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Industrial	
  Strength	
  QM/MM:	
  Computa8onal	
  high	
  throughput	
  	
  
       screening	
  of	
  enzyme	
  ac8vity	
  in	
  enzyme	
  mutants	
  
               Jan	
  H.	
  Jensen,	
  Mar$n	
  Hediger,	
  Luca	
  De	
  Vico,	
  Kasper	
  Primdal,	
  	
  
                                 Allan	
  Svendsen,	
  Werner	
  Besenma=er	
  

                                               Department	
  of	
  Chemistry	
  
                                               University	
  of	
  Copenhagen	
  



                                    Slides	
  at:	
  h=p://Fnyurl.com/bsqbojf	
  




             MarFn	
  R.	
  Hediger,	
  Luca	
  De	
  Vico,	
  Allan	
  Svendsen,	
  Werner	
  Besenma=er,	
  Jan	
  H.	
  Jensen	
  	
  
     “A	
  ComputaFonal	
  Methodology	
  to	
  Screen	
  AcFviFes	
  of	
  Enzyme	
  Variants”	
  PLoS	
  ONE,	
  submi=ed.	
  
                                                  h=p://arxiv.org/abs/1203.2950	
  
Slides	
  at:	
  h=p://Fnyurl.com/bsqbojf	
  

                                                Industrial	
  enzyme	
  design	
  

                                High-­‐through	
  put	
  screening	
  of	
  100s	
  of	
  mutants	
  
                               IdenFfies	
  promising	
  candidates	
  for	
  further	
  study	
  

                                              ComputaFonal	
  predicFon:	
  
                                                Homology	
  modeling	
  
                                                            QSAR	
  
                               (QM	
  or	
  QM/MM	
  too	
  slow	
  and	
  lacks	
  automaFon)	
  
                               IdenFfies	
  promising	
  candidates	
  for	
  further	
  study	
  


                                                        Further	
  study:	
  
                                                        20-­‐50	
  mutants	
  


                                                               Goal	
  

Automated	
  predicFon	
  of	
  barrier	
  height	
  for	
  enzymaFc	
  reacFon	
  within	
  24	
  hr	
  using	
  <	
  10	
  cores	
  
                     IdenFfies	
  promising	
  candidates	
  for	
  further	
  study	
  	
  
Methods	
  

                         PM6	
  implemented	
  in	
  Mopac2009	
  (MOZYME)	
  

                                 Automated	
  mutant	
  builder	
  (PYMOL)	
  

                                     Barrier	
  from	
  adiabaFc	
  mapping	
  

                                           Applica$on	
  
                        Increase	
  amidase	
  acFvity	
  in	
  an	
  estarase	
  (CalB)	
  




        MarFn	
  R.	
  Hediger,	
  Luca	
  De	
  Vico,	
  Allan	
  Svendsen,	
  Werner	
  Besenma=er,	
  Jan	
  H.	
  Jensen	
  	
  
“A	
  ComputaFonal	
  Methodology	
  to	
  Screen	
  AcFviFes	
  of	
  Enzyme	
  Variants”	
  PLoS	
  ONE,	
  submi=ed.	
  
PM6	
  is	
  good	
  enough	
  
PM6	
  and	
  MOZYME	
  
MOZYME	
  =	
  PM6	
  computed	
  with	
  MOZYME	
  
       PM6	
  =	
  PM6//MOZYME	
  
 MOZYMEReortho	
  =	
  MOZYME//MOZYME	
  
PM6/MOZYME	
  is	
  fast	
  enough	
  

                         55	
  aa	
  




 MOPAC2009	
  
No	
  parallelized	
  
PM6/MOZYME	
  is	
  fast	
  enough	
  


OpFmizaFon	
                                      Single	
  point	
  
IRENE Conference
IRENE Conference
Future	
  Direc$ons	
  

             Whole	
  protein	
  
           COSMO	
  solvaFon	
  
          More	
  automaFzaFon	
  
            Be=er	
  sampling	
  

Complete	
  scan	
  of	
  single	
  mutants	
  
Single	
  -­‐>	
  double	
  -­‐>	
  triple	
  mutants	
  

        PM6	
  in	
  GAMESS	
  
       Linear	
  scaling	
  PM6	
  
       PM6/PCM	
  interface	
  
AlternaFves	
  to	
  adiabaFc	
  mapping	
  

          Beyond	
  PM6:	
  EFMO	
  
Blurring	
  the	
  boundary	
  between	
  linear	
  scaling	
  QM,	
  
                             QM/MM	
  and	
  polarizable	
  force	
  fields	
  

                       The	
  Effec@ve	
  Fragment	
  Molecular	
  Orbital	
  Method	
  

    Jan	
  H.	
  Jensen,	
  Casper	
  Steinmann,	
  Mikael	
  Wistoi	
  Ibsen,	
  Kasper	
  Thoie	
  
                                      University	
  of	
  Copenhagen	
  

                                                         Dmitri	
  Fedorov	
  
                                                          AIST,	
  Japan	
  



Casper	
  Steinmann,	
  Dmitri	
  G.	
  Fedorov,	
  and	
  Jan	
  H.	
  Jensen	
  “ The	
  EffecFve	
  Fragment	
  Molecular	
  Orbital	
  Method:	
  
A	
  Merger	
  of	
  the	
  Fragment	
  Molecular	
  Orbital	
  and	
  EffecFve	
  Fragment	
  PotenFal	
  Methods”	
  	
  
Journal	
  of	
  Physical	
  Chemistry	
  A	
  2010,	
  114,	
  8705-­‐8712	
  

Casper	
  Steinmann,	
  Dmitri	
  G.	
  Fedorov,	
  and	
  Jan	
  H.	
  Jensen	
  “ The	
  EffecFve	
  Fragment	
  Molecular	
  Orbital	
  Method	
  
for	
  Fragments	
  Connected	
  by	
  Covalent	
  Bonds”	
  PLoS	
  ONE,	
  submi=ed.	
  h=p://arxiv.org/abs/1202.4935	
  
                                                                                                                                                  11	
  
The	
  Effec$ve	
  Fragment	
  Molecular	
  Orbital	
  (EFMO)	
  method	
  
  Using	
  ideas	
  from	
  the	
  EffecFve	
  Fragment	
  PotenFal	
  (EFP)	
  
   and	
  the	
  Fragment	
  Molecular	
  Orbital	
  (FMO)	
  method	
  	
  




                                                                                  12	
  
The	
  Effec$ve	
  Fragment	
  Molecular	
  Orbital	
  (EFMO)	
  method	
  
            (Using	
  ideas	
  from	
  the	
  EffecFve	
  Fragment	
  PotenFal	
  (EFP)	
  method)	
  




  Monomer	
  SCF	
  in	
  the	
  
      gas	
  phase	
  

  Extract	
  mulFpoles	
  
and	
  dipole	
  polarizability	
  




                                                                                                        13	
  
The	
  Effec$ve	
  Fragment	
  Molecular	
  Orbital	
  (EFMO)	
  method	
  
              (Using	
  ideas	
  from	
  the	
  EffecFve	
  Fragment	
  PotenFal	
  (EFP)	
  method)	
  




Many-­‐body	
  polariza$on	
  

 Computed	
  classically	
  
 using	
  induced	
  dipoles	
  
   for	
  enFre	
  system	
  




                                                                                                          14	
  
The	
  Effec$ve	
  Fragment	
  Molecular	
  Orbital	
  (EFMO)	
  method	
  
          (Using	
  ideas	
  from	
  the	
  EffecFve	
  Fragment	
  PotenFal	
  (EFP)	
  method)	
  




   Coulomb	
  and	
  
Non-­‐Coulomb	
  effects	
  

   dimer	
  SCF	
  in	
  the	
  
      gas	
  phase	
  




                                                                                                      15	
  
The	
  Effec$ve	
  Fragment	
  Molecular	
  Orbital	
  (EFMO)	
  method	
  
      (Using	
  ideas	
  from	
  the	
  EffecFve	
  Fragment	
  PotenFal	
  (EFP)	
  method)	
  




Coulomb	
  effects	
  

Computed	
  using	
  
staFc	
  mulFpoles	
  




                                                                                                  16	
  
MP2	
  
(DFT	
  doesn’t	
  scale	
  well)	
  

                                        +	
  0	
  




                                                     17	
  
Covalent	
  Fragmenta$on	
  
(ElectrostaFc	
  screening	
  crucial)	
  




                                             18	
  
Implemented	
  in	
  GAMESS	
  
                                                                                                                               With	
  gradients	
  

                                                                                                                                     Trp	
  cage	
  (20	
  residues)	
  
                                                                                                                                      2	
  residues/fragment	
  




	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  EFMO	
  	
  	
  FMO2	
  
Error	
  in	
  energy	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  -­‐4.3	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  6.4	
  	
  kcal/mol	
  

MP2/6-­‐31G(d)	
  gradient	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  314	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  409	
  	
  minutes	
  
20	
  cores	
  
(most	
  Fme	
  spent	
  in	
  MP2	
  dimers)	
  




                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   19	
  
QM/”MM”	
  
                                                 PCM	
  




Large	
  parts	
  of	
  MM	
  region	
  	
  
          oien	
  	
  frozen	
  	
  
                   =	
  
 Requires	
  only	
  monomer	
  	
  
  gas	
  phase	
  calculaFons	
  
         for	
  that	
  region	
  
                   =	
  
            Very	
  fast	
  




                                                             20	
  
To	
  Do	
  

Flexible	
  EFP/Polarizable	
  “Force	
  Field”	
  
                    covalent
                    dimers

                     ∑ (E                                 )
           N
E EFMO = ∑ EI0 +                0
                                IJ    − EI0 − EJ − EIJ
                                               0    POL

           I           IJ


                (                           )
           N
        + ∑ EIJ + EIJ /CT + EIJ + Etot
             ES    XR        Disp  POL

           IJ




         Important	
  miscellanea	
  

  EFMO	
  GUI:	
  FRAGIT	
  (Mikael	
  Ibsen)	
  

TS	
  search	
  algorithms	
  (Kasper	
  Thoie)	
  

                                                              21	
  
Funding:	
  	
  EU	
  (IRENE	
  collab	
  program)	
  




                   Thank	
  You!	
  

                   Ques$ons?	
  




      Slides	
  at:	
  h=p://Fnyurl.com/bsqbojf	
  




                                                         22	
  

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IRENE Conference

  • 1. Industrial  Strength  QM/MM:  Computa8onal  high  throughput     screening  of  enzyme  ac8vity  in  enzyme  mutants   Jan  H.  Jensen,  Mar$n  Hediger,  Luca  De  Vico,  Kasper  Primdal,     Allan  Svendsen,  Werner  Besenma=er   Department  of  Chemistry   University  of  Copenhagen   Slides  at:  h=p://Fnyurl.com/bsqbojf   MarFn  R.  Hediger,  Luca  De  Vico,  Allan  Svendsen,  Werner  Besenma=er,  Jan  H.  Jensen     “A  ComputaFonal  Methodology  to  Screen  AcFviFes  of  Enzyme  Variants”  PLoS  ONE,  submi=ed.   h=p://arxiv.org/abs/1203.2950  
  • 2. Slides  at:  h=p://Fnyurl.com/bsqbojf   Industrial  enzyme  design   High-­‐through  put  screening  of  100s  of  mutants   IdenFfies  promising  candidates  for  further  study   ComputaFonal  predicFon:   Homology  modeling   QSAR   (QM  or  QM/MM  too  slow  and  lacks  automaFon)   IdenFfies  promising  candidates  for  further  study   Further  study:   20-­‐50  mutants   Goal   Automated  predicFon  of  barrier  height  for  enzymaFc  reacFon  within  24  hr  using  <  10  cores   IdenFfies  promising  candidates  for  further  study    
  • 3. Methods   PM6  implemented  in  Mopac2009  (MOZYME)   Automated  mutant  builder  (PYMOL)   Barrier  from  adiabaFc  mapping   Applica$on   Increase  amidase  acFvity  in  an  estarase  (CalB)   MarFn  R.  Hediger,  Luca  De  Vico,  Allan  Svendsen,  Werner  Besenma=er,  Jan  H.  Jensen     “A  ComputaFonal  Methodology  to  Screen  AcFviFes  of  Enzyme  Variants”  PLoS  ONE,  submi=ed.  
  • 4. PM6  is  good  enough  
  • 5. PM6  and  MOZYME   MOZYME  =  PM6  computed  with  MOZYME   PM6  =  PM6//MOZYME   MOZYMEReortho  =  MOZYME//MOZYME  
  • 6. PM6/MOZYME  is  fast  enough   55  aa   MOPAC2009   No  parallelized  
  • 7. PM6/MOZYME  is  fast  enough   OpFmizaFon   Single  point  
  • 10. Future  Direc$ons   Whole  protein   COSMO  solvaFon   More  automaFzaFon   Be=er  sampling   Complete  scan  of  single  mutants   Single  -­‐>  double  -­‐>  triple  mutants   PM6  in  GAMESS   Linear  scaling  PM6   PM6/PCM  interface   AlternaFves  to  adiabaFc  mapping   Beyond  PM6:  EFMO  
  • 11. Blurring  the  boundary  between  linear  scaling  QM,   QM/MM  and  polarizable  force  fields   The  Effec@ve  Fragment  Molecular  Orbital  Method   Jan  H.  Jensen,  Casper  Steinmann,  Mikael  Wistoi  Ibsen,  Kasper  Thoie   University  of  Copenhagen   Dmitri  Fedorov   AIST,  Japan   Casper  Steinmann,  Dmitri  G.  Fedorov,  and  Jan  H.  Jensen  “ The  EffecFve  Fragment  Molecular  Orbital  Method:   A  Merger  of  the  Fragment  Molecular  Orbital  and  EffecFve  Fragment  PotenFal  Methods”     Journal  of  Physical  Chemistry  A  2010,  114,  8705-­‐8712   Casper  Steinmann,  Dmitri  G.  Fedorov,  and  Jan  H.  Jensen  “ The  EffecFve  Fragment  Molecular  Orbital  Method   for  Fragments  Connected  by  Covalent  Bonds”  PLoS  ONE,  submi=ed.  h=p://arxiv.org/abs/1202.4935   11  
  • 12. The  Effec$ve  Fragment  Molecular  Orbital  (EFMO)  method   Using  ideas  from  the  EffecFve  Fragment  PotenFal  (EFP)   and  the  Fragment  Molecular  Orbital  (FMO)  method     12  
  • 13. The  Effec$ve  Fragment  Molecular  Orbital  (EFMO)  method   (Using  ideas  from  the  EffecFve  Fragment  PotenFal  (EFP)  method)   Monomer  SCF  in  the   gas  phase   Extract  mulFpoles   and  dipole  polarizability   13  
  • 14. The  Effec$ve  Fragment  Molecular  Orbital  (EFMO)  method   (Using  ideas  from  the  EffecFve  Fragment  PotenFal  (EFP)  method)   Many-­‐body  polariza$on   Computed  classically   using  induced  dipoles   for  enFre  system   14  
  • 15. The  Effec$ve  Fragment  Molecular  Orbital  (EFMO)  method   (Using  ideas  from  the  EffecFve  Fragment  PotenFal  (EFP)  method)   Coulomb  and   Non-­‐Coulomb  effects   dimer  SCF  in  the   gas  phase   15  
  • 16. The  Effec$ve  Fragment  Molecular  Orbital  (EFMO)  method   (Using  ideas  from  the  EffecFve  Fragment  PotenFal  (EFP)  method)   Coulomb  effects   Computed  using   staFc  mulFpoles   16  
  • 17. MP2   (DFT  doesn’t  scale  well)   +  0   17  
  • 18. Covalent  Fragmenta$on   (ElectrostaFc  screening  crucial)   18  
  • 19. Implemented  in  GAMESS   With  gradients   Trp  cage  (20  residues)   2  residues/fragment                                                                                                      EFMO      FMO2   Error  in  energy                                                -­‐4.3                6.4    kcal/mol   MP2/6-­‐31G(d)  gradient                  314              409    minutes   20  cores   (most  Fme  spent  in  MP2  dimers)   19  
  • 20. QM/”MM”   PCM   Large  parts  of  MM  region     oien    frozen     =   Requires  only  monomer     gas  phase  calculaFons   for  that  region   =   Very  fast   20  
  • 21. To  Do   Flexible  EFP/Polarizable  “Force  Field”   covalent dimers ∑ (E ) N E EFMO = ∑ EI0 + 0 IJ − EI0 − EJ − EIJ 0 POL I IJ ( ) N + ∑ EIJ + EIJ /CT + EIJ + Etot ES XR Disp POL IJ Important  miscellanea   EFMO  GUI:  FRAGIT  (Mikael  Ibsen)   TS  search  algorithms  (Kasper  Thoie)   21  
  • 22. Funding:    EU  (IRENE  collab  program)   Thank  You!   Ques$ons?   Slides  at:  h=p://Fnyurl.com/bsqbojf   22