Kingdom protist
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This document discusses protists, a kingdom of mostly microscopic eukaryotic organisms. It begins by asking questions to recall what is known about algae from grade 7. It then lists objectives about describing protist characteristics, classifying protists based on energy sources, and citing examples of useful and harmful protists. The document proceeds to explain and elaborate on different groups of protists, including phototrophs like algae that produce their own food, and heterotrophs that feed on other organisms. Specific examples are provided, such as green algae that can be eaten or used to make agar, brown algae that produce alginate, and red algae that change color. Harmful protists discussed include
Kingdom protist
- 2. ___P___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ROT I ST Engage:
- 4. What can you remember from Grade 7 about algae? Are they prokaryotes or eukaryotes? How were they classified?
- 5. Objectives: A. Describe the characteristics of organisms belong to kingdom protist.
- 6. Objectives: B. Identify the different groups of protist based on method of obtaining energy.
- 7. Objectives: C. Cite some example of protist with useful and harmful effect towards human being.
- 8. Explain: #firstgroup Task: determine the general characteristics of organisms in kingdom protist
- 9. Explain: #secondgroup Task: Identify the different groups of protist based on the method of obtaining energy.
- 10. Explain: #thirdgroup Task: Cite some useful or beneficial effect of protist to human beings.
- 11. Explain: #fourthgroup Task: Cite some harmful effect of protist to human beings.
- 12. Elaborate: Members of Kingdom Protista come from unrelated ancestors. This grouping is referred to by biologists as an artificial grouping. The inclusion of the large number of unicellular organisms under this kingdom is just for convenience.
- 13. Elaborate: Protists differ in size, movement and method of obtaining energy. Though most of protists are microscopic, some can grow to as high as several meters.
- 14. Elaborate: This group is also divided into a group with no permanent part for movement, those with cilia, and those with limited movement. Others which are nonmotile and form spores belong to the sporozoan group. Members of this group are all parasitic. Classification of Protist Phototrophs produce their own food. Heterotrophs feed on other organisms.
- 15. Elaborate: Phototrophs are like plants in that they have chlorophyll. This group includes the algae, dinoflagellates, and euglenoids.
- 16. Elaborate: Algae may be green, golden, brown or red.
- 17. Elaborate: The chlorophyll in green algae is not masked in contrast to the other members of the group Green algae differ in size and shape. Some are unicellular; others form colonies, sheets, filaments, tubes and ribbons. Some green algae are edible.
- 18. They grow on wet, humid rocks or bark of trees, in non-flowing canals, in seas, freshwater bodies and even polluted waterways. The marine green alga Caulerpa lentillifera is eaten fresh as salad
- 19. Figure 5. Examples of green algae (a) Chlorella, (b) Draparnaldia, (c) colonial Pediastrum, and (d) filamentous Spirogyra
- 20. Brown algae!
- 21. Brown algae are the largest of the algae species. Giant kelps, a member of this group can grow to more than 30 meters in length.
- 22. Uses of brown algae Alginate, the brown powder form of alginic acid, is naturally present in other brown algae. It is used as stabilizing, thickening or gel-forming agents in ice cream, candy, toothpaste, and cream cosmetics. Iodine can also be found in brown algae.
- 23. EUCHEUMA (Gozo)
- 24. Red algae can change color depending on whether they are exposed or hidden from light. When they are exposed to light, they are bright green in color. If they grow without much light, they are colored red.
- 25. Members of the group consist of both microscopic and large multicellular organisms. Most of them are found in marine waters.
- 26. E. muricatum is useful being a source of agar and carageenan. If you are fond of eating gulaman, note that it comes from agar. Eucheuma farming has become a source of livelihood in certain areas in Central Visayas and Mindanao. Uses:
- 27. Have you heard about “ RED TIDE”?
- 28. Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum EFFECT: dinoflagelates which produce toxins and cause paralysis of the diaphragm that can lead to death.
- 29. What is the danger of eating clams when red tide occurs?
- 30. Heterotrophs with no permanent structure for movement include the radiolarians, foraminiferans and amoeba. They move by means of the pseudopods or pseudopodia.
- 31. Examples of heterotrophs using pseudopodia for movement. foraminiferans radiolaria amoeba
- 32. Entamoeba histolytica is a harmful species of amoeba living in freshwater bodies. If present in underground Water, it can contaminate drinking water. Once this happens, the gastrointestinal tract is infected causing amoebiasis. If the protist invades the intestinal lining it leads to amoebic dysentery.
- 33. Why there's a need of proper sanitation
- 34. sporozoan group cannot move on their own. They may be free- living and parasitic.
- 36. Plasmodium are harmful for they cause malaria, a serious disease in humans. This malaria-causing sporozoan is transmitted to humans by Anopheles mosquito. In the Philippines malaria is still constantly present in certain areas.
- 37. generalization: Give at least three uses of protists.
- 38. generalization: Cite at least one harmful effect of a protists.
- 39. Extend: Bring some example of edible mushrooms or a bread with molds.