IRJET- Application of Revit as Building Information Modeling (BIM) for Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) to Building Construction Project- A Review

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 05 Issue: 10 | Oct 2018 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2018, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.211 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 11
Application of Revit as Building Information Modeling (BIM) for
Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) to Building Construction Project- A
Review
Shivadatta Yadav1, Prof. Gajanan Kanade2
1M. E. (Construction Management) Student, Civil Engineering Department, Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of
Engineering & Technology, Warananagar, Maharashtra, India
2Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, Tatyasaheb Kore Institute of Engineering & Technology,
Warananagar, Maharashtra, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - During the last three decades the construction
industry has seen drastic improvement of the use of IT. The
latest and most promising in these developments is the use of
Building Information Modeling(BIM). BIMcanbedescribed as
a tool that enables storage and reuse of information and
domain knowledge throughout the lifecycle of the project.
BIM has a main role of coordinating and integrating the
exchange of information and knowledge between different
disciplines and phases within the project. The use of BIM in a
construction project has the potential benefit of both
improving product quality and enabling more sustainable
designs of buildings. Even though the economic and
environmental benefits of BIM is widely acknowledged, the
adoption of this new technology has been slow.
This paper refers to Application of Revit as BIM for Integrated
Project Delivery (IPD) for Building Construction Project .Also
focus on current BIM trends, applications, benefits, possible
risks and future challenges of BIM for the Construction
industry.
Key Words: BIM, IPD, Revit, Construction, Integrated
model, AEC
1. INTRODUCTION
BIM is one of the most promising recentdevelopmentsin the
architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry.
With BIM technology, an accurate virtual model ofa building
is digitally constructed. This model, known as a building
information model, can be used for planning, design,
construction, and operation of the facility. When completed,
the building information model contains precise geometry
and relevant data needed to support the design,
procurement, fabrication and construction activities
required to realize the building.
Traditional project delivery systems offer a set of solutions
in each of these domains.Theyroutinelyproduceresultsthat
continue to disappoint owners and frustrate much of the
construction industry. Integrated Project Delivery (IPD)
seeks to systematically attack the deficiencies in each of
these domains.
Within the building industry, there is a growing interest in
IPD and the role Building Information Modeling can play in
promoting integration among building professionals and
improving design outcomes.
2. INTEGRATED PROJECT DELIVERY
Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) is a project delivery
approachthatintegratespeople,systems,businessstructures
and practices into a process that collaboratively harnesses
the talents and insights of all participants to reduce waste
and optimize efficiency through all phases of design,
fabrication and construction. The defining principles of IPD
include:
 Highly collaborative processes that span building
design, construction, and project handover.
 Leveraging the early contributions of individual
expertise.
 Open information sharing amongst project
stakeholders.
 Team success tied to project success, with shared
risk and reward.
 Value-based decision-making.
 Full utilization of enabling technologicalcapabilities
and support.
Below table explains the difference between Traditional
project delivery & Integrated project delivery
Table -1: Difference between the Integrated and
Traditional Project Delivery
TRADITIONAL
PROJECT
DELIVERY
INTEGRATED
PROJECT
DELIVERY (IPD)
Phases
Design,
Implementation
Design,
Implementation

Team
Hierarchical:
consultants
engaged on as
only-as-needed
basis
Collaborative:
consultants
engaged earlier in
the design process
Work effort
Surge of work
efforts occurs
late in the
process.
Surge of work
efforts occurs early
in the process
Decision making Late Early
Team
Knowledge
Surge of work
effort results in
knowledge drop-
off
Earlier Surge of
work effort results
in earlier
knowledge drop-
off
Collaboration
Limited
collaboration
between silos of
expertise
Increased
collaboration:
mutual respect
between parties
Data sharing Avoided Encouraged
Technology 2D/ 3D CAD 3D/4D BIM
Agreements/
Compensations
Standard
agreements;
goals and
objectives are
misaligned
Goals and
objectives aligned
through three-
party agreements
Risk
Performance
metrics
Higher Lower
3. BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING
The term “BIM” is often used interchangeably to describe
the end product (the model itself) as well as the process(the
building team using BIM as the project delivery method).
From a practical standpoint, the design team uses BIM as a
work process and means of communicating with one
another, the end product of which is the model. BIM can be
viewed as a virtual process that encompasses all aspects,
disciplines, and systems of a building within a single, virtual
model, allowing all design team members — owner,
architects, contractors, engineers and consultants — to
collaborate more accurately and efficiently than traditional
processes. As the model is being created, team members are
constantly refining and adjusting their portionsaccordingto
owner preferences, systems compatibility,anddesignintent
to ensure the model is as accurate as possible before the
project ever physically breaks ground. The model itself can
then be used to communicate design concepts to the owner
and calculate materials take-offs for cost estimation, as well
as for clash detection, which describes how the model
electronically checks to make sure building systems are
designed properly.
4. INTEGRATED PROJECT DELIVERY USING BUILDING
INFORMATION MODELLING
An integrated model has the entire data as listed below:
 Engineering visualization
 Helps users to visualize the building well in
advance before the structure is constructed.
 Documentation
 All project document are stored in a centralized
placed.
 Structural co-ordination
 All the structural co-ordinates can be easily
viewed in the IPD model
 MEP Co-ordination
 All the MEP co-ordinates can be easily viewed in
the IPD model
 Clash detection
 Major advantage of the model is Clash detection.
The routing of services can be efficiently made &
the clashing if any can be detected well before the
actual construction. This eventually helps the
contractor save time & material.
 Schedule & Quantities
 Project schedule madeinPrimaveraorMSPcanbe
imported in Naviswork.
 Accurate BOQ can be extracted from the
integrated Revit model.
5. REVIEW OF RESEARCH PAPER
Barry Jones (2014), The paper discusses a proposal for an
integrating partnership for decision-making at pre-
construction stages of major construction projects. IPD and
BIM form essential tools and strategies in this decision
environment. IPD linked to the “Big Room” concept will be
discussed. The paper will focus on some of the challenges
that are presented and ways that might assist in creating a
safer, greener, more sustainable environment. The
environment proposed is one that fully utilizesthestrengths
of intelligent collaborative computer agents that interact
with the multi-discipline pre-construction team to
interrogate and refine the design solution before
constructioncommences.All contributorsarecollaboratively
drawn into the design and pre-construction process.Time is
saved because a concurrent problem-solving approach is
adopted rather than a sequential problem-solving approach
that has typified pre-construction activities in the past. In
particular, the system proposed will assist the design
process to deliver safely-built sustainable buildings.
Ireneusz Czmoch & Adam PĊkala (2014), This paper
presents the history and development of the traditional

design in civil engineering. Next, the idea of Building
Information Modelling (BIM) and its practical benefits are
described. Main part of the paper is devoted to discussion
about what kind of difficulties we may encounter during the
implementation of the BIM technology and how they are
related to the potential benefits.
It is very important to conclude that BIM based design
can be effectively implemented in the design practice by
experienced designers.BIMallowsforsimplificationofmany
tasks and considerable savings both in terms of money and
time. However, the successful implementation of this
technology requires skillful design team who acts exactly in
accordance with BIM system procedures. Nowadays, given
the high cost of implementation, application of BIM is
profitable mostly for large projects. As the software and
hardware become cheaper, the accessibility of BIM would
spread over smaller projects. Doubtlessly, BIM is the most
complete designing tool, which can change radically the
designing process in the following years.
Joseph A Wright (2014), Building Information Modeling
(BIM) has been making significant inroads in the
construction industry in the early part of this century to the
point that now 4- and 5-dimensional models are common
practice. Software is also getting better at communicating
between packages without loss of data. The use of BIM has
significantly enhanced the ability to deliver satisfaction to
construction Owners by enabling the use of Integrated
Project Delivery (IPD) as the preferred method of project
delivery. However, there still is significant room for
improvement in the area of integrating the knowledge or
informational aspects of the constructed project. This paper
explores the need for the integration of information, or
emphasizing the “I” in BIM and IPD through the use of case
studies.
Saravanan S (2016), In construction projects, the life cycle
is implemented in a cradle to grave approach. It is split into
planning, design, construction,operation&maintenance and
facility management phases until theuseful lifeofthefacility.
Traditional project approaches that are used in the industry
still face a lot of challenges due to cost & schedule overruns
poor collaboration among the project participants and
inefficient ways of handling the constructed facility during
the implementation of the life cycle. In order to create an
interdisciplinary work environment among the project
participants, Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) process, a
substitute for traditional approaches focusing on defining
the roles of project participants and creating successful
project outcomes is introduced last decade. To execute the
IPD process, Building InformationModeling(BIM)whichisa
digital representation of physical and functional
characteristics of a facility in which the entire project
information that are used during each phases of the project
life cycle can be stored in a single database subsequently
providing a virtual model can be used as a tool.
Ryan T. Manning (2012), Integrated Project Delivery(IPD)
is a new method of project delivery that uses collaboration
and a team of key stakeholders (Owner, Architect/Engineer,
and Contractor) early in the life of a project to make the
process more efficient, optimize results, and reduce waste
(American Institute of Architects 2007). Building
Information Modeling (BIM) is a set of interrelated models
created by the project team that offers the ability to
exchange information. BIM embeds the three dimensional
model with detailed information, such as schedule and cost
data. When IPD and BIM are combined, the result can be a
very successful project that reduces claims from design
errors and omissions.
Challenges also present themselves when using IPD for
the delivery of a project, such as overcoming decades of
mistrust, lack ofcommunication,andopposition between the
Architect/Engineer and Contractor. There are some
insurability issues iii and legal concerns due to the
overlapping of the historical roles and responsibilitiesofthe
Architect/Engineer and Contractor that must be considered
when using IPD and BIM. The historical roles and
responsibilities have been defined by a history of case law
and legal disputes between the Architect/Engineer and
Contractor. These concerns and issues can be neutralized
within the IPD and BIM Agreement(s). This paper examines
some of the challenges, benefits, and risks presented when
using IPD and BIM. IPD and BIM are changing the way
projects are delivered with early, and often,interactionfrom
all parties involved in the project, and by creating a model
embedded with detailed information that will ultimately be
used to construct the project.
Simon Beveridge (2012), The research was undertaken to
determine the frequency and best practices of using BIM in
commercial construction. Leading commercial contracting
firms were contacted and employees were selected to
complete a telephone surveythatwasdesignedtodetermine
how they are using BIM. It was found that BIM is being used
with more frequency on projects, with plans to continue to
implement it even further on all projects that allow for its
use. Most companies are incorporating trade contractors in
their coordination meetings but aretakingtheleadto ensure
a high standard is maintained. Trade contractors are given
responsibility to resolve smaller clashes while bringing the
larger problems to the clash detection meetings. The model
quality being received is increasing as well the frequency of
models being received from the designteam;however,there
is a lack of consensus as to the level of development
requirement to ensure the model can be used for facilities
management. Commercial contractorsareadopting building
information modeling for a variety of reasons. Theseinclude
client requirements, innovative technology strategies, and
fear of being left behind. Overall, its use improves processes
within their companies. The general agreementisthatBIMis
having a positive impact onprofitability,schedulesandsales.
BIM further improves the efficiency, effectiveness and
competitiveness. The best practices undertaken by
commercial contractors include using BIM as a sales and
marketing tool, utilizing subcontractors knowledge and
allowing them to resolve minor clashes, having combination
of BIM teams and BIM experts and investing in training
employees and further development of BIM uses.
Aryani Ahmad Latiffi , Suzila Mohd , Narimah Kasim &
Mohamad Syazli Fathi (2013), The aim of this paper is to
explore BIM implementation in Malaysian construction
industry. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a set of
digital tools that can manage construction projects
effectiveness. BIM has been used by the Architecture,

Engineering and Construction (AEC) industries in Malaysia.
The idea to implement BIM in Malaysia was introduced by
the Director of Public Works Department (PWD) in 2007. A
literature review was done to explore previous BIM studies
on definitions and history of BIM, construction issues,
application of BIM and BIM tools in construction projects
as well as benefitsofBIM.Malaysiangovernmentencourages
construction players to apply BIM to construction projects
because it can overcome constructionprojectproblemssuch
as delay, clash of design by different professionals and
construction cost overrun. Autodesk tools have been
suggested by the government as a BIM tool platform. Other
tools include Revit Architecture, Revit Structural, RevitMEP,
Navisworks and Cost-X. It is crucial for construction players
to be aware of the importance of BIM application in
construction projects. This is because BIM can be one of the
conditions required of a company to qualify for government
and private projects, similar to what is practiced in some
other countries. Moreover, BIM helps to increase
construction project efficiency and effectiveness. It can also
be implemented to improve communication and
collaboration between construction players. The
implementation of BIM technology is expected to become
more widespread in Malaysian construction industry
because of the government’s efforts in promoting BIM.
6. CONCLUSIONS
Integrated project delivery is upon us already in useinsome
form on many projects and the source of intense discussion
for everyone in the building industry. BIM solutions enable
IPD and can deliver dramatic advances in building
technology, but the full potential of BIM will not be achieved
without adopting structural changes to existing project
delivery methods. Key issues regarding compensation,
contractual relationships, risk allocation, and soforthcan be
overcome.
The study until now was carried out on application of BIM.
Many researchers defineddifferentmethodsforeffective use
& use of BIM for IPD. This study will continue with
application of Revit as Building Information Modeling(BIM)
for Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) to Building
Construction Project by a questionnaire survey & actual
project case study.
REFERENCES
[1] Barry Jones, “Integrated project delivery (IPD) for
maximizing design and construction considerations
regarding sustainability”, ScienceDirect, Procedia
Engineering, 95, 2014, pp. 528-538
[2] Ireneusz Czmoch & Adam PĊkala, “Traditional Design
versus BIM Based Design”, Science Direct, Vol. 91, 2014,
pp 210– 215.
[3] Joseph A Wright, “Emphasizing the “I” in Building
Information Modeling and Integrated Project Delivery”,
49th ASC Annual International ConferenceProceedings,
2014
[4] Saravanan S, “A Study of Role of Building Information
Modeling in Life Cycle Based IntegratedProjectDelivery
Process”, International Research Journal of Engineering
and Technology (IRJET),Vol.3, 4 April 2016, pp 1305-
1309
[5] Ryan T. Manning, “Challenges, Benefits, & Risks
Associated with Integrated Project Delivery and
Building Information Modeling”, 2012
[6] Simon Beveridge, “Best Practices Using Building
Information Modeling in Commercial Construction",
2012
[7] Aryani Ahmad Latiffi , Suzila Mohd , Narimah Kasim &
Mohamad Syazli Fathi “Building Information Modeling
(BIM) Application in Malaysian Construction Industry”,
International Journal of Construction Engineering and
Management, Vol 2, 4, January 2013, pp. 1-6

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