and Karjat ecosystem tourism spot is; which will also be a major focus for next output map discussion.
- 17. 17 | P a g e (Map Output3.) In this output Map image of EWPL correction based on Forest and Water bodies polygon and its buffer. On the Left hand bottom we can observe the Legend being mentioned about the items being present inside the image scene box. The presence of blue coloured bodies representdams and water falls in the vicinity of EWPL region; whereas Green polygons represent large forests. Immense effort has been taken to avoid the Major Thadvai region forest in the regionsurrounding Godavari river. Coming to context of rivers; wherever a river or water source is found; special care is taken such that leakage of contents is happening to the water source; by using better reinforced steel
- 18. 18 | P a g e plates in such junctions. In case a water bodyis to be traversed it is generally taken above the water level or under depending on the mean elevation of the region. In this plan we have successfullyavoided the 50 km bufferregions of Manjira river, Yashwant Sagar Dam, Ghod river and few small lakes in Gujarat. However some water bodies are needed to be traversed according to the plan. (Map Output4.) The last Output map of this projectis of Utmost importance since this one is the final EWPL draft map, Corrected based upon Strategic Locations. Fortunately with the corrections made that the pipeline will not fall within the
- 19. 19 | P a g e buffercircle of 65 km for all the strategically important gas market places in the EWPL pipeline regime. The important locations are marked with a red star with the name of each places followed by it’s buffer circle region. COST & BENEFIT ANALYSIS Costs Incurred HARDWARE & SOFTWARE (One time) Workstations Used (High End) – 1 – 3.5 Lakhs INR Workstations Used (Medium End) – 2 – 50,000 INR Network Costs (WAN) – 25,000 INR Software Licenses (Arc Map) – 2 – 15 Lakhs INR Output Hardware (Printer, Scanner) – 1 – 25,000 INR Total: 19.5 Lakhs INR Staffing & Training GIS Manager – 1 – 500/hour; Total hours = 1000;Cost= 5,00,000 INR GIS Analyst – 2 – 300/hour(each); Total hours = 650; Cost = 1,95,000 INR x2 = 3,90,000 INR GIS Data Converter – 1- 100/hour; Total Hours = 200; Cost = 20000 INR
- 20. 20 | P a g e Total: 10 Lakhs INR Data Procurement Basemaps Requirement – 2- 0.00 INR Digital Elevation Model – 1 tile – 180 INR x 77 = 13,860 INR Total – 13, 860 INR Grand Total: - 29,63,860 INR Benefits Incurred Savings Benefits: Cash flows each year expected: Years 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Cash Inflow 60,000 60,000 60,000 60,000 60,000 Discounted Cash flows 60,000 59,600 59,200 58,800 58,400 Benefits to Organizations:
- 21. 21 | P a g e Each of the IPD productwill lead to creation of the pipeline route while keeping in mind certain constraint. This constraint will aim to attain sustainable developmentrole modelfor the future. The following products take into account of elevation, slope,environmentally sensitive zones and strategically important market place for the ultimate aim of Gas distribution. Time reduction for mapping of elevation in field vs GIS use is – 3 days = 72 hours vs 18 hours Time reduction for mapping of Slope in field vs GIS use is – 15 days = 360 hours vs 3 hours Time reduction for mapping of Ecologicalysensitive area in field vs GIS use is – 36 days = 864 hours vs 24 hours Time reduction for mapping of Strategic Market places bufferin field vs GIS use is – 7 days = 168 hours vs 15 hours Total time reduction from conventional mapping vs GIS usage – 1464 vs 60 hours % Changein effectiveness Increase = 1464-60/1464 = 1404/1464 = 95.9 = 96%
- 22. 22 | P a g e Future & ExternalBenefits ExternalBenefits Include: Long term Sustainable Model Implementation Promised by Central Govt. UNDP 2014 Scheme. Environment ProtectionAct 1972,Conservation of Wildlife,Tiger Protection Act and Protectionof Biosphere Reserves Implementation.Protectionof Rajamundhry National Park Conservation attained successfully. Utilization of Kakinada Gas reserve under ONGC exploitation and utilization of Natural Coal Bed Methane Resources 1981. Future Benefits Include: Utilization of Atmanirbhar Bharat Scheme 2020 forthe effective usage of County’s Natural Gas resource and delivery for the next 100 years. Direct Impactof A population of 7 crore engineers,labours, electricians and diggers forthe building and layout of pipeline. IndirectImpact of 60 Crore people benefited from the cheap gas service in the region.