Class 12, subject chemistry chapter name solutions, topic name - expressing concentration of solution and problems
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The document discusses the quantitative expressions of solution concentration, including mole fraction, molarity, and molality. It provides definitions and examples for calculating these measures using different substances. Additionally, it poses problems related to mass percentage, molality, and mole fraction calculations in various solutions.
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Class 12, subject chemistry chapter name solutions, topic name - expressing concentration of solution and problems
- 1. Quality Education For All
- 2. CLASS 12 CHAPTER 2 - SOLUTIONS
- 3. RECAP ▪ Introduction ▪ Expressing concentration of solution quantitatively
- 4. TOPICS ▪ Mole fraction ▪ Molarity ▪ Molality
- 5. Mole Fraction Mole fraction of that component Number of moles of that component Total number of moles of all the components = Denoted by the letter chi or Roman x
- 6. Mole Fraction Ex: Binary Solution
- 7. Ex: Calculate the mole fraction of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) in a solution containing 20% of C2H6O2 by mass.
- 9. Molarity Molarity Moles of solute Volume of solution in litre = Denoted by the letter M (molar) Defined as number of moles of solute dissolved in one litre (or one cubic decimetre) of solution.
- 10. Molarity Ex: 0.25 M solution of NaOH means that 0.25 mol of NaOH has been dissolved in one litre.
- 11. Ex: Calculate the molarity of a solution containing 5g of NaOH in 450 mL solution.
- 12. Molality Molality Moles of solute Mass of solvent in kg = Denoted by the letter m Defined as number of moles of solute per kilogram (kg) of the solvent
- 13. Molality Ex: 1m solution of KCl means that 1 mol (74.5g) of KCl is dissolved in 1 kg of water.
- 14. Ex: Calculate the molality of 2.5g of ethanoic acid (CH3COOH) in 75g of benzene.
- 15. Comparing Molarity and Molality
- 16. Problem 1: Calculate the mass percentage of benzene (C6H6) and carbon tetrachloridre (CCl4) if 22g of benzene is dissolved in 122g of CCl4.
- 18. Problem 2: Solution of glucose in water is labelled as 10% w/w, what would be the molality and mole fraction of each component in the solution? If the density of solution is 1.2 g mL-1, then what shall be the molarity of the solution?