Max Myanmar: Anti-Corruption - Policy, Procedures & Practices
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The document outlines anti-corruption initiatives and practices implemented by Max Myanmar Group, emphasizing transparency, integrity, and accountability to foster good corporate governance. It details various policies, risk assessments, and training programs aimed at combating corruption and promoting entrepreneurial dynamism across multiple countries. Additionally, it includes extensive statistical analyses on the relationship between corruption, perceived opportunity, and entrepreneurial intention, showcasing the company’s commitment to ethical standards.
Max Myanmar: Anti-Corruption - Policy, Procedures & Practices
- 1. Dr. Thaung Han Group Chief Operating Officer Ph.D., (Intl Business: Uni Texas EP) MBBS, DBL, EMBA (Ygn), MBA (Purdue) Policy, Procedures & Practices Max Myanmar Group of Companies ANTI -
- 2. 2 INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXTS AND ENTREPRENEURIAL DYNAMISM: Corruption, Distance to Frontier, Perceived Opportunity, and Entrepreneurial Dynamism by THAUNG HAN, M.B, B.S, D.B.L, M.B.A, M.B.A, DISSERTATION FOR DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY International Business Ph.D. Program THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT EL PASO March 5, 2014
- 4. 4 The conceptual model Economy Institutions Entrepreneurship Process Opportunity Intention Activity Corruption Entrepreneurship Economic Development
- 5. 5 Opportunity EconomyIntention/Action Corruption DTF Distance to Frontier Institution Theory Theory of Planned Behavior Fig 2. Hypothesized Model Social norm Capability Structuration Theory
- 6. 6 Fig 5. Know Startup Entrepreneurial Rate Fig 6. Nascent Entrepreneurial Activity Fig 4. Entrepreneurial Intention Fig 3. Perceived Opportunity
- 7. 7 Fig 7. Relationship Between Corruption And Opportunity In 45 Countries, 2011
- 8. 8 Fig 10. Relationship between Corruption and Opportunity 88 Countries, 2008 - 2012 (Wennekers et al., 2005)
- 9. Table 7. Descriptive Statistic and Correlation Matrix of 88 Countries
- 10. 10
- 11. 11 Fig 8. Interaction Effects of Distance To frontier (DTF) At Different Levels In 45 Countries
- 12. 12 DISTANCE TO FRONTIER (DTF) Fig 11. Interaction Effects of Distance To frontier (DTF) At Different Levels in 88 Countries
- 13. 13 Fig 14. Relationship between corruption and opportunity at different levels of income CORRUPTION
- 14. 14 Fig 12. Moderating Effect Of Corruption On The Relationship Between Opportunity And Intention in 88 Countries
- 15. Anti-Corruption Efforts at Max Myanmar Group Published Anti-Corruption Policy in 5th May 2014. Supported by Whistle Blowing Policy & Human Right Policy Restructured to become a Group of Companies with “Good Corporate Governance” : Transparency, Integrity, Responsibility http://www.maxmyanmargroup.com/index.php/about-us/corporate-governance http://www.maxmyanmargroup.com/index.php/about-us/corporate-governance/anti-corruption-policy Wage Increase Transparency Accountability Compliance Good Governance Integrity Responsibility To prevent the corruption To combat the corruption To promote the good governance
- 16. Policy • Express statement of Zero-Tolerance • Gift, Sponsorship, Entertainment, Facilitation guidelines (UNCAC Article 17) • Donation: Political Donation (UNCAC Article 16) • Extended to Cover Third-Party Procedures • Risk Assessment • Education / Awareness • Establish a merit system (UNCAC Article 7) • Training: :Orientation (UNCAC Article 60) :Scheduled training with Other CR Topics (Human Rights / OHS) Practices • Wages increase and added fringe benefits • Empowerment / Decentralization • Transparent Public Procurement: Tender Committee – (UNCAC Article 9) • Whistle Blowing (UNCAC Article 32) / Social Media (Facebook)/ Suggestion Box (UNCAC Article 13) • Grievance Handling • Sustainability Officer / Compliance Officer • Monthly / Quarterly Meeting Report • Refreshment Course for Management Policy, Procedures, Practices, & Proof
- 17. Audit • Internal Audit • External Audit • International Audit: Deloitte Strong financial management (UNCAC Article 11) Clear conflict of interest Transparency (UNCAC Article 10) Policy, procedures and practices are in-line with UNCAC principles. Assumed MCRB as independent, third party monitoring institution Corporate Responsibility (CR) Assessment by BSR in 2014 and 2015. Policy, Procedures, Practices, & Proof
- 18. ProofUN Global Compact Transparent procurement & sub-contracting ISO UN Global Compact Tender Committee Sub-contractor & Supplier Contract Promotion & Transfer Policy -Procedures ISO Spinning Off Key assets Policy, Procedures, Practices, & Proof
- 19. Risk Assessment & Follow-up action Tender Committee Third Party / Subcontractor / Supplier Engagement Promotion & Transfer Post Completion Survey UNGC Policy, Procedures, Practices, & Proof
- 20. Sustainability Matrix - Max Myanmar
- 21. Anti-Corruption Efforts at Max Myanmar Group BSR: Corporate Responsibility (CR) Assessment by BSR in 2014 and 2015 MCRB: Ranked 3rd in 2014 and 2nd in 2015 TiME report by MCRB MCRB is considered as a independent, third party monitoring / oversight Institution Global Witness c.f.i: Received Best ESG Transparency 2015 award by “c.f.i”
- 22. Reported Incidents Case 1 : Personal use of company’s cash while he is on duty for Accountant and Cashier Action Taken 1. Checked and reviewed from Management Team 2. Demotion 3. Assigned to repay the cash monthly Case 2 : Personal use of company’s payment to supplier while he is working as Supervisor Action Taken 1. Checked and reviewed from HOD and decided him to repay during one month 2. While he was assigned in rural area, he breached the social order again and so company asked him to resign himself and put him on the black list.
- 23. Reported Incidents Case 1 : Misuse of cash from toll collection / Bribery from co-worker Action Taken : Dismissed Case 2 : Misuse of cash from toll collection / Bribery from external company at Thanlwin division Action Taken : Dismissed Case 3 : Misuse of cash and incorrect data entry ledgers Action Taken : Dismissed
- 24. Other Incidents Case 1 : Action Taken : Case 2 : Action Taken : Case 3 : Action Taken :
- 25. Dr. Thaung Han Group Chief Operating Officer Ph.D., (Intl Business: Uni Texas EP) MBBS, DBL, EMBA (Ygn), MBA (Purdue) Thank you. Policy, Procedures & Practices
- 26. Fig. 8 Corruption Perception Index (CPI) 2012
- 27. 27 Table 2. Regression Analysis Coefficients Of Perceived Opportunity Variables ᵝ t ρ (Constant) 4.529 0 Corruption Perception Index (CPI) -2.062 * -2.107 0.041 Distance To Frontier (DTF) -0.078 -0.507 0.615 Gross National Income_Log Form (lnGNI) -0.561 * -2.39 0.022 CPI_Quadratic Term (CPI_Q) 2.582 ** 2.772 0.008 Model F 3.847 N 45 Adjusted R2 0.206 a. Dependent Variable: Perceived Opportunity b. Predictors: (Constant), CPI_Q, DTF , lnGNI, CPI The coefficients are standard regression coefficients *ρ < 0.10; **ρ < 0.05
- 28. Table 3 . Regression Coefficients of Moderating effects of Distance to Frontier (DTF) Model 1 Model 2 β p β p (Constant) 0.002 0.133 Corruption (CPI) -0.563** 0.04 1.379 0.254 lnGNI (Gross National Income) -0.628** 0.017 -0.722** 0.007 DTF (Distance to Frontier) -0.112 0.504 0.5610 0.204 CPI_DTF -1.807 0.103 Model F 2.209 2.426 Adjusted R2 0.076 0.115 N 45 45 Dependent Variable: Opportunity Predictors: (Constant), Corruption, GNI, DTF, CPI_DTF The coefficients are standard regression coefficients *ρ < 0.10; **ρ < 0.05
- 29. Table 4. Regression Analysis Coefficients of Entrepreneurial Intention Variables ᵝ t ρ (Constant) -0.255 0.8 Opportunity 0.397 ** 2.805 0.008 Capability 0.379 * 2.564 0.014 Know Startup Entrepreneur Rate -0.176 -1.215 0.231 Adjusted R2 0.298 Model F 7.214 N 45 a. Dependent Variable: Enetrepreneurial Intention b. Predictors: (Constant),Opportunity The coefficients are standard regression coefficients *ρ < 0.10; **ρ < 0.05
- 30. 30 Table 5. Régression Analysais Coefficients Of Moderating Effets Of Corruption in 45 Countries Variables Model 1 Model 2 β p β p Perceived Opportunity (PO) 0.485 0.000** 0.184 0.478 Capability (CAP) 0.193 0.171 0.171 0.223 Know Startup Entrepreneur Rate (KNOW) -0.217 0.940 -0.175 0.183 Corruption Perception Index (CPI) 0.451 0.001** 0.048 0.883 PO_CPI 0.524 0.185 N 45 45 Adjusted R2 0.466 0.476 Model F 10.586 9.007 Dependent variable: Entrepreneurial Intention Predictors: PO, CAP, KNOW, CPI, PO_CPI The coefficients are standardized regression coefficients *P < 0.10; ** P < 0.05;
- 31. Fig 9. Moderating Effect Of Corruption On The Relationship Between Opportunity And Intention in two levels
- 32. Table 9. Regression Analysis Coefficients of Entrepreneurial Intention ᵝ t ρ (Constant) -3.471 0.001 Perceived Opportunity 0.416 ** 4.453 0 Capability 0.433 ** 4.62 0 Know Startup Entrepreneur Rate -0.021 -0.296 0.768 Model F 42.005 Adjusted R2 0.591 N 88 a. Dependent Variable: Entrepreneurial Intention b. Predictors: (Constant),Perceived Opportunity, Capability, Know Startup Entrepreneur Rate The coefficients are standard regression coefficients *ρ < 0.10; **ρ < 0.05 Table 10. Regression Analysis Coefficients of Nascent Entrepreneurial Activity in 88 Countries β t p Constant 2.384 0.02 Corruption Perception Index -0.012 -0.087 0.93 lnGNI -0.119 -0.836 0.41 Distance to Frontier(DTF) -0.157 -1.468 0.15 Entrepreneurial Intention 0.457 ** 4.135 0 Model F 14.77 Adjusted R2 0.388 N 88 a. Dependent Variable: NAS b. Predictors: (Constant), Corruption Perception Index, lnGNI, Distance to Frontier (DTF), Entrepreneurial Intention The coefficients are standard regression coefficients *ρ < 0.10; **ρ < 0.05
- 33. 33 Table 11. Régression analysais coefficients of moderating effets in 88 Countries Variables Model 1 Model 2 β p β p Perceived Opportunity (PO) 0.445 0.000** 0.075 0.492 Capability (CAP) 0.297 0.000** 0.298 0.003** Know Startup Entrepreneur Rate (KNOW) -0.007 0.914 0.002 0.979 Corruption Perception Index (CPI) 0.244 0.002** -0.11 0.588 PO_CPI 0.587 0.062* N 88 88 Adjusted R2 0.651 0.645 Model F 37.74 31.865 The coefficients are standardized regression coefficients *P < 0.10; ** P < 0.05; Dependent variable: Entrepreneurial Intention Predictors: PO, CAP, KNOW, CPI, PO_CPI
- 34. Table 8. Regression Analysis Coefficients in 88 Countries ᵝ t ρ (Constant) 5.015 0 Distance To Frontier (DTF) -0.256 ** -2.177 0.032 Gross National Income_Log Form (lnGNI) -0.336 ** -2.232 0.028 Corruption Perception Index (CPI) Reverse Coded -1.117 ** -2.327 0.022 Corruption Perception Index Reverse Coded in Quadratic Term (CPIR-Q) 1.017 ** 2.136 0.036 Model F 6.545 Adjusted R2 0.203 N 88 a. Dependent Variable: Perceived Opportunity (PO) b. Predictors: (Constant),DTF, lgGNI, CPIR, CPIR_Q The coefficients are standard regression coefficients *ρ < 0.10; **ρ < 0.05
- 35. Table 6. Regression Analysis Coefficients of Nascent Entrepreneurial Activity (NAS) in 45 Countries β t p Constant 0.427 0.672 Corruption Perception Index -0.104 -0.57 0.574 lnGNI 0.042 0.224 0.824 Distance to Frontier(DTF) -0.054 -0.46 0.645 Entrepreneurial Intention 0.725 ** 5.843 0 Model F 15.105 Adjusted R2 0.562 N 45 a. Dependent Variable:NAS b. Predictors: (Constant), Corruption Perception Index, lnGNI, Distance to Frontier (DTF), Entrepreneurial Intention The coefficients are standard regression coefficients *ρ < 0.10; **ρ < 0.05