IPv6 Addressing Plan Fundamentals
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The document discusses IPv6 addressing plans and fundamentals. It covers how IPv6 addresses are distributed from IANA to RIRs to ISPs and end users. Key topics include assigning /64 subnets, minimum allocation sizes, IPv6 subnetting, different address notation formats, benefits of creating an addressing plan, and considerations for addressing plans for ISPs and point-to-point links. An exercise demonstrates drafting an addressing plan for a sample network topology.
IPv6 Addressing Plan Fundamentals
- 1. IPv6 Addressing Plan Fundamentals Nathalie Trenaman Trainer, RIPE NCC Tuesday, 24 April 2012 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 2. IP Address Distribution /3 IANA /12 RIR /32 LIR /48 /56 /48 End User Allocation PA Assignment PI Assignment 2 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 3. IPv6 Address Basics • IPv6 address: 128 bits - 32 bits in IPv4 • Every subnet should be a /64 • Customer assignments (sites) between: - /64 (1 subnet) - /48 (65,536 subnets) • Minimum allocation size /32 - 65,536 /48s - 16,777,216 /56s 3 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 4. IPv6 Subnetting IPv6 Subnetting 2001:0DB8:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000 0000:0000 64 bits interface ID /64 /60 = 16 /64 /56 = 256 /64 /52 = 4096 /64 /48 = 65536 /64 /32 = 65536 /48 Contact Training Services: ts@ripe.net Follow us on Twitter: www.twitter.com/TrainingRIPENCC www.ripe.net 4 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 5. Address Notation 2001:0db8:003e:ef11:0000:0000:c100:004d 5 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 6. Address Notation 2001:0db8:003e:ef11:0000:0000:c100:004d 2001:db8:3e:ef11:0:0:c100:4d 5 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 7. Address Notation 2001:0db8:003e:ef11:0000:0000:c100:004d 2001:db8:3e:ef11:0:0:c100:4d 2001:db8:3e:ef11: :c100:4d 5 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 8. Address Notation 2001:0db8:003e:ef11:0000:0000:c100:004d 2001:db8:3e:ef11:0:0:c100:4d 2001:db8:3e:ef11: :c100:4d 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 5 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 9. Why Create an IPv6 Addressing Plan? • Mental health during implementation(!) • Easier implementation of security policies • Efficient addressing plans are scalable • More efficient route aggregation 6 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 10. IPv6 Address Management • Your Excel sheet might not scale – There are 65.536 /48s in a /32 – There are 65.536 /64s in a /48 – There are 16.777.216 /56s in a /32 • Find a suitable IPAM solution 7 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 11. Addressing Plans for ISPs • A /48 per pop can be used - separate blocks for infrastructure and customers - document address needs for allocation criteria • Use one /64 block (per site) for loopbacks - One /128 per device - One /64 contains enough /128s for 18.446.744.073.709.551.616 devices 8 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 12. More On Addressing Plans for ISPs • For private networks, look at ULA • For servers you want manual configuration • Use port numbers for addresses - pop server 2001:db8:1::110 - dns server 2001:db8:1::53 - etc... 9 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 13. Point-to-Point Connections • How much space for point-to-point connections? - RFC4291: Interface IDs are required to be /64 - RFC3627: Use of /127 between routers considered harmful - RFC6547: RFC3627 to Historic Status - RFC6164: Using /127 on Inter-Router links • Be safe: reserve a /64, assign a /127 per point-to-point connection 10 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 14. Addressing Plan Exercise (1) POP3 DMZ guest vlan cr1.office NOC vlan server vlan POP1 POP2 mail sw 1 colo 1 www cr1.pop1 cr1.pop2 proxy colocated customer vlans usenet voip cr2.pop1 cr2.pop2 sw 2 colo 2 DNS AR2 DSL switch layer 3 switch router firewall customers 11 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 15. Addressing Plan Exercise (2) POP1 Infrastructure loopback addresses mail server vlan www server vlan proxy server vlan usenet server vlan VoIP server vlan DNS server vlan cr1.pop1 cr2.pop1 sw1 sw2 POP2 cr1.pop2 cr2.pop2 colo1 colo2 POP3 DMZ guest vlan NOC vlan server vlan Customer Assignments DSL Customers (3000) Colocation Customers (1000) 12 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 16. Customers And Their /48 • Customers have no idea how to handle 65536 subnets! • Provide them with information – https://www.ripe.net/lir-services/training/material/IPv6- for-LIRs-Training-Course/IPv6_addr_plan4.pdf 13 Wednesday, April 25, 2012
- 17. Questions? Wednesday, April 25, 2012