Chapter 7, lesson 2
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This document defines key landforms including runoff, tributaries, watersheds, sediment, meanders, flood plains, deltas, water gaps, canyons, valleys, dunes, and landslides. It explains that runoff is water flowing over the surface of the earth, tributaries are smaller streams feeding into larger rivers, and a watershed is the entire area that drains into a body of water. It also describes characteristics of different landforms such as meanders in rivers, sediment deposition in flood plains and deltas, and how canyons, valleys, and landslides are formed.
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Chapter 7, lesson 2
- 1. runofftributarywatershedsedimentmeanderflood plaindeltawater gapcanyonvalleydunelandslideChapter 7, Lesson 2Landforms
- 2. runoff – water that runs off Earth’s solid surface
- 3. tributary – “feeder” streams; small streams and rivers that “feed” into other streams and rivers forming larger streams and rivers
- 4. watershed – the entire area from which water is drained
- 5. sediment – pieces of material; sediment can range in size from boulders to gravel, sand, silt and dissolved materials
- 6. meander – bends, or “S” shapes in a river cause by river currents slowing down in flat land and dropping sedimentClick here to learn more about rivers and coasts!
- 7. flood plain – flat landscape near rivers; the rivers flood the land from time to time and create very fertile soil.
- 8. mouth (of river) – where a river empties into the ocean; river currents slow when they hit the ocean and drop sediment
- 9. delta – a fan-shaped piece of land that forms from sediment dropped at the mouth of a river
- 10. water gap – a rare, narrow, steep-walled canyon created as water cut through hard rock
- 11. valley – formed when small channels are deepened and widened by erosion
- 12. canyon – a deep, V-shaped valley that is usually created as a result of both water cutting into earth and geological forces pushing earth upward
- 13. dune – sand hill created by wind erosion; found in deserts or at the beach
- 14. landslide – when water saturates the land and makes soil loosen and fall; gravity can create landslides, too