2011 vm rescue day 1 final

Vehicle and Machinery Rescue Tarrant County College Day 1 Monday, April 4, 2011

Overview The Technical Rescuer Introduction to Vehicle and Machinery Rescue PPE and Safety Size Up and Scene Security Tools and TCC Layout Airbag Hotwiring Phases of Rescue Drill Operations Level Skill Update Large Vehicle Anatomy

The Technical Rescuer Level I Common passenger vehicles Simple small machinery Environments that are not high risk Level II Commercial and heavy vehicles Heavy and industrial machinery High risk environments

The Technical Rescuer Abilities of the Level I and II Vehicle and Machinery Rescuer Plan for an incident involving applicable machinery and vehicles Proper size up Organize the scene with ICS Identify hazards and establish hazard control zones Evaluate the need and attain extra resources Documentation

Vehicle and Machinery Rescue NFPA 1006 Chapter 5 Technical Rescuer requirements (handout) Chapter 10 Vehicle and Machinery Rescue requirements (this class) Operational Protocols Agencies are to develop clear guidelines for resources and capabilities Plan for the “unusual situation” See the Sample SOG’s in the student manual

Vehicle and Machinery Rescue Priorities are always the same Life Safety First Stabilizing the Incident is always Second Finally, try to conserve the property Third Go over the Definitions found the student manual …

PPE and Safety Eye Protection The hazards and risk factors Requiring the use of eye protection The Protection Primary and secondary protection Goggles and helmet shields Prescription safety glasses Care and Safety See the Model SOP for Protective Eyewear in the Student Manual

PPE and Safety Hearing cannot be replaced Hearing protection is simple and inexpensive insurance Ear Plugs Ear Muffs Vehicle and machinery rescue can become very loud and damaging to the ears The 4 C’s of hearing protection for consideration; Comfort Convenient Communication Care of the equipment and of hearing

PPE and Safety Bunker coat and helmet Markings Colors Padding Reflective Marking Vests Stripes Radio Flashlight Be mindful when using a flashlight Use it wisely

Making the Scene Safe and Secure Scene Security “ Immediate Surroundings” is a 20ft. Radius Scene Safety Zones Hot zone Warm zone Cold zone Make the area safe by… RIT Team Establishing; Safety Zones Site Security Stabilization Lock Out Tag Out Disentanglement Utilities Support PPE Site control

Scene Security Hazard Recognition and Mitigation DOT ERG, Awareness and Operational Level Hazmat Utilities Electric Gas Water / Sanitary etc Gas Struts Wichita Kansas… LA County 1998…

Scene Security More Size Up Considerations Shutting down the motor and ignition switch Engaging the Brake Using the power windows and locks before you shut down the electrical system Negative First Never Orange 5 second to 20 minutes

Scene Safety Scene Security Barriers Cones Flashlights Barrier Tape Flares Apparatus PD Support PPE Bunker coat and helmet Reflective marking Radio Flashlight Hearing protection Traffic Control Recognize Tools Pedestrians Notable Requirements

Size Up and Scene Security Deal with the Hazards At least a 1 ¾ inch charged hand line Up wind, up hill As soon as possible All potentials and hazmats identified Explosion Hazards NIMS Extinguishment Potentials

Size Up and Scope Scope and Magnitude Risk/Benefit Analysis Number and Size Integrity and Stability Victims Scene Access Hazards Exposure to Traffic Environmental Factors Available/Needed Resources Size Up Considerations

Size Up and Scene Security Now Lets discuss the following pictures as they relate to these considerations…

Operational Level Skill Update Possible Update Topics Constructions Features Full Frame Uni-body Space Frame Defining the Vehicle Fender Strut Tower Posts Rocker Panel Quarter Panel

Vehicle Extrication Terminology

Vehicle Extrication VEHICLE ANATOMY Terminology Frame Material Frame Construction Body material Glass

Vehicle Extrication Frame Material HSLA is used to meet the strength requirements needed to meet FMVSS 214 Locations Problems A, B and C Posts/Pillars - Difficulty in cutting Roof Rails - Frame members are harder to push/spread Rocker Channels - Frames may have a structural/sound absorbing Dashboard Reinforcement material filling the void space of the structural Component High strength low alloy

Vehicle Extrication Frame Construction Unibody and Space Frame This type of construction links frame sections together for greater strength. Designers have begun to use HSLA steels to achieve the required strengths needed to meet FMVSS 214 Monocoque A design where the frame and the sheet metal become one. HSLA steel is common in these designs Micro Alloy and Boron Steel Used in the sub-frame, doors and cross-cowl members. Cutting these metals can prove difficult if not impossible

Tools and TCC Layout See the student manual for a list of possible tools to be used during a machine and vehicle rescue incident TCC Tool Layout We will now go over the tools specific to TCC that will be used during the class TCC Extrication Trailer… Applicable ropes and knots… Skip Hotwiring PowerPoint

Training Vehicle Safety Acquired Vehicle Safety During Training Inspect the vehicle Don’t be surprised Hazards still exist Use a check list See the handout “Acquired Vehicle Safety Inspection Checklist”

There are 16 possible locations for airbags in a vehicle today

Airbag Hotwiring Hotwiring an Airbag Never train with a live, un-deployed airbag 16 possible locations Simple hand tools to do the job Common lamp cord 9 volt battery Small pry bar Socket set Vice Grips and Wire Cutters Needle Nose and Electric Pliers Wire Strippers

Airbag Hotwiring Cut and remove the plastic Find the “hockey puck” shaped device Strip the wires Hook up the battery when ready to deploy Be cautious…

“ Hot Wiring” Vehicle Airbags Vehicle rescue training should not be conducted on vehicles with ‘live’, undeployed airbags!

Simple hand tools are used for airbag ‘Hot Wiring’ procedure.

A 9-volt transistor radio battery will usually provide enough current to deploy an airbag. Use a 12-volt or 18-volt battery if the bag won’t deploy off the 9 volts. (i.e. Ford Escort airbags)

Cutting away side covering exposes inflator unit wires which detonator lamp cord is spliced into

Unscrew airbag module to expose inflator unit wires that detonator lamp cord is spliced into.

Recip saw is best to remove section of instrument panel, providing access to end of inflator unit

Inflator module is a cylinder-shaped unit. Detonator lamp cord is spliced into wires coming out of end of unit.

Close-up view of end of passenger frontal airbag inflator unit with lamp cord spliced in.

For a door side-impact airbag, remove portions of door panel to access wires of inflator unit.

Typical stored gas inflator module for door side-impact airbag with airbag wiring harness visible. Splice into this wire.

Remove this upholstery area to expose the airbag igniter unit.

Typical stored gas inflator wiring harness for passenger’s seat side-impact airbag.

Stored gas inflator modules have a cylinder shape with a pair of thin-gauge wires connected to one end.

For roof airbags, strip the trim to find the stored gas inflator mounted to the roof structure

For knee bags, remove portions of the instrument panel to locate the inflator unit wiring harness.

Hot Wiring Precautions Your cutting into any one of the airbag wires can cause that ‘live’ airbag to suddenly deploy. Always work clear of the airbag inflation zone; 10”, 20”, & 5” Always treat a ‘live’ airbag as a dangerous commodity and respect it for its’ potential to cause injury or death to you or your crewmembers during this demonstration. When you get sloppy or careless, you are at your most vulnerable moment.

Phases of Rescue This is a drill designed to assess the training level of each team Given an engine company and a 4 door acquired vehicle, each team will go through a timed evolution. There are four phases to each evolution Students will be divided into 4 groups Two groups will be performing the drill while two watch After completion, the groups will switch

Phases of Rescue” Drill Program Standardized National model for extrication training and team evaluation. Participation in this national model drill allows the department to measure our extrication efficiency against national benchmark timeframes. Timing each portion of the drill as explained in this program and documenting these times allows the department to provide each company and crew an ‘A’, ‘B’ or ‘Needs Improvement’ rating. Continued practice with this Phases of Rescue drill allows each company to record the improvement in elapsed times over a period of weeks and months.

Phases of Rescue” Drill Program Successful completion of the Phases drill with a team score of “A” (exceeds expectations) or “B” (meets expectations) demonstrates the ability to meet or exceed the Operations level vehicle rescue competencies of Chapter 2 and Chapter 6 of the National Fire Protection Association Standard 1670, Standard on Operations and Training for Technical Rescue.

Rules of Engagement 4-door acquired vehicle (all doors closed, windows up, doors locked) Vehicle on level surface, Vehicle on 4-wheels, Simulation of unconscious, unprotected driver and front seat passenger patients, Simulation that all doors are ‘jammed’,

all rescue tools are set in a tool staging area, company of 3 or 4 personnel including one member as officer starting line minimum of 6 feet from acquired vehicle, tools to be used for each Phase can be completely hooked up, power plants running, hydraulic lines charged, plugged in, etc. crew lines up at starting line with full PPP donned properly, Rules of Engagement

tools may be at starting line and in the hands of crew, crew crosses starting line upon signal from Timekeeper and stopwatch begins crew leader holds arms up upon conclusion of final tasks signaling completion of all work for that Phase and stopping of the clock, times are recorded on Phases of Rescue scorecard, crew discusses their plan, prepares tools and lines up at starting line when ready to begin next evolution, Rules of Engagement

Team pre-planning and preparation

Tool Staging Prior to Start of Phases Drill

Tools are preconnected, lines charged, engines running, and may be held by personnel if desired.

Tools ‘ready’ for seatbelt cutting, glass breaking, stripping trim, and covering the patients.

Phase 1 Arrival and safe positioning at crash scene (simulated by crossing the starting line), scene size-up/assessment 360 , establishing Command , scene & vehicle stabilization , airbag “scanning ”, battery access and electrical system shutdown , hazard control (fluid leak or spill) assessment, initial patient access opening (removal of window glass), initial interior access , patient contact patient protection/safety (cover front seat with blanket), determining contents of trunk .

Arrival, Establishing Command, 360 Survey & Hazard Assessment

“ Double Cut’ Negative & Positive Cables

Initial Access and Patient Contact

Covered seats indicate ‘protected’ patient with EMS personnel at their side (simulated)

Upon completion of all required Phase One activities, the team members or crew leader raise their arms in the air, the Timekeeper stops the clock and records the elapsed time. If there were safety violations or errors in tool operation, a penalty of five seconds is added to the elapsed time for each infraction. The crew returns their tools to the starting line, dresses down, rehabs and critiques their evolution.

Phase Two, total sidewall removal, must include; re-checking vehicle stabilization, re-checking patient protection/safety, removing side window glass, cutting/removing seatbelts, removing interior trim panel materials (B-pillar), total sidewall removal including , front door , rear door , B-pillar , covering exposed metal.

Condition of a typical vehicle upon start of Phase 2

Total Sidewall Removal Begins…

Total Sidewall Removal Requires Seatbelts to Be Cut

Use of Multiple Tools at Same Time Decreases Operating time

One Option for Total Sidewall Removal

Total Sidewall Removal Completed

Example of Sharps Protection… Extrication Guards tm

Phase 3 re-checking vehicle stabilization , re-checking patient protection/safety , side and rear glass removal , windshield glass cutting or total removal , cutting/removing seatbelts , removing interior trim panel materials at roof pillars , severing roof pillars , roof removal to debris area , and covering exposed metal .

“ Strip the Trim” Prior to Roof Removal

Begin at Rear Posts and Work Forward

Roof Removed with Windshield Intact

Roof Removal to Location 6’ From Vehicle

Phase 4 re-checking vehicle stabilization , re-checking patient protection/safety , cutting/bending of steering wheel ring , cutting A-pillar and/or rocker channel , “ rolling” of dash , or “ jacking” of dash , and covering exposed metal .

Cut and Remove Lower Portion of Steering Wheel Ring

Jacking Dash Evolution…Open Tool to Maximum Spread

Calculating “Total Tool Time” Upon completion of each of the eight (8)evolutions of the drill, elapsed times are recorded on the scorecard. Phase Two and Phase Four are performed twice using both sides of the vehicle. The teams rest and critique their work after each Phase of the drill. To determine total tool time, add the elapsed time from Phase One to the best (shortest) time from the Phase Two evolutions. Add this sum to the Phase Three time. Finally, add in the best time from the Phase Four evolutions. This results in your crew’s total tool time . For example consider that a team completed all Phases of the drill and recorded the following six times; 1:58 PHASE ONE 4:50 PHASE TWO DRIVER’S SIDE 3:34 PHASE TWO PASSENGER’S SIDE 2:55 PHASE THREE 1:57 PHASE FOUR DRIVER’S SIDE 1:40 PHASE FOUR PASSENGER’S SIDE

‘ Total Tool Time’ To determine total tool time, add Phase One’s 1:58 to the best Phase Two time of 3:34. Add to this the Phase Three time of 1:57 and the best Phase Four time of 1:40. The total tool time for this crew is 10:07. This is a ‘B’ performance and is rated as Acceptable/Meets Expectations .

If this total time is less than nine minutes and thirty seconds (< 9:30), you get an ‘A’ , and have scored among the top 10% of departments nationwide who have participated in this national drill. Your total tool time Exceeds Expectations .

If your total tool time is between nine minutes, thirty seconds and twelve minutes, thirty seconds (9:30 – 12:30) , you get a ‘B’ . This is the Acceptable/Meets Expectations operating time for the national drill and represents what 70% of all departments participating in this drill are able to accomplish.

If your total tool time exceeds twelve minutes and thirty seconds (>12:30) , your crew Needs Improvement in your extrication operation. More practice with the rescue equipment, getting in the habit of keeping all team member busy doing simultaneous work, having better Command, and showing more team ‘hustle’ will allow you to reduce your total tool time.

Operational Level Skill Update Modified Dash Rollup… Pulling the Steering Wheel… Pulling the Dash… Moving and Removing the Seats… Through the Floor… Creating Access and Egress Openings

Operational Level Skill Update Under-Ride MVA A wedge on wheels Predictable tactical actions Hazard Control Scene Control Trunk Tunneling and Dash Lift Consider the “Sidewall Opening” and “Roof Removal”

Operational Level Skill Update Trunk Tunneling The goal is to enter the trunk area and access the interior of the vehicle Think of the vehicle as a “hatch back” Consider a roof opening in addition to the “hatch back” strategy Always start with stabilization Remember that the seats are moveable

Operational Level Skill Update Hazards to note and avoid during tunneling through the vehicle or machine; Time Constraints Sharp and Cutting Edges Glass Hydraulics Electrical These items might require the IC to establish a Safety Officer

Response and Dispatch Information.

What information is available? Don’t forget your cell phone?

Scene Size-up Is the scene secure?

Mental Aspect (Firefighters and Customers)

Recovery. What’s your tool of choice?

Corrective Actions Student Evalution… Potential Issues Stable to Unstable Safety Enhancement Rope or cable use Chocking wheels Airbag Scanning Avoiding loaded bumpers Covering Edges Noting and dealing with adverse weather

Training Issues Scene Related Corrections Traffic Hazmats Stopping leaks Gas lines Gasoline leaks Patient Corrections ABC’s Spine and neck immobilization Privacy

Vehicle Size-Up Potential Victim Locations Front and Back Seats… Floor Areas… Exterior of the Vehicle or Machine…

Safety Operations Emergency Evacuation and Safety Signals Procedures for any emergency or Training PAR’s should be performed quickly Common Signals Command Should assign a safety officer Never get distracted by being too close Always be conservative with safety issues

Large Vehicle Anatomy Bus Rescue Bus Construction Four Types of Buses Type A Type B Type C Type D Variation of C and D See School Bus Construction Handout

Large Vehicle Anatomy Common feature of most large machinery and equipment Truck Frame Wheels and Suspension Fuel Tanks Battery Storage and Systems Various Hydraulic Systems Outriggers in some cases More than one steering positions Many other moving parts

Large Vehicle Anatomy Here are some categories to discuss… Aggregate Equipment Asphalt, Paving and Concrete Equipment Cranes Dozers Excavators Forklifts Graders Tractor and Trailers Fire Trucks

2011 vm rescue day 1 final

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