Right Based-approaches and RTE Implications 2010, critically judge RTE Act 2010 pptx
- 1. Saeed Anowar M.A (Education ),University ofKalyani, M.Ed. (Education), SET, NET With jrf (Education), Ramakrishna Mission Sikshanamandira Belur Math howrah Ramakrishna Mission Shikshanamandira Topic : Explain briefly the Right based approach to Education, Critically Judge RTE Act 2010 in this perspective.
- 2. Concept of Rights-based approach to Education : "A right based approaches to development is a conceptual framework for the process of human development that is normatively based on international human rights standards and operationally directed to promoting and protecting human rights”. A rights-based approach to education rests on the human rights principles of non discrimination and equality, accountability and transparency, participation, empowerment, and the right to education to guide and organize all aspects of learning, from policy to the classroom.
- 3. Nature and Characteristics of Right based approach • A conceptual framework for the process of Human development. • Based on international human rights standards. • Operationally directed to promote and protect human rights. • Identifies Rights Holders and their entitlements.
- 4. • Identifies Duty Bearers and their obligations. • Give rise to legal obligation on the parts of others. • State is primary responsible while other states and non-State actors are responsible to contribution. • Works towards strengthening the capacities of rights holders to make their claims and of duty bearers to meet their obligations. Nature and character of Right based approach
- 5. • Five key human rights principles, also known as PANEL: Participation, Accountability, Non-discrimination and Equality, Empowerment and Legality. Core Principals of RBA 1. Participation 2. Accountability 3. Non-discrimination and equality 4. Empowerment 5. Legality
- 6. RIGHT TO EDUCATION IN INDIAN CONSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE Chapter I Preliminary Section-1 includes Short title, extent and commencement. Section-2 includes Definitions. CHAPTER II RIGHT TO FREE AND COMPULSORY EDUCATION ( include Section 3 to 5). Chapter-III Duties of Appropriate Government, Local Authority and Parents (include Section 6 to 11).
- 7. CHAPTER V CURRICULUM AND COMPLETION OF ELEMENTARY EDUCATION (include Section 29 to 30). CHAPTER VI PROTECTION OF RIGHT OF CHILDREN (include Section 31to 34). CHAPTER VII MISCELLANEOUS /due (include Section 35 to 39). RIGHT TO EDUCATION IN INDIAN CONSTITUTIONAL PERSPECTIVE
- 8. Achievements of Right to Education Act, 2010 • The RTE Act has successfully managed to increase enrolment in the upper primary level (Class 6-8). • Stricter infrastructure norms resulted in improved school infrastructure, especially in rural areas. • More than 3.3 million students secured admission under 25% quota norm under RTE. • It made education inclusive and accessible national wide.
- 9. IMPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES Quality of Education. • Ensure good quality education. Teacher ratio- 1:30- 9/ schools run by one teacher. • Drop out rate is 9.1/ has bought down to 6.8/ in 2010-11. • 63/ students of 3rd class could not identifies words and 21/ students could not read paragraph.
- 10. Neighbourhood. IMPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES • 1.29 Million Schools are required. • 8/ habitants and 7/ slums children do not have schools within 1 km. • 12/ school do not have all weather roads. • Right to education is illusion to minority and tribunal community in conflict zones.
- 11. Poor Infrastructure. IMPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES • Section 19- Norms of Schedule within 3 years by all school. • Most of the school do not have -one Acre area is difficult to comply. • Building, play ground, water drinking facility, latrine facility, no compound, no library facility and modern learning instrument. • One school in 10 private school comply norms.
- 12. IMAPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES Children's Problem. • 28 cores children School going age only 18 cores admitted to Schools. • Child definition. Juvenile Justice Act. Less than 6 and above 14 year. • Child Labour and Compulsory education is incompatible. • Street, Sex worker, Begging, migrated or mobile families children's education.
- 13. IMPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES Appointment and Quality of Teacher. • RTE requires still 12 lakh teachers but only sanctioned 6 lakh that also not filled. • Section 23 is silent about education qualification and salary. • 20/ teacher without professional qualification. It is too worst in Bihar, UPMP and West Bengal and Odisha. • Section 26- Authorities must ensure vacancy shall not exceed more than 10/.
- 14. Limitations of RTE Act • Five States namely Goa, Manipur, Mizoram, Sikkim and Telangana have not even issued notification regarding 25% seats for underprivileged children of society under the RTE. • More focus is being given over statistics of RTE rather than quality of learning. • Lack of teachers affect pupil- teacher ratio mandated by RTE which in turn affects the quality of teaching. • Children below 6 years are not covered under the Act.
- 15. Limitations of RTE Act • There is no focus on quality of learning, as shown by multiple ASER reports , thus RTE Act appears to be mostly input oriented. • Age group for which Right to Education is available ranges from 6 to 14 years of age only, which can be made more inclusive and encompassing by expanding it to 0 - 18 years. • Regarding the 'no detention' policy till class 8, an amendment to the Act in 2019, introduced regular annual exams in classes 5 and 8.
- 16. 1. NAGSUBIR, NAG SHINJINI (2019). CONTEMPORARY INDIA AND EDUCATION Rita Publication Beniatola Lane Kolkata, 700009. 2. Dr. Pal Debashis (2018), CONTEMPORARY INDIA AND EDUCATION, Rita Publication Beniatola Lane Kolkata, 700009. Reference Online Sources 1. https://indiankanoon.org/doc/44657711/ 2. http://dsel.education.gov.in/rte Books: 1. Sukanya Bose, Priyanta Ghosh and Arvind Sardana, “RTE and the Resource Requirements: The Way Forward,” National Institute of Public Finance and Policy, accessed 20 May 2019. 2. Sanchayan Bhattacharjee, “Ten Years of RTE Act: Revisiting Achievements and Examining Gaps”, ORF Issue Brief No. 304, August 2019, Observer Research Foundation. Journals: