Fundamental elements of computer
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The core of a computer system is the system unit, which houses key components like the motherboard, disk drives, and power supply. The system unit comes in different case types like desktop and tower cases. The most important component inside is the motherboard, which connects all other components like the CPU. The CPU or central processing unit interprets and executes instructions and is the computer's brain. Main memory, like RAM, interacts directly with the CPU millions of times per second to hold active programs and data. Secondary memory, like hard disks, floppy disks, and CDs, is used for long-term storage. Other components include video cards for display, modems for internet connectivity, power supplies, and cables connecting internal
Fundamental elements of computer
- 1. FUNDAMENTAL ELEMENTS OF A COMPUTER
- 3. Output Device System Unit Input Devices
- 4. SYSTEM UNIT THE CORE OF A COMPUTER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR PROCESSING AND STORING DATA AND CONTROLS ALL COMPUTER FUNCTIONS.
- 9. THE SYSTEM CASE IS A PLASTIC AND METAL BOX THAT HOUSES COMPONENTS SUCH AS MOTHERBOARD, DISK DRIVES AND POWER SUPPLY UNIT
- 10. SYSTEM CASE TYPE DESKTOP CASE-is designed to sit horizontally on a surface so that it is wider than it is long.
- 11. TOWER CASE IS DESIGNED TO SIT VERTICALLY ON A SURFACE SO THAT IT IS HIGHER THAN IT IS WIDE.
- 12. PARTS OF THE CASE
- 13. MOTHERBOARD IS THE MOST IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF YOUR COMPUTER, ONE POINT OR ANOTHER, EVERY OTHER COMPONENT CONNECTS TO THE MOTHERBOARD
- 16. THE CPU The C entral P rocessing U nit- is the device that interprets and executes instructions. The CPU is the chip that functions as the “brain of a computer.
- 18. MEMORY
- 19. MAIN MEMORY VERY CLOSELY CONNECTED TO THE PROCESSOR. THE CONTENTS ARE QUICKLY AND EASILY CHANGED. HOLDS THE PROGRAMS AND DATA THAT PROCESSOR IS ACTIVELY WORKING WITH. INTERACTS WITH THE PROCESSOR MILLIONS OF TIMES PER SECOND.
- 20. RAM (Random Access Memory Means the memory cells can be accessed in any order. Its just a normal memory which means the computer can store, retrieve, alter or delete any items. It can be read and write. (volatile)
- 21. DIMM (Dual Inline Memory Module) A computer RAM or main memory is build from a small circuit board or memory chip called MEMORY MODULES. DIMM chips usually 64MB, 128MB or 256 MB, have to access pathways (read and write at the same time)
- 23. ROM BIOS Read Only Memory Basic Input Output System Provides the industry standard program code that operates the fundamental components of the PC. Ensures that the design of each manufacturer’s motherboard is PC-compatible.
- 24. CMOS RAM Complimentary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Stores the configuration of the PC (password, disk types, amount of memory installed, current time and date.) Require very little power to operate and use battery power to maintain their settings.
- 25. SECONDARY MEMORY IS WHERE PROGRAMS AND DATA ARE KEPT ON A LONG TERM BASIS. COMMON SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICES ARE THE FLOPPY DISK, HARD DISK, AND COMPACT DISK, FLASH DISK.
- 26. FLOPPY DISK (DISKETTE) IS A ROUND BUT COMES PERMANENTLY SEALED IN A SQUARE DUST JACKET. THE TYPICAL 3 ½ FLOPPY DISK CAN HOLDS 1.44 MB.
- 28. HARD DISK MIGHT HAVE A CAPACITY OF 40 GB. IS NON REMOVABLE , ITS STUCK PERMANENTLY INSIDE THE SYSTEM UNIT ITS ALSO CALLED AS “FIX DISK”
- 31. COMPACT DISK –CD A CD THAT HOLDS MUSIC IS CALLED “Music CD or “Audio CD) A CD THAT HOLDS computer data is called as “data CD” It is also called as CD ROM.
- 32. CD-RW (CD-ReWritable) A blank CD which you can write onto blank and then edit what you wrote. DVD (Digital Versatile Disk) Can hold more information, a two hour movie or 4.7GB of data
- 34. VIDEO CARD A board that plugs into PC to give display capabilities It also called as video adapter, video board, video display board or graphics card.
- 36. INTERNAL MODEM IN ORDER TO CONNECT TO THE INTERNET YOU NEED SOME FORM OF MODEM (Modulator/Demodulator) Modem convert (modulate) the digital code to analogue code, then convert them back (demodulate) at the other end.
- 38. POWER SUPPLY SUPPLIES THE FUEL (POWER) FOR THE COMPUTER. CONVERT THE VOLTAGE NEEDED TO THE MOTHER BOARD AND DRIVES. IT ALSO CONTAINS A FAN HELPS IN COOLING THE COMPUTER
- 40. IDE AND FLOPPY RIBBON CABLE IDE stands for Integrated Device Electronics. This device contains wires that are used to transfer data between the motherboard and the drive/s.
- 41. End of the Lesson