15b es monyo_objective2_groundnutesa
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This document summarizes the objectives, components, outcomes, and challenges of the Tropical Legumes - II Project which aims to enhance groundnut productivity and production in drought-prone areas of sub-Saharan Africa and Asia. The key components are fast-tracking varieties for release, developing new varieties resistant to diseases, improving partner skills, and building seed production capacity. Outcomes include varieties recommended for release in Tanzania, Mozambique, and Malawi. Challenges include the slow variety release process and lack of durable resistance, which the project is working to address through capacity building and marker-assisted breeding.
15b es monyo_objective2_groundnutesa
- 1. Tropical Legumes – II Project Objective 2: “ENHACING GROUNDNUT PRODUCTIVITY AND PRODUCTION IN DROUGHT‐PRONE AREAS OF SUB‐SAHARAN AFRICA AND ASIA ” By By
- 2. Enhancing Groundnuts Productivity and Production - ESA
- 3. Project Components • Fast tracking on shelf varieties through Farmer PVS and identify 2 – 3 that can be released in the short term • Development of new varieties for ESA taking cognizance of the region’s biotic and abiotic constraints • Improve the skills of partners as we work together - foster learning by doing
- 4. Needs and Opportunities being harnessed for R&D • Breeding thrust is on GRD, ELS and Rust – ICRISAT GRD HDP Malawi presents an excellent natural screening environment ELS HDP
- 5. Fast tracking on shelf varie2es to iden2fy 2 – 3 for release in the short term Country No of No of PVS No of PVS Varie/es MB yr1 MB yr2 Malawi 10 & 7 36/120 60/171 Mozambique 7 & 5 18/72 36/108 Tanzania 10 & 7 50 64
- 6. Outcome from PVS Varieties Recommended for Release: Tanzania (5): ICGV-SM 01711, # 01721, # 99555,and # 99557. Mozambique (3) ICGV-SM 99541, # 99568, and JL 24 ; Malawi (1); ICGV-SM 96714
- 7. Seed Produc2on in Support of Seed Systems and PVS Fast Track Release • 29.8 t breeder seed of 8 varieties • uclear seed 10 vars for Tanzania (5-50kg) each N • uclear seed 55 vars in Malawi (5-10kg) each N • 1 seed banks in Malawi and 30 seed banks in 5 Tanzania each (each with capacity for4tons annually)
- 8. Component II: Development of new varieties Rosette ELS Rust Drought
- 9. New sources of resistance identified ICGV-SM 02536, ICG 14705, ICG 14118, 8517, 13099, ICGV- ICGV-SM 06394 SM 05701, ICGV-SM 86021, 02501 ICGV-SM 00537, 03535, 92R/70-4, ICGV 94114, ICG 14390, 14778
- 10. Hybridization and Devlp of breeding populations • 48 New crosses incorporating newly id resistance sources into farmer / market preferred vars initiated • 2nd BC pops incorporating GRD and ELS into farmer/market vars completed • 4500 F3 segregating pops incorporating old sources of resistance into farmer/market vars available for phenotyping. Part ↔ RILS TL1
- 11. Capacity Building • Germplasm Distribu/on; – 22 Sets Regional trials (Mw(6), Tz (4), Mz(12) – 488 breeding lines MW(131), TZ(86), MZ(271) • Technical Capacity – Trained 7 technicians, and 3 scien/sts in in hybridiza/on techniques, use of infector row, and data analysis using genstat – Tanzania has ini/ated ac/ve breeding prog with phenotyping facili/es for GRD
- 12. Capacity Building cont • Farmer Capacity • Seed fairs in MW (500), and TZ (2000) farmers • Training in Good Agronomic Practices- GAP 1185 Farmers (686 MW), (378 MZ) and (121 TZ) • 2000 flyers for variety descriptors and GAP, and 1000 booklets on GAP distributed in MW and TZ
- 13. Capacity Building cont • Institutional Development with TL1: – Refurbishment of 1 glasshouse, purchase of fridges for seeds, construction of rain-shelter, Irrigation facility under develp for TZ – Refurbishment of 2 glasshouses, procurement of one portable weather station, and irrigation pump for MW
- 14. Improving Partner skills cont
- 15. Challenges and emerging opportunities • Slow pace of variety release with some partner NARS. – Release procedures as well as capacity. Technical capacity building will help • Most of the durable resistance for GRV only found in long duration – yet short duration holds largest cultivated area – Possibly Marker work can bring results faster.
- 16. Challenges and emerging opportunities cont • No absolute resistance to ELS is known in cultivated gnut – just enhanced levels of resistance – This is an area where MARS can play a useful role when sufficient no of markers for gnuts are found
- 17. Challenges and emerging opportunities cont • Groundnuts are used as a commercial crop as well as for food & nutrition security. Aflatoxin is a major threat to both – Smallholder farmers knows little of the dangers posed by aflatoxin – Traders give no incentives for aflatoxin free nuts • Need for a value chain approach to determine critical point for intervention and a system for rewarding producers
- 18. Challenges and emerging opportunities cont • The region is still Lacking suitable vars matching the available LGP – Lack of seed dormancy big problem in short duration varieties. • Potential solution – Need to incorporate resistance to fresh seed dormancy in early varieties
- 19. Other Collaborating Projects • The BMGF through TL1 • The McKnight Foundation • Treasure Legumes – IFAD Project (Malawi and Tanzania)
- 20. THANK YOU