Step by step introduction kick off
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1) The document discusses a research project that aims to understand successful policy measures for making mobility patterns more sustainable across Europe by examining cases studies of 30 cities. 2) The project will analyze differences in mobility patterns between cities based on structural factors like density, size, and geography as well as behavioral factors like attitudes. 3) The research approach involves collecting mobility data for the case study cities and using frameworks to distinguish structural and behavioral influences on transportation choices.
Step by step introduction kick off
- 1. 21 August 2013 Step By Step ERA-NET Transport III Kick Stepping Stones Program Wim Korver
- 2. 2 Udo J. Becker Lehrstuhl für Verkehrsökologie Jeffrey Raymond Kenworthy Professor in Sustainable Cities Jasek Malasek Transport researcher Road and Bridge Research Institute Helen Lindblom Transport researcher Wim Korver Head R&D Goudappel Group
- 3. 3 Content • Background • Research questions • Base approach • Research Activities • Feedback on tendering and contracting process
- 4. 4 Background
- 5. 5 Transport is a major CO2 producer • Transport: 23% of energy related CO2 emissions • Business as usual: transport share increases to 35%
- 6. 6 CO2 reduction: combination of (inter)national policy and local policy: the example Breda (medium sized city in NL) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200 1990 2010 2044 BUA 2044 Confirmed Policy Package 2044 Additional Policy Package CO2Emissions Public Transport Passenger Car Trucks -40% A substantial extra effort is needed to reach CO2 reduction goals
- 7. 7 Background • Transport will become in Europe the major producer of CO2 emissions • Technology will help, but on a local/regional scale more is needed: without behavioral change no sustainable mobility system • A lot of initiatives: e.g. CIVITAS, Better Benutten (NL) and Forschungsprogramm Stadtverkehr (GE) • Which behavioral intervention, that is the question?
- 9. 9 Main Objective • Stepping Stones: 1.To understand the successful (policy) measures aimed at making mobility patterns more sustainable and the underlying mechanisms (the how) including social & psychological factors. 2.The research results should be of common interest across Europe or in several regions. • Step By Step: • Identifying potential successful policy measures for changing the transport behavior of people based on structural differences between cities and cultures What we know after the project is completed
- 10. 10 Research questions Step By Step 1. Framework to make a distinction between structural and behavioral factors 2. Creating a pan-European database of mobility patterns and the environmental effects 3. Identifying major structural factors for differences in mobility patterns 4. Identifying major behavioral factors for influencing mobility behavior 5. Identifying potential successful policy measures
- 11. 11 Base Research Approach A. Empirical based: the use of (urban) cases B. Structural versus behavioral factors Baseapproach
- 12. 12 Empirical work based on approximately 30 cases _1Metropolitan region Case Code Country Type of Intervention Car Sharing A1 NL Transport concept Amsterdam West A2 NL Attitude Amsterdam Westpoort A3 NL Transport concept Spitsscoren B1 NL DemandRotterdam Mobility Management B2 NL Demand Lifestyle C1 NL AttitudeBreda Cargo Bike C2 NL Transport concept Job Ticket D1 D Demand Infineon D2 D Demand Electric Busses D3 D Transport concept Dresden Commuter network D4 D Transport concept Slow modes E1 D Transport conceptBerlin Car sharing E2 D Transport concept New residents F1 D AttitudeMunich Increasing bicycle use F2 D Transport concept Eco friendly license G1 D DemandFreiburg Car free living area G2 D Attitude Tübingen Mobility manager H1 D Demand Congestion charges I1 S DemandStockholm MM for Kista business park & Galleria shopping centre I2 S Demand The West Swedish Solution J1 S AttitudeGothenburg free pass for commuters J2 S Demand No ridiculous car trips K1 S AttitudeMalmö/Lund Lundalänken K2 S Transport concept P+R L1 PL Transport concept Increasing bicycle use L2 PL Attitude Warszaw Bus lanes L3 PL Transport concept Cracow City Bike M1 PL Transport concept Wroclaw Integrated Cycling Policy N1 PL Attitude Mobility data on metropolitan level Behavioral knowledge based on cases
- 13. 13 UK cases (2) will be chosen later
- 14. 14 Empirical work based on approximately 30 cases _2 Distribution among countries 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 NL GE SW PL UK
- 15. 15 Empirical work based on approximately 30 cases _ 3 Case Characteristics 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Attitude Demand Transport concept
- 16. 16 Structural versus behavioral factors _1
- 17. 17 Structural versus behavioral factors _2 Cities with high densities have lower transport related emissions CO2-emission of passenger mobility of inhabitants of Dutch municipalities (ton CO2 per year Source: CO2 benchmark Goudappel Coffeng)
- 18. 18 Structural versus behavioral factors _3 • Transport behavior between cities (could) differ due to: • Density • City size • Demographic structure environmental taxation • Climate • Supply of transport • Geographic characteristics (hilly) • Economic welfare level • (Environmental) taxation • …..
- 19. 19 Structural versus behavioral factors _4 • We are not starting from scratch • Mobility data available for (international Database Kenworthy): Berlin, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Munich, Zurich, Copenhagen, Helsinki, Oslo, Stockholm, London, Manchester, Stuttgart, Amsterdam, Rotterdam and Breda • A lot of experience in the consortium with international comparative analyses • Ambition to create: • Mobility indicators • Environmental Indicators (CO2 emissions, PM10 and NOx)
- 20. 20 Structural versus behavioral factors _4 Behavioral analysis can become quite complex
- 21. 21 But our knowledge increases
- 22. 22 Structural versus behavioral factors _5 • Behavioral Analysis: • Framework of Caldini • SUMO (System for Evaluation of Mobility Projects) • New insights from behavioral economics
- 25. 25
- 26. 26 Planning