Installation Issues for Converged AV/IT Systems
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The document discusses the integration of audiovisual (AV) and information technology (IT) systems, outlining the evolving standards, technologies, and infrastructure used for convergence. It highlights the need for cooperation between AV and IT professionals, addressing the importance of standardized documentation, network management, and the use of structured cabling. Additionally, it illustrates various components of AV/IT systems, installation practices, and testing protocols for ensuring efficient performance.
Installation Issues for Converged AV/IT Systems
- 1. 1 © 2015 InfoComm International® Installation Issues for Converged AV/IT Systems Andre LeJeune, CTS © 2015 InfoComm International® About InfoComm Academy® • Extensive offering of audiovisual courses designed by experts and taught by AV professionals • Delivered
- 2. 2 © 2015 InfoComm International® www.infocomm.org © 2015 InfoComm International® Working with IT Professionals • Specific means of documentation • International standards (EIA, TIA, ISO, ITC, etc.) • Industry standard construction methods: – BICSI • Conservative new technology adoption • Content is mostly information; desktops • Only one or two cabling types
- 3. 3 © 2015 InfoComm International® Working with AV Professionals • Non-standard documentation • Lack of standards • Proprietary techniques • Constant new technology adoption • Content is multimedia, large rooms • Many cabling types © 2015 InfoComm International® What IT People Care About • Smooth operations – no downtime • Unified “build” of computers • Security of network • Scheduled backups • Help Desk operations
- 4. 4 © 2015 InfoComm International® Audiovisual and Network Signals • Audio: microphone, line, loudspeaker • Video: composite NTSC, PAL, SECAM • TV: Radio Frequency (RF) • HDTV: DVI, HDMI, IEEE 1394 (Firewire) • Broadcast: SDI, AES/EBU • Computer Data: RGBHV (VGA) • Control: Closures, TTL, serial, infrared (IR) • Network: Ethernet • Combinations: Proprietary © 2015 InfoComm International® Traditional Audiovisual/Control Block Diagram 6
- 5. 5 © 2015 InfoComm International® What is AV/IT Convergence and Why? • Began with multi-room control • Existing IT infrastructure • Mature digitization technologies • Videoconferencing • Inter-building audiovisual transport • Enterprise management • Consolidation of resources © 2015 InfoComm International® “Hybrid” Audiovisual/Control Block Diagram using Structured Cabling 8 8 88 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 6
- 6. 6 © 2015 InfoComm International® Where Are We Now with AV/IT? • Traditional audiovisual technology is very mature, very robust – but limited • “Hybrid” AV/IT systems use structured cabling but traditional AV signals • Videoconferencing, streaming media are almost all IT now • High bandwidth networks • Bottlenecks © 2015 InfoComm International® “Converged” AV/IT Block Diagram
- 7. 7 © 2015 InfoComm International® AV/IT Project Cooperation and Coordination • Unusual locations for information outlets • Floor and wallboxes, furniture connectivity • Wireless technology policies • Network segregation • IP addresses • Use of structured cabling • Firewalls © 2015 InfoComm International® The IT Domains • IT infrastructure is highly organized in standard formats: – Demarcation room – Data center – Backbone cabling – Information closets – Horizontal cabling – Information outlets
- 8. 8 © 2015 InfoComm International® The IT Domains: The Demarcation Room • Secure entry point for voice/data services to building • Sometimes redundant services • Access for service providers: – Voice/data lines (T1, E1, etc.) – Copper trunks – ISP (Internet Service Provider) – Cable television © 2015 InfoComm International® The IT Domains: The Data Center • Secure entry • Environmentally controlled • Organized: equipment racks • Uninterruptible power • Servers, routers, switches • May or may not have operations stations
- 9. 9 © 2015 InfoComm International® The IT Domains: Backbone Cabling • Interconnections between telecommunications rooms, equipment rooms, and entrance facilities • Cables • intermediate and main cross-connects • Patch cords or jumpers used for cross- connections • Extensions between buildings in a campus environment. © 2015 InfoComm International® The IT Domains: The IDF • Data Closets (IDF) • Located throughout building • Patch points • Fiber/copper • Switches, routers • Sometimes “video:” CATV, SAT
- 10. 10 © 2015 InfoComm International® IDF Installation Example © 2015 InfoComm International® The IT Domains: The Information Outlet • Data jacks • Usually copper cabling, RJ-45 (8-pin modular) connectors • May be Fiber-To-The-Desktop • Mulitple jacks in each outlet, according to the enterprise’s standard • “Flood” the facility
- 11. 11 © 2015 InfoComm International® Following Cabling Guidelines • IT professionals prefer to see all cabling comply to their facility standard • Use building cabling or run new cabling? © 2015 InfoComm International® Infrastructure Devices: Table Boxes • Doors/pockets • Pop-up • Flip-up • Custom • Audiovisual • Power • Information outlet
- 12. 12 © 2015 InfoComm International® Infrastructure Devices: Structured Cabling • Information Outlets: RJ-45 • Category 5, 5e, 6 • Fiber optic cabling • IDF (Intermediate Data Frame) • MDF (Main Data Frame) • BICSI, RCDD (Building Industry Consulting Service International Inc.) © 2015 InfoComm International® Infrastructure Devices: Electrical Pathways • Tray • Conduit • Ladder rack • Trough • “Wiremold” • Bridal rings • J-Hooks
- 13. 13 © 2015 InfoComm International® Example: Hybrid AV / IT Courtroom Audio/Audiovisual System © 2015 InfoComm International® CAT What? • “Category - #” cable and performance standards correspond to bandwidth- carrying capabilities, attenuation, and Near-End Crosstalk (NEXT) of system Standard Freq. Range (MHz) Atten. (dB) NEXT (dB) CAT-5 1-100 100 Kbps 24 27.1 CAT-5E 1-100 1 Gbps 24 30.1 CAT-6 1-250 1 Gbps 21.7 39.3 CAT-7* 1-600 1-10 Gbps 20.8 62.1 *CAT-7 is a proposed standard: new connector
- 14. 14 © 2015 InfoComm International® IT Terminations • Punch Blocks • RJ-45 (8-pin modular) Connectors • Fiber Optics – Telephone Type – Data Type We will do the first two….. © 2015 InfoComm International® IT Patch Bays: • Every line must run through a patch bay • Usually equipment racks in an IDF (data closet) and MDF (data center) have a standard number of patch bays and patch points • No “normalled” connections
- 15. 15 © 2015 InfoComm International® UTP Wiremap • Two main termination standards – T568A – T568B • Verify which standard your client is using for the enterprise! Gn/wht, Gn, Orng/wht, Blue, Blue/wht, Orng, Brn/wht, Brn Orng/wht, Orng, Grn/wht, Blue, Blue/wht, Grn, Brn/wht, Brn © 2015 InfoComm International® UTP Pinout • Straight-through • Crossover
- 16. 16 © 2015 InfoComm International® Testing – Network Cabling Infrastructure – Network Performance © 2015 InfoComm International® Why Infrastructure Testing? – Clients require a “certified” cabling system – Robust infrastructure and network – Network may have problems with streaming media – Network administrator
- 17. 17 © 2015 InfoComm International® 4 Levels of Network Testing • Wiremap (correct “pin-out”) – Basic Level: Cables pass signals • Cable Verification – Cabling conforms to basic capability standards • Network Certification – Network cabling conforms to bandwidth standards – Ready to turn on active components • Network Operation – Identification of network components – IP Addresses © 2015 InfoComm International® Network Certification • Cabling verification PLUS: • Performance and Speed Verification: – Signal speed carrying specifications to 1 gigabit – Interconnect specifications – Quality of the signal – Real-time testing of cable capability – Measurement of signal quality
- 18. 18 © 2015 InfoComm International® Installation Issues • CAT# cable maximum pull force 25 lbs. • Do not crush cable in any way: – Velcro cable ties • Minimum bend radius 1” (25 mm) • Conform to conduit/material codes • Conform to building standards • Alien crosstalk (AXT) • Proximity to power sources © 2015 InfoComm International® Bandwidth and the Network • Bandwidth is a range of frequencies that passes through a system • “Speed” of the network • “Size of the pipe”
- 19. 19 © 2015 InfoComm International® Performance PASS/FAIL • Testers are programmed with performance parameters and indicate PASS or FAIL • Tester must be told what type of cable is being used © 2015 InfoComm International®
- 20. 20 © 2015 InfoComm International® www.infocomm.org +1 703.273.7200