Foreign Policy and Level of Analysis Problem
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The document discusses the complexities of foreign policy analysis, focusing on various sources and levels of analysis, including international, state, and individual factors. It highlights the systematic approaches states use to deal with international issues and the influence of governmental, societal, and individual sources on foreign policy decisions. The document also emphasizes the importance of analytical models in understanding and predicting foreign policy phenomena.
Foreign Policy and Level of Analysis Problem
- 2. • Foreign Policy • Sources of Foreign Policy • Level-of-Analysis • International / System level • State / Unit Level • Conclusion / Q-A Session OUTLINE
- 4. • The strategy of a state for dealing with the other state(s) • Systematic way to deal with International issues • A policy to promote, protect and defend nation’s goals • Sovereignty • Objectives • Sources FOREIGN POLICY
- 5. FP MAKING
- 6. • External Sources • International Geo-Politics • Interaction between State and Non-State actors • Realistic International Relations – EU, NATO • Societal Sources • Domestic Social & Political System • Shaped by history, ideology etc. – Manifest Destiny, Pro- Capitalism FP SOURCES OF FP
- 7. • Governmental Sources • FP shaped by the organization of the government • Dictated by the government – Post 9/11 US FP • Individual Sources • When skills, talent, prior experiences, personal decisions of a person determine shape of foreign policy • Bush’s invasion of Iraq and later justifications SOURCES OF FP
- 8. • Role Sources • Impact of office on FP makers • Extension or alteration of existing policy – US Afghan FP SOURCES OF FP
- 9. • J. David Singer • Professor of Pol. Science at Unit. of Michigan • An Analytical Model must be able to: • Describe the problem / phenomenon • Explain the problem / phenomenon • Predict the problem / phenomenon LEVEL OF ANALYSIS - MODEL
- 10. • Effectiveness in describing • Comprehensive but lacks specific details • Effectiveness in explaining • Advantage: manageable and helps making casual statements • Disadvantage: Exaggerates the impact of system on actors as well as suggests that every actors follows same motive • Effectiveness in predicting • Satisfactory but general predictions INTL. SYSTEM LEVEL ANALYSIS
- 11. • Effectiveness in describing • Specific, detailed but creates over differentiation among actors • Effectiveness in explaining • Advantage: highlights nation’s motives and method to achieve foreign policy goals • Disadvantage: goals and motivations are both dependent and independent variables, may limit the scope • Effectiveness in predicting • Predicts the FP of nations effectively NATIONAL STATE LEVEL ANALYSIS
- 12. • What is the most dominant factors / sources shaping foreign policy of your country? Recall the sources of FP Making • Analyze the North Korea event in the light of information presented. SUGGESTED DEBATE TOPICS