Programming Incentives in Information Systems
- 1. 25th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering June 17-21, 2013, Valencia, Spain Ognjen Scekic, Hong-Linh Truong, Schahram Dustdar Distributed Systems Group Vienna University of Technology http://dsg.tuwien.ac.at Programming Incentives in Information Systems
- 2. 2 CAiSE’13 Evolution of Collaborative Processes Conventional workflows • formal description • structured execution • predefined roles and activities • complex tasks Crowdsourcing • simple tasks • anonymous replaceable actors • short, unstructured interactions • No interaction/collaboration among actors + = Socio-technical Collective Adaptive Systems • ad-hoc assembled teams • complex tasks • social orchestration • indirect adaptation
- 3. 3 CAiSE’13 Programmable incentive management Requirements: – Modeling – Programming – Execution – Monitoring – Re-use Incentive Programming Model for CASs EU FP7 SmartSociety project www.smart-society-project.eu
- 4. 4 CAiSE’13 Incentives & Rewards • Incentives Stimulate (motivate) or discourage certain worker activities before the actual execution of those activities. • Rewards Any kind of recompense for worthy services rendered or retribution for wrongdoing exerted upon workers after the completion of activity. • Incentive Mechanism A plan (rule) for assigning rewards.
- 5. 5 CAiSE’13 We identified 7 basic incentive mechanisms in use today and their constituent elements. New mechanisms can be built by composing and customizing well- known incentive elements. Portable, reusable, scalable Modeling Incentives
- 7. 7 CAiSE’13 PRogrammable INCentives Framework (PRINC) Representation of external system suitable for modeling application of incentives. • State – Global state, individual worker attributes and performance metrics (QoS). • Time – Records of past and future worker interactions supporting time conditions. • Structure – Representation and manipulation of various types of relationships Rewarding Model (RMod)
- 8. 8 CAiSE’13 Examples of mechanisms that RMod can encode and execute: − At the end of iteration, award each worker who scored better than the average score of his immediate neighbors. − Unless the productivity increases to a level p within n next iterations, replace team's current manager with the most-trusted of his subordinate workers. The Rewarding Model (RMod)
- 9. 9 CAiSE’13 PRINC Framework • Definition of system-specific artifacts, actions, attributes and relation types. • Definition and parameterization of metrics, messages, structural patterns and custom incentive mechanisms. Mapping Model (MMod)
- 10. 10 CAiSE’13 The Mapping Model (MMod) Example: Adapting a general incentive mechanism for a software testing company. DSL When a bug report is verified, award points to the submitter. library
- 11. 11 CAiSE’13 PRINC Framework • Declarative, domain-specific language. • High-level, platform independent, human-friendly notation. Incentive Model (IMod)
- 12. 12 CAiSE’13 We do not invent nor evaluate incentive mechanisms. Basic techniques, such as composition of mechanisms evaluated through simulation: DomainPro1 tool Evaluation 1 http://quandarypeak.com/
- 13. 13 CAiSE’13 Functional evaluation of RMod prototype. e.g. structural incentive mechanism rotating presidency. Evaluation internal rule representation 1. 2. 3.
- 14. 14 CAiSE’13 Functional evaluation Encoding real-world incentive schemes, e.g., lottery and shares Locationary.com Evaluation
- 15. 15 CAiSE’13 Conclusions: – Socio-technical systems need effective incentive management. – We presented a framework for modeling, composing, adapting, executing and monitoring portable incentive strategies. Current work: – High-level, user-friendly, graphical DSL. – Integration into the overall programming model for CASs. Future Work: – Determine best incentive practices in a given environment by learning from past incentive applications. Conclusion & Future Work
- 16. 25th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering June 17-21, 2013, Valencia, Spain Ognjen Scekic, Hong-Linh Truong, Schahram Dustdar Distributed Systems Group Vienna University of Technology http://dsg.tuwien.ac.at Modeling Rewards and Incentive Mechanisms for Social BPM Thank you! Questions?