Cartoons and Animation
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This document discusses different types of cartoons and animation techniques. It describes various cartoon formats like single-frame cartoons, comic strips, comic books and manga. It also outlines conventions for cartoons like using frames, settings, characters, motion lines, typography and balloons. The document then explains traditional animation techniques like cel animation and limited animation. It also discusses stop-motion and computer-generated animation using 2D and 3D formats.
Cartoons and Animation
- 2. TYPES OF CARTOONS • Single –Framed Cartoons/Graffiti (Caricatures, Editorial, Humorous) • Multi-framed cartoons • Comic strips • Comic Books • Graphic Novels • Comix • Manga • Fumetti/fotonovelas
- 3. Cartoon = 2-D illustration
- 5. Caricatures
- 14. Comic Strips
- 17. Comic Books
- 20. Graphic Novels
- 21. Comix
- 22. Manga
- 24. Technical and Semiotic Conventions • Frame • Setting • Characters • Motion Lines • Typography • Balloons • Action Sequences
- 25. FRAME Top and bottom boxes or panels often contain narration and story explanations. Different sized frames increase visual interest.
- 28. SETTING The background illustrations might be highly stylized and simple as in a Peanuts cartoon or realistic and elaborate as in the Spider-Man comic strip. Often the artist conveys the seriousness of the cartoon by a high or low degree of leveling.
- 29. CHARACTERS As with the setting, the degree of realism with which the characters are drawn often indicates whether the strip is humorous or serious. Assimilation is the term used to describe the technique of exaggerating features, usually for a stereotypical effect.
- 32. MOTION LINES Mort Walker, creator of the popular strip Beetle Bailey, gave names to various movement lines: • hites- horizontal movement • vites- vertical movement • dites- diagonal movement, • agitrons- wavering or repetitive motions • briffits- little puffs of smoke or dirt • waftaroms- odors that float in the frame • plewds- sweat beads that pop up on a characters forehead that indicate nervousness
- 34. TYPOGRAPHY/LETTERING By recognizing differences in letter size and thickness, the reader becomes the actor, emphasizing important words either in the mind or out loud.
- 35. • The way dialogue of characters in comic strips is encircled is an example of a complicated semiotic structure. • The reader must learn to interpret the symbolism of the various balloon types BALLOONS
- 40. ACTION SEQUENCES • All the techniques utilized by motion picture directors are also used in cartoons. • Artists use close-ups, perspective and framing variations, special lighting effects, montage techniques, and panning and quick-cut editing to help move the action from frame to frame.
- 43. ANIMATION TECHNIQUES Almost all the cartoons intended for the print medium are created with either traditional pencil, pen, and ink materials or through computer software. Animated films, however, are made using three major techniques: Cel, stop-motion, and computer generated imagery (CGI).
- 44. Cel Animation Also called traditional and hand-drawn animation, this technique is divided into three types: Full, Limited, Rotoscoping
- 45. Full Animation This technique requires 24 frames per second for realistic movement-or for a 10 minute movie, more than 14,000 drawings. Early Disney classics and newer classics such as: Beauty and the Beast, the Lion King, Shrek 2, and Kung Fu Panda.
- 47. LIMITED ANIMATION As the name implies, this technique of cel animation uses fewer frames per second for a more stylistic and jerky appearance and can be seen in movies such as Yellow Submarine.
- 48. Model Animation Stop-motion Animation Clay Animation Puppet Animation
- 49. Computer-Generated Imagery (CGI) CGI comes in 2-D, 3-D and performance capture variations
- 50. Two-dimensional With 2-D effects, animation can be accomplished with traditional animation techniques that are transferred to a computer screen, as in the television series, “SpongeBob SquarePants”. In 2009 Walt Disney Animation Studious directors Ron Clements and John Musker introduced their 2-D hit The Princess and the Frog which reminded critics and viewers of the richly textured traditional look of Disney classics from the 1950’s.
- 51. Three-dimensional With 3-D animation, lifelike simulations of body movements are possible. The films Toy Story, Shrek, and Monsters, Inc. have a simulated realism about them that 2-D animation cannot supply.