How To Create RDS Database for WordPress in AWS on RHEL 7 or CentOS 7
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The document provides step-by-step instructions for creating an RDS database in AWS for a WordPress site. The key steps include: 1. Launching the RDS console and clicking "Get Started Now" to begin the process. 2. Selecting MySQL as the database engine and configuring settings like the instance class, storage, and security parameters. 3. Downloading an SSL certificate for secure connectivity and configuring database options like the database name and port. 4. Completing additional advanced settings for the VPC, subnet group, and security before launching the DB instance.
How To Create RDS Database for WordPress in AWS on RHEL 7 or CentOS 7
- 1. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress i | P a g e Table of Contents Overview.......................................................................................................................................................1 Applies To......................................................................................................................................................1 Pre-Requisites ...............................................................................................................................................1 RDS Database................................................................................................................................................1 Launch RDS Console..................................................................................................................................1 Select Engine – Database..........................................................................................................................2 DB Instance – High Availability .................................................................................................................2 DB Instance – Specifications .....................................................................................................................3 DB Instance – Settings...............................................................................................................................3 DB Instance – Configure Advanced Settings.............................................................................................4 DB Instance – Database Options...............................................................................................................5 DB Instance – Backup................................................................................................................................5 Backup Retention Period ......................................................................................................................5 Backup Window ....................................................................................................................................6 DB Instance – Maintenance......................................................................................................................6 Auto Minor Version Upgrade................................................................................................................6 Maintenance Window...........................................................................................................................6 DB Instance – View Your DB Instance.......................................................................................................7 DB Instance – Launch Status - Creating ....................................................................................................8 DB Instance – Launch Status - Available ...................................................................................................8 DB Instance – Configure Security Group...................................................................................................9 DB Instance – Configure Security Group – Add Rule ................................................................................9 DB Instance – MySQL Workbench – Parameters....................................................................................10 DB Instance – Connect MySQL Workbench – SSL...................................................................................11 DB Instance – Connect MySQL Workbench............................................................................................12 DB Instance – RDS DB Connection – SSL CA Download..........................................................................13 MySQL – RDS DB Connection - SSL Certificate Connectivity...................................................................13 MySQL – SSL Certificate Connection – DB ..............................................................................................14 MySQL – Non SSL Connectivity ...............................................................................................................14 Configure SELinux .......................................................................................................................................15 SELinux – httpd .......................................................................................................................................15
- 2. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress ii | P a g e SELinux – httpd .......................................................................................................................................16 WordPress – Download Package ................................................................................................................16 WordPress - Extract Package ......................................................................................................................17 WordPress – Configure Database Parameters........................................................................................17 WordPress - Launch Portal......................................................................................................................18 Troubleshooting..........................................................................................................................................19 Error establishing a database connection...............................................................................................19 Error Message.....................................................................................................................................19 Cause...................................................................................................................................................19 Resolution ...........................................................................................................................................19
- 3. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 1 | P a g e Overview One of the main features in AWS environment is RDS database, wherein database does need a server to create a database. You just need to create a new instance and start utilizing the database service, once you configure the security group and you need to establish connection via endpoint. Applies To RHEL 7, CentOS 7, AWS, RDS – MySQL Pre-Requisites MySQL workbench (optional) if you want to connect from Windows machine RDS Database RDS Database. It’s completely different from the way a conventional database where you build a server and install MySQL server, client packages and create the database and create the required access privileges. Launch RDS Console Launch “RDS” from different AWS services from the AWS Management Services Console, when you click on “RDS Dashboard” will be launched. If it’s a first time you are launching it, you will be seeing the below screen, to create a new Instance, click on “Get Started Now”.
- 4. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 2 | P a g e Select Engine – Database Next step is to choose database engine that needs to be created. In this document we are creating MySQL instance, so click on “MySQL” and click on “Select” button. DB Instance – High Availability Next step is to choose whether the database have to be configured in “Multi-AZ Deployment” which is the database would be configured in more than one availability zone for higher availability or choose it to be a standalone database, typically for a non-production deployments.
- 5. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 3 | P a g e DB Instance – Specifications Next step, after selecting DB Engine choose Instance options and configurations. Options When to choose DB Engine Version Choose the Version that you intend to deploy, typically depends on the application compatibility DB Instance Class Choose the compute, memory and workload, depends on workloads Multi-AZ Deployment Choose, wherein High-availability is mandatory Storage Type Depends on the application needs and IOPs required for the application performance Allocated Storage 5 GB Size DB Instance – Settings Next step, select the database settings and parameters. Setting Purpose DB Instance Identifier DB instance identifier, unique identifier for the AWS account Master Username Set master username for the database Master Password Set master password for the database Confirm Password Set the master username password
- 6. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 4 | P a g e DB Instance – Configure Advanced Settings Next step is to configure advanced settings, wherein security parameters is set or configured. Also ensure that you download the “SSL Certificate” if you intend to connect securely, click on link “new certificate bundle” Setting Purpose VPC If you intend to create new VPC wherein you DB will be configured on different VPC and DB Subnet group Subnet Group Default or new subnet group to be configured, according to the VPC option Publicly Accessible If the database is accessible within VPC or publicly Availability Zone Choose the default, ideally choose in the EC2 configured zone VPC Security Group(s) Configure the authorized network to connect to database
- 7. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 5 | P a g e DB Instance – Database Options Next step is to configure database options, wherein database options. Setting Purpose Database Name Database name to be created by the RDS installation process Database Port Database service port to be configured DB Parameter Group Choose the configuration setting for the version (container for the engine) Option Group Amazon RDS uses option groups to enable and configure these features. An option group can specify features, called options, that are available for a particular Amazon RDS DB instance Copy Tags To Group Select this option to have any DB instance tags copied to a DB snapshot when you create a snapshot. Enable Encryption Encrypt data transfer and data stored DB Instance – Backup Next step is to configure database backup retention and backup window options. These two options are by default enabled. Backup Retention Period One of the feature wherein database or backup administrators take of is configuring backup and subsequently retention period wherein the previous backup that needs to be retained. Currently it can be configured anywhere between 1 to 35 days.
- 8. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 6 | P a g e Backup Window When you configure Backup retention period, “Backup Window” should also be configured according to the business needs and within stipulated timeframe. If you need the backup should be done at specific time intervals, choose the “Backup Window” option and set the “Start Time” and “Duration” parameters. Backup window should not be configured same as “Maintenance Window” and also ensure that you have given sufficient time to complete the backup task, such that ongoing backup should not be disrupted. See the “Maintenance Window”. Hence it is very import to configure backup windows that doesn’t overlap with maintenance activity. DB Instance – Maintenance Once you have configured backup options. Next step is to configure “Maintenance”. There are two options. Auto Minor Version Upgrade The first option is to choose the “Auto Minor Version Upgrade” wherein minor database upgrade will be done automatically, when the option is set to “Yes”. Maintenance Window When you configure Upgrade to “Yes”, “Maintenance Window” should also be configured according to the business needs. If you need the maintained activity to be implemented at specific time intervals, choose the “Maintenance Window” option and set the “Start Time” and “Duration” parameters. Maintenance window should not be configured same as “Backup Window” and also ensure that you have given sufficient time to complete the backup task, such that ongoing backup should not be disrupted. See the “Backup Window”. Hence it is very import to configure backup windows that doesn’t overlap with maintenance activity. After configuring this option, click on “Launch DB Instance”.
- 9. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 7 | P a g e DB Instance – View Your DB Instance After configuring all the options and clicking on “Launch DB Instance”, you can view the launch status by clicking the “View Your DB Instance” button.
- 10. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 8 | P a g e DB Instance – Launch Status - Creating When you click on “View Your DB Instance” button, you DB instance current creation status will be displayed. In order to connect the Database Instance that we launched, we will have to wait till the Status is set / updated to “available” and “Endpoint” is shown. DB Instance – Launch Status - Available After creating the DB Instance is created, the status will be set to “available” and endpoint for the DB instance will be displayed and the authorized networks will also be set. Endpoint is nothing but “hostname” for MySQL client connect string and authorized is nothing but security groups configured list.
- 11. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 9 | P a g e DB Instance – Configure Security Group In order to connect to the database you need to configure security group in the AWS Management console with the IP Address range for the port 3306. To add a new rule or modify click on security “Group ID”. Click on “InBound” tab and click on “Edit” button. DB Instance – Configure Security Group – Add Rule After adding the new rule, click on “Save” button. After that you can establish connection to the database. Setting Purpose Type Choose type of connection (MySQL/Aurora) Database Port Automatically updated Source Add access rule for the Source IP from where the database connection would to be established Connect from – Anywhere (0.0.0.0/0), My IP and Custom IP
- 12. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 10 | P a g e DB Instance – MySQL Workbench – Parameters Once the instance status is set to “available”, Create a new the MySQL workbench connection. Configure New connection as per the below parameters and click on “Test Connection” and “OK” button. Parameters Values Hostname copy and paste endpoint string from RDS Instance information Username Username, set during the “DB instance – Settings” section Password Password, set during the “DB instance – Settings” section
- 13. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 11 | P a g e DB Instance – Connect MySQL Workbench – SSL Optionally, you can configure SSL Certificate downloaded from AWS Portal. https://s3.amazonaws.com/rds-downloads/rds-combined-ca-bundle.pem Download the security file when configuring “Network & Security” option.
- 14. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 12 | P a g e DB Instance – Connect MySQL Workbench Once saved, double click on the saved connection, you should be able to launch SQL query window. Database server information is displayed.
- 15. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 13 | P a g e DB Instance – RDS DB Connection – SSL CA Download Optionally, you can configure SSL Certificate downloaded from AWS Portal. Download the SSL CA certificate for RDS database instance connection. When configuring the network & security section click on download link “new certificate bundle”. wget https://s3.amazonaws.com/rds-downloads/rds-combined-ca-bundle.pem MySQL – RDS DB Connection - SSL Certificate Connectivity Connect the database with SSL certificate with specific database. mysql -h mywordpress.cnntryehtcnj.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -umywordpressdb -pmywordpressdb --ssl-ca=/root/rds-combined-ca-bundle.pem -s
- 16. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 14 | P a g e MySQL – SSL Certificate Connection – DB Connect the database with SSL certificate with specific database. mysql -h mywordpress.cnntryehtcnj.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -umywordpressdb -pmywordpressdb --ssl-ca=/root/rds-combined-ca-bundle.pem -Dmywordpressdb MySQL – Non SSL Connectivity Connect the database without SSL certificate with specific database. mysql -h mywordpress.cnntryehtcnj.us-east-1.rds.amazonaws.com -umywordpressdb - pmywordpressdb -Dmywordpressdb
- 17. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 15 | P a g e Configure SELinux One of the important step after configuring wordpress database is to configure SELinux and enable “httpd network db connection”. This step is applicable when the SELinux is enabled. SELinux – httpd To list all SELinux attributes that can be configured httpd related SELinx parameters that can be configured can be listed with command “getsebool -a | grep httpd” though we need to configure database connectivity to get filter by below command. getsebool -a | grep httpd_can_network
- 18. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 16 | P a g e SELinux – httpd Modify current state of particular SElinux boolean; for httpd database connection via network should be set to “on” to turn off modify the object to “off”, which is 0. setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_db 1 WordPress – Download Package Download the WordPress package on the server, run the command. wget http://wordpress.org/latest.tar.gz
- 19. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 17 | P a g e WordPress - Extract Package Extract the package in the DocumentRoot folder of Apache httpd server. cd /var/www/html tar -zxf latest.tar.gz WordPress – Configure Database Parameters Configure the database connection parameters for the WordPress portal in the configuration file “wp- config.php”. Setting Purpose DB Name Configured database name (database – settings) Master Username Configured username Master Password Set master password for the database Confirm Password Set the master username password
- 20. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 18 | P a g e WordPress - Launch Portal Launch the WordPress portal and configure the Site Information, administrator username, password and email ID. Once you are done posting administrator information click on “Install WordPress” button. http://WordPressServerIP/wordpress/
- 21. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 19 | P a g e Troubleshooting Error establishing a database connection Error Message Cause SELinux is not configured to establish database connection for httpd service. To verify this run the command; getsebool -a | grep httpd_can_network Resolution Since WordPress connects to a database SELinux needs to be configured via httpd service, you need to turn on SELinux attribute “httpd_can_network_connect_db”. setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect_db 1
- 22. How To Create RDS Database in AWS for WordPress 20 | P a g e