1 A The Human Body Intro.ppt
- 1. The Human Body Introduction and Orientation
- 2. Opening Assignment: Organize the following words into the fewest groups Eyes, Stomach, Kidney, Digestion, Respiration, Umbilicus, Gluteus Maximus, Reproduction, Cells, Urinary Bladder, Mitosis, Excretion, Movement, Gas Exchange, Lungs, Brain, Blood Formation, Support, Absorption, Blood
- 3. Answer Anatomy / Structure • Eyes • Stomach • Kidney • Umbilicus • Gluteus Maximus • Urinary Bladder • Cells • Lungs • Brain • Blood Vessels Physiology / Function • Digestion • Respiration • Reproduction • Mitosis • Excretion • Movement • Gas Exchange • Absorption • Blood Formation • Support
- 4. Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy • Structures • Shape of the body and its parts • Gross Anatomy can be seen without a microscope • Microscopic , too small to be seen without a microscope Physiology • How the body and its parts work • Structures determine the function • Functions are the processes or jobs
- 7. Skeletal System Structure Bones, cartilage, ligaments and joints Function • Support. • Provides basis for movement. • Protection • Hematopoiesis = Formation of red blood cells happens within long bones. • Mineral storage.
- 8. Muscular System Structure Skeletal muscles. Although muscle is found in other systems Function • Muscles contract (shorten) and provide movement. • Support. • Heat production
- 9. Cardiovascular System Structure Heart and blood vessels. . Function • Uses blood as the carrier of nutrients, wastes and gasses • Carries White Blood Cells and chemicals that protect the body • Heart acts as a pump
- 10. Lymphatic / Immune System Structure Lymphatic vessels, Lymph nodes, spleen tonsils, thymus, bone marrow, Function • Recovers fluids for tissue drainage • Cleans the blood • Houses cells that are involved in immunity
- 11. Nervous System Structure Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sensory receptors Function • Responds to external and internal signals • Coordinates activities of other organ systems.
- 12. Endocrine System Structure Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenals, Thymus, Pancreas, Pineal, Ovary and Testes. Function • Directs long-term changes using hormones. • Growth, • Reproduction • Food Use.
- 13. Integumentary System Structure Skin (largest organ) and temperature, pressure and pain receptors. Function • Protect, • Cushion • Waterproofs • Excretes salt and urea • Regulates temperature.
- 14. Respiratory System Structure Nasal passage, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs Function • Delivery of air to sites where gas exchange takes place
- 15. Digestive System Structure • oral cavity, • esophagus • stomach • small • large intestines • rectum • liver • pancreas Function Processing food, absorption of organic nutrients, minerals vitamins and water
- 16. Urinary System Structure Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra. Function • Excretes nitrogen- containing waste (forms when protein is broken down) Urea and Uric Acid • Maintains water and salt balance • Controls pH of the blood
- 17. Reproductive System Structure • M=Testes (produce sperm), Scrotum, Penis accessory glands and duct system • F=Ovary Produce eggs), Uterine tubes, Uterus, Vagina Function Production of sex cells and hormones to produce offspring.
- 18. 8 Life Functions • Boundaries: Inside is separate from outside…every cell has a membrane. • Movement: We move and our food moves through us. • Responsiveness: Sense changes and react. • Digestion: Breaking down of food to be absorbed by blood. • Metabolism: All chemical reactions in the body. Depends on the Digestive and Respiratory systems for nutrients and oxygen but it is regulated by the hormones of the Endocrine system. • Excretion: Removing waste • Reproduction: Production of offspring • Growth: Increase in size.
- 19. Homeostasis • Stable internal conditions • Homeostatic Control Mechanisms
- 20. Negative Feedback Mechanisms • Shuts off original stimulus like home thermostat. • Our body has a lot of these: Water, temperature, sugar, fight or flight, muscles for balance. Constant state of adjustment.
- 21. Positive Feedback Mechanisms • Increases the original stimulus. Blood clotting and birth of baby.
- 23. Anatomical Position • Body erect, feet parallel, arms at sides palms forward. Use the face of the clock to describe location