Arduino - A simple Introduction
- 2. An open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and software NID Kurukshetra
- 3. NID Kurukshetra What is an Arduino? • Arduino is a microcontroller used for basic electronic projects like controlling displays, switches, motors, sensors, lights and more. • Arduino is easily programmable and can be used very fast - it uses easily readable programming languages as well. An Arduino UNO Board
- 4. NID Kurukshetra What is a micro-controller? Atmel ATMEGA328P 32kb Memory 1kb EEPROM 2kb SRAM 23 I/O Lines 1.8-5.5 volts • A microcontroller, like the Arduino, is a tiny computer which does exactly what you tell it to do. • Like every other computer Arduino has a brain – A CPU, which also has all the characteristics of a computer. • It has components like a Processor, RAM, ROM etc. – but only in a very small scale • While a Desktop or Laptop computer does a lot of things at the same time, a microcontroller does only one and does it fast.
- 5. NID Kurukshetra How is Arduino different? • Historically microcontrollers were hard to use devices requiring the user to use Binary Code to program them and then use special hardware to upload the code to the controller. • Arduino, a company in Italy made the microcontroller by letting the user use simpler languages like C++ to program them. • We can write very simple human-readable code and use it directly in an Arduino Code written in Assembly Language – Hard to read and remember
- 6. NID Kurukshetra How is Arduino different? • Arduino is an open-source micro-controller – the company that made Arduino allows distribution of it free of cost. • We don’t have to buy Arduino directly from the company – there are hundreds of companies making and selling Arduino boards worldwide – making it highly accessible Arduino is an open-source microcontroller – one of the first of its kind
- 7. NID Kurukshetra Alternatives? • Since the inception of Arduino, there has been hundreds of micro-controllers that does the same and better than Arduino’s. • Raspberry Pi, LattePanda, Beaglebone Black, Intel Galileo and a lot more… • If you think your Arduino is not powerful enough, there are always more options to choose from - mind the cost and the user interfaces are different. A Raspberry-Pi Microcontroller Board
- 8. NID Kurukshetra Components of your Arduino UNO Important Parts of your Arduino UNO 1. USB Connector 2. Power Connector 3. Automatic Power switch 4. Digital Pins 5. Analog Pins 6. Power Pins 7. Reset Switch
- 9. NID Kurukshetra Where do I use the Arduino? • While Arduino is normally used for DIY(Do It Yourself) Projects, Arduino can also be used for Rapid Prototyping of Electronic Interfaces and Products. • Arduino is the underlying computer of any interface we make.
- 10. NID Kurukshetra What’s in my box? Electronic Components Breadboard • Breadboard is used for prototyping circuitry before making real PCBs to build them on. • Breadboards are easy to use and are solderless – wires can be easily plugged in or out to make simple circuits in the board.
- 11. NID Kurukshetra What’s in my box? Electronic Components Resistors • A resistor is an electrical component that limits or regulates the flow of electrical current in an electronic circuit. • Resistors can also be used to provide a specific voltage for an active device such as a transistor. • Resistance is measured in ohms, symbolized by the Greek letter omega (Ω).
- 12. NID Kurukshetra What’s in my box? Electronic Components Capacitors • A device used to store an electric charge, consisting of one or more pairs of conductors separated by an insulator. • The standard unit of capacitance is the farad, abbreviated. This is a large unit; more common units are the microfarad, abbreviated µF (1 µF =10-6F) and the picofarad, abbreviated pF (1 pF = 10-12 F).
- 13. NID Kurukshetra What’s in my box? Electronic Components Diodes • Function of a diode is to allow an electric current to pass in one direction (called the diode's forward direction), while blocking it in the opposite direction (the reverse direction)
- 14. NID Kurukshetra What’s in my box? Electronic Components Jumper Wires • Jumper wires are used to connect between components in a breadboard. • Jumper wires make life easier for DIY(Do-It-Yourself) projects since no soldering is required and they are easily removable and changeable.
- 15. What’s in my box? Electronic Components Displays The three major types of displays that can be used with an Arduino microcontroller are 1. LED Matrix Display 2. LCD Display 3. LED Digital Tube Display 2 1 3 NID Kurukshetra
- 16. NID Kurukshetra Let’s start using the Arduino • Arduino is programmed using the Arduino IDE • Arduino IDE is an easy-to-use interface used for programming micro-controllers like the Arduino. How do I program an Arduino? Go to http://arduino.cc and download the Arduino IDE Arduino.cc > Software > Downloads
- 17. NID Kurukshetra Go to File > Examples > Basics > Blink Let’s start using the Arduino How do I program an Arduino? Verify Code Upload to Arduino
- 18. NID Kurukshetra Where do I learn more? • TED on Arduino https://www.youtube.com/watch?time _continue=1&v=UoBUXOOdLXY • Documentary on Arduino https://vimeo.com/18539129 • Getting Started with Arduino https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/Ho mePage • Arduino Project Hub https://create.arduino.cc/projecthub • Buying Cheap Components https://robu.in • Arduino DIY Projects https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q UQta4f_87E References • Can we make robots as difficult to catch as flies? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ps zuBGqLCew