12 mirrors
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This document discusses mirrors and the types of images they form. It describes plane mirrors, which form virtual upright images of the same size as the object. It also describes spherical mirrors, including concave mirrors that form real images and convex mirrors that form virtual upright images. The document explains the key parts of spherical mirrors, including the center of curvature, vertex, focal point, and radius of curvature. It presents the mirror equation to calculate image distances and magnification.
12 mirrors
- 2. Mirror - any surface that is smooth enough to produce regular or specular reflection Types of Mirrors 1. Plane Mirrors – mirrors with flat surfaces 2. Spherical Mirrors – mirrors with curve surfaces
- 3. Images Formed With Mirrors 1. Real Image - formed in front of a mirror; it can be projected on a screen; it is always inverted 2. Virtual Image - it is always found at the “back” of the mirror; it can not be focused or projected on a screen; it is always upright
- 4. Characteristics of Images Formed in Plane Mirrors • • • • virtual upright same size as the object same distance from the mirror as the object in front of the mirror • laterally reversed
- 5. Spherical Mirrors - mirrors with curve surfaces; its surface is taken from the surface of a sphere, hence the name Types of Spherical Mirrors: 1. Concave Spherical Mirrors - the reflecting surface curves inward in the direction of the incident ray; also called converging mirrors 2. Convex Spherical Mirrors - the reflecting surface curves outward to the incident ray; also called diverging mirrors
- 6. Parts of Spherical Mirrors 1. center of curvature ( C ) – center of the sphere where the mirror was taken 2. vertex ( V ) – center of the mirror, also called pole of the mirror 3. principal focus ( F ) – the point where the reflected rays meet; it is midway between C and V
- 7. Parts of Spherical Mirrors 4. principal axis – straight line joining C and V, also called optical axis 5. radius of curvature ( R ) – radius of the sphere; distance between C and V 6. focal length ( f ) – distance from C to F or from V to F; is equal to half of the radius (R) 7. aperture – width of the mirror (the blue line)
- 8. • fin
- 9. Spherical Mirror Equation OPERATIONAL DEFINITION: 1/f = 1/p + 1/q where: f is the focal length p is the object distance from the mirror q is the image distance from the mirror Sign Convention: + for distances measured in front of the mirror - for distances measured behind (back) of the mirror
- 10. Mirror Magnification • Magnification is the ratio of the height of the image to the height of the object. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION: M = hi / ho M = q/p
- 11. Mirror Equation & Magnification 1. An object is located 3cm in front of a concave mirror whose radius of curvature is 12cm. Find: a. focal length (f) of the mirror b. distance of the image from the mirror (q) c. the magnification of the mirror (M) d. height (hi)of the image if the object is 2cm tall 2. An object 4.5cm high is placed 50cm in front of a convex mirror with a radius of curvature of 20cm. What is the height of the image?