Passive Design Principles - Windows
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The document discusses the importance of retrofitting existing homes using passive design principles to enhance energy efficiency and comfort while reducing pressure on energy grids. It highlights the role of building orientation, thermal mass, ventilation, and insulation in achieving effective passive design, particularly in response to climate conditions. With Australia’s growing population and associated energy demands, implementing these principles in new constructions is essential for sustainable living.
Passive Design Principles - Windows
- 1. Welcome! Retrofitting Existing Homes! ! Passive Design Principles Windows! ! VIDEO! ! ! !
- 2. Why Bother?! • • ! • • ! Population growth in Australia has doubled in last 50 years ! Everything we do puts pressure on the environment and therefore the energy grids.! Canada 2003 blackout - 10 million people in Ontario and 45 million in 8 US states.! Due to hot days, increased usage and load on power station, back up and computer fails, resulting in:! 256 power plants offline! • Water supply cut off due to pumps not working potentially • contaminating water.! Transportation, communication and industry down.! •
- 3. ! What can we do?! ! Having an efficient home means:! - Lower running costs ! - Less or zero pressure on the grid! - Improved quality of life / comfortable living! ! ! ! Question ! ! ! ! !
- 4. ! ! ! Passive Building Design ! ! ! windows, walls, and floors are made to collect, store, and distribute energy from the sun in the form of heat in the winter and reject solar heat in the summer, without using any mechanical devices.! ! ! ! new -vs- existing! ! ! !
- 5. 7 Passive Design Principles - Windows! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Orientation ! In the southern hemisphere, ! Summer - sun rises in South East and sets in South West! Winter - sun rises North East and sets in North West! (Azimuth Calculators for exact altitude, time, date etc)! ! ! The orientation of a building plays an important part in ensuring the passive design principles work
- 6. 7 Passive Design Principles - Windows! ! Climate Zone ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Key Design SUBTROPICAL:! Responses ! • • • • • • • • • • Lightweight Construction! Cross Ventilation Techniques! Exposure for Breezes! Evaporate Cooling or Ceiling Fans! Shade whole building where possible in summer! Allow passive solar access in winter months only! Shade all east and west walls or glass! Insulation considerations! Light colours! Screened & Shaded outdoors
- 7. ! 7 Passive Design Principles - Windows! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Thermal Mass Thermal mass in the interior absorbs the sunlight and radiates the heat at night. ! !
- 8. 7 Passive Design Principles - Windows! ! ! Insulation & Air Leakage! Buffers & Cracks or Gaps! ! ! ! ! ! ! Glazing/Shading! ! Heat Flow or! Heat Transfer! ! ! ! ! Ventilation! ! ! ! ! Air Movement! ! Zoning! Placement of Furnitures, Fixtures & Fittings !
- 9. Orientation! ! - Consider which aspect the window is facing and the impact of this! ! ! ! Its Summer in Brisbane.! ! ! What could we do to this room to ! reduce:! ! ! - the solar heat in the morning?! ! ! - the solar heat in the afternoon? ! ! !
- 10. Orientation - ! Solution! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! 1.Tree/Shrubs or Shading! 2.Dual Blinds! 3.Window Toppers! !
- 11. ! Climate Zone / Ventilation! Key ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Design Responses SUBTROPICAL:! ! • Lightweight Construction! • Cross Ventilation Techniques! •E x p o s u r e f o r Breezes! • Evaporate Cooling or Ceiling Fans! • Shade whole building where possible in summer! • Allow passive solar access in winter months only! • Shade all east and west walls or glass! • Insulation considerations! • Light colours! • Screened & Shaded outdoors Building height and depth play a huge role in the structure's ability to effectively pull outside air through occupied spaces. ! ! ! In a nutshell, upper floors & roofs have exposure for more breeze than lower levels.
- 12. Climate Zone / Ventilation - ! Solution! ! ! ! ! ! OPEN THE WINDOWS! ! ! ! or retrofit for improved cross ventilation:! ! • adding flyscreens to doors and windows! • building quote to create new window (or equivalent ventilation system)! !
- 13. ! Insulation/Zoning & Air Leakage! ! ! Window are the biggest cause of heat transfer, both in & out.!
- 14. Insulation/Zoning & Air Leakage -! Solution! ! !! ! Curtains/Blinds! ! • Acrylic Gap Filler! Create a Thermal Mass to prevent leakage! ! • • Glazing Room Zoning! Furniture can be strategically placed for comfort ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Double Glazing or Glass Thickness! ******************! All on instances! ! ******************! ! Check if solution negates priority for Climate Zone
- 15. Glazing/Shading! ! ! ! 1. Energy passes through the glass. 2. Energy is reflected away from the glass. 3. Energy is absorbed within the glass. ! Therefore, total solar energy is either reflected, transmitted or absorbed. These actions are always expressed in percentages that will always total 100%. ! ! ! ! !
- 16. Glazing/Shading - ! Solution! ! ! ! ! ! ******************! All on instances! ! ******************! ! Check if solution negates priority for Climate Zone ! ! ! ! ! ! Solar Film - Number represents the % of light that gets in through film! ! Overhangs or Window Awnings - ones that can be folded away will give you flexibility of stopping solar gain in summer or attracting it in
- 17. ! ! ! ! ! Our population is growing fast and with it increased load on energy grid & the environment.! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Passive Design renders a home efficient, creating natural sources of heating or cooling, increasing our quality of life and comfort.! !
- 18. Passive Design Principles should be the key component to ALL newly built homes! They should consider:! ! ! Orientation! ! ! Thermal Mass/Comfort! ! Zoning ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Climate Zone! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Air Leakage!! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Ventilation! Insulation! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! Glazing/Shading! ! ! ! !
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