Universal Serial Bus (USB) Deep Dive Technology Exploration for AV Design and Integration
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The document discusses the evolution and technical details of USB technology, highlighting the transition from USB 2.0 to USB 3.0, along with the introduction of USB Type-C. It explains the operational theory, including power delivery, connector types, and the significance of eye pattern and signal propagation. The potential of USB Type-C is emphasized as it unifies various forms of connectivity, paving the way for future advancements in device design and functionality.
Universal Serial Bus (USB) Deep Dive Technology Exploration for AV Design and Integration
- 1. Joseph D. Cornwall, CTS-D, CTS-I Technology Evangelist
- 2. Our Agenda USB History Welcome The AV Unicorn Alternate Mode Connecting USB To The World USB Operational Theory Eye Pattern, Power & Pyramids
- 3. Universal Serial Bus USB Was Designed To Standardize The Connection Of Computer Peripherals –Replaced Serial And Parallel Ports –Eliminated The Need For Separate Power Supplies For Devices –Allows For “Hot Swapping” –Connect Up To 127 “Devices” –Allows The Flow Of Information Into AND Out Of A Computer (Host)
- 5. USB 2.0 “A” and “B” USB Type A and Micro B USB 3.0 “A” and “B” Comparison of USB 2.0 and 3.0 Connectors
- 6. Types of USB Connectors USB 3.0
- 7. USB’s Relationship With Time ▪USB 2.0 is a half-duplex system that operates within rigid time constraints where hubs and functions must respond to the host within a tightly defined time frame ▪5 Meter USB length limitation is derived from this time constraint Velocity of propagation is a measure of how fast a signal travels over time. In computer technology, the velocity of propagation of a signal is the speed of transmission through a physical medium such as a cable or fiber.
- 8. The Need for Speed, USB 3.0 ▪Increases conductor count from 4 to 9 ▪4.8Gbps versus 480Mbps ▪Asynchronous full duplex operation ▪Better power efficiency, powers more devices from a hub
- 9. The Importance of Eye Pattern Due to eye pattern constraints, USB 3.0 is limited to about 3 meters link-length in practice
- 10. USB Connectivity Pin 1 Vbus Pin 2 D- Pin 3 D+ Pin 4 Ground Pin 1 Ground Pin 2 USB OTG Address Bus Pin 3 D+ Pin 4 D- Pin 5 Vbus USB “A“ Connector USB “Micro B“ Connector
- 11. USB Functions Any device that can transmit or receive data is known as a “function” –A mug warmer, for example, doesn’t transmit data and is, therefore, not a function Devices may be composite or compound –Composite = 2 functions with a “virtual” hub –Compound = 2 functions with an actual hub
- 12. Understanding Hubs Hubs consist of 3 components –Repeater - connects and releases functions –Controller - communicates with the host –Transaction translator – controls speeds Hubs are self-powered or bus powered
- 13. Example Of 7-Port USB Hub In Tier Occupied Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 Tier Occupied In Port 4 Port 5 Port 6 Port 7
- 14. Understanding Extender Systems USB’s inherent time limitations allow for cable length of no more than 5 meters Hubs regenerate the signal and are repeaters Almost all USB extenders are seen by the host as a hub
- 15. USB SuperBooster Converts USB signal to a proprietary signal USB superbooster systems do not have to occupy a tier ▪ Superbooster systems may use NAK (not acknowledged) communication protocol to “get around” system latency ▪ Data packet not accepted; please retransmit
- 16. The Universal Battery Existing USB technology specifies a 5V (+/-5%) power supply –In USB, power is delivered in quanta of unit loads –Single unit load in USB 1.1 & 2.0 is defined as 100mA –High-power devices draw up to the maximum number of unit loads permitted (5 unit loads) USB 1.1, 2.0 and 3.1(gen 1) all treat power similarly
- 17. USB On One End, HDMI On The Other Established in 2010 • Current installed base of more than 1.4 billion devices
- 18. “The cloning of humans is on most of the lists of things to worry about from science, along with behavior control, genetic engineering, transplanted heads, computer poetry and the unrestrained growth of plastic flowers.” ─ Lewis Thomas Engineering The Future In C
- 19. Symmetrical, Compact, Powerful… USB Type-C is the physical “form factor” • Designed for 10,000 plug/unplug cycles • Robust enough for laptops and tablets; slim enough for mobile phones “This next generation of USB technology opens the door for the invention of an entirely new, super thin class of devices that consumers haven’t even seen yet”
- 21. Type C Pin Out
- 22. “Power corrupts. Absolute power is kind of neat.” ─ John Lehman USB Type-C and Power
- 23. Is Now USB Power Delivery
- 24. USB Power Delivery Profiles
- 25. This Will Redefine Docking A desktop monitor will charge and communicate with smartphones, tablets or laptops via a single port that provides power, video, audio, data and control.
- 26. Marker and Billboard Chips Interconnects and devices will use embedded marker and billboard chips to ensure all devices can handle proposed power levels.
- 27. “Any sufficiently advanced technology is indistinguishable from magic.” ─ Arthur C. Clarke Alternate Mode
- 28. Alternate Realities… ▪Pop up menu shows potential USB Type-C connection choices and modes ▪ Includes support for external MIDI devices like keyboards. ▪ Builds on some of the audio features Google introduced in Lollipop, including a reduction in latency, multichannel audio stream mixing, and support for USB microphones, amplifiers, speakers, and other accessories. ▪ It is even possible for USB Type C to support analog ear buds and a microphone for hands-free operation. It will do this through the Alternate Mode channel.
- 29. USB Type C Alternate Mode
- 30. Type C Pin Out
- 31. USB Type-C Leverages DP 1.1 Active Conversion
- 32. Coming Soon!
- 33. ▪ USB Type C has the ability to unify desktop connectivity, making data, video, audio and control available thru a single link ▪ USB Type C defines a new connector ▪ USB 3.1 defines a new performance level ▪ USB PD defines a new association with power supply and flow ▪ USB Type C, USB 3.1 and USB PD may be implemented as discrete elements in new product design ▪ USB Type C supports DisplayPort, HDMI and even analog 3.5mm audio/microphone capabilities in Alternate Mode ▪ Major device manufacturers are investing heavily in USB Type C technology