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Global study on
Open Education and Open Science:
Practices, use cases and potentials during
the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond
Christian M. Stracke, Aras Bozkurt, Daniel Burgos, Jon Mason, Ebba Ossiannilsson,
Ramesh Chander Sharma, Marian Wan, Jane-Frances Obiageli Agbu, Karen Cangialosi,
Grainne Conole, Glenda Cox, Fabio Nascimbeni, Chrissi Nerantzi, María Soledad Ramírez
Montoya, Cleo Sgouropoulou, Jin Gon Shon, Pierre Boulet, Andreia Inamorato dos Santos,
Stephen Downes, Robert Farrow, Vanessa Proudman, Zeynep Varoglu, Martin Weller,
Junhong Xiao, Gema Santos-Hermosa, Özlem Karakaya, Vi Truong & Cécile Swiatek
28 September 2021
Karen Cangialosi
Jane-Frances Obiageli Agbu
Grainne Conole
Ramesh Sharma
Ebba Ossiannilsson
Jon Mason
Daniel Burgos
Aras Bozkurt
Christian Stracke
Glenda Cox
Cleo Sgouropoulou
Chrissi Nerantzi
María Soledad Ramírez Montoya
Fabio Nascimbeni
Martin Weller
Andreia Inamorato dos
Santos
Marian Wan
Pierre Boulet
Cécile Swiatek
Stephen Downes
Vanessa Proudman
Zeynep Varoglu
Jin Gon Shon
Robert Farrow Junhong Xiao
Özlem Karakaya
Gema Santos-Hermosa
Vi Truong
Open Education and Open Science
for our global society
https://pixabay.com/illustrations/map-of-the-world-background-paper-2401458/
• Australia
• Brazil
• France
• India
• Mexico
• The Netherlands
• Nigeria
• South Korea
• Spain
• Sweden
• Taiwan
• Turkey
• United Kingdom
Challenges for formal education
during the COVID-19 outbreak
https://pixabay.com/illustrations/covid-19-coronavirus-distance-4951405/
• Global overview of the status of
Open Education and Open Science
• First year of the COVID-19
pandemic
• Practices and uses cases from 13
countries and global regions
• Challenges for formal education
during the COVID-19 outbreak
• Potential solutions and examples of
Open Education and Open Science
New Normal
https://pixabay.com/photos/school-video-conference-digitization-5711987/
Our responses to
emerging challenges in
education is of vital
importance to
sustaining its ideals
and philosophy. With
the emergence of
COVID 19, one is
tempted to either stay
reserved for a variety
of reasons or be
inspired to embrace
the ‘new normal’
Disruptions and Lockdowns
https://pixabay.com/photos/couple-social-distancing-5422795/
Educational systems in all
countries were affected and
witnessed disruptions and
partial lockdowns (OECD, 2020;
UNESCO et al., 2020)
Governments, public
authorities, educators, pupils
and their parents were not
prepared facing unexpected
challenges. Thrown into cold
water, all parties tried to
develop and implement
solutions and work-arounds.
Emergent need for enhanced sharing
of the information and knowledge
https://pixabay.com/photos/man-happy-home-office-working-6054543/
• Science and technology to respond to
challenges of global health crisis and
outbreaks
• Need for enhanced sharing of the
information and knowledge
• Open science: prominence or stands out as
a (scholarly) movement
• Transformative role of science and
technology
Four guiding questions
Two general questions:
1. How was formal education affected
by the COVID-19 outbreak?
2. What were the strategies and
implemented solutions?
Two specific questions on Open
Education and Open Science:
3. How much have Open Education
and Open Science been proposed
and addressed and what is the
difference between original
intentions and current real impact?
4. Which good practices, lessons
learned and recommendations exist
and how can Open Education and
Open Science contribute in the
future?
Impact of COVID-19 on formal
education in selected 13 countries
Key aspects of distance education due to
COVID-19 in selected 13 countries
• Formal education at a distance for first time
• Similar approaches for formal education
• Missing infrastructure and sharing Open Educational Resources
MACRO
• Diverse teaching and learning methods and practices
• Open education and access to Open Educational Resources
MESO
• Urgent need for professional development and training for teachers
• Assessing and monitoring learning environments, teachers and
students
MICRO
References
• Agbu, J. O., Mulder, F., De Vries, F., Tenebe, A., & Caine, A. (2016). The best of two open worlds at the National Open University of Nigeria. Open Praxis, 8(2), 111-
121. https://doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.8.2.279
• Bozkurt, A., Jung, I., Xiao, J., Vladimirschi, V., Schuwer, R., Egorov, G., . . . Paskevicius, M. (2020). A global outlook to the interruption of education due to COVID-19
pandemic: Navigating in a time of uncertainty and crisis. Asian Journal of Distance Education, 15(1), 1-126.
http://asianjde.org/ojs/index.php/AsianJDE/article/view/462
• CEDEFOP. (2020). Swedish actions on education in response to the corona pandemic. https://www.cedefop.europa.eu/en/news-and-press/news/swedish-actions-
education-response-corona-pandemic
• Creswell, J. W. (2012). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (3rd ed.). Sage.
• Creswell, J. W., & Plano Clark, V. L. P. (2018). Designing and conducting mixed methods research (3rd ed.). Sage.
• Denzin, N. K. (1978). The research act: A theoretical introduction to sociological methods and practice. Sage.
• Di Pietro, G., Biagi, F., Costa, P., Karpinski, Z., & Mazza, J. (2020). The likely impact of COVID-19 on education: Reflections based on the existing literature and recent
international datasets. Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2760/126686
• Elbardan, H., & Kholeif, A. O. R. (2017). An Interpretive Approach for Data Collection and Analysis. In Enterprise Resource Planning, Corporate Governance and
Internal Auditing (pp. 111-165). Palgrave Macmillan.
• European Commission. (2020). Digital Education Action Plan (2021-2027). Resetting education and training for the digital age.
https://ec.europa.eu/education/education-in-the-eu/digital-education-action-plan_en
• Folkhälsomyndigheten. (2020). Protect yourself and others from the spread of infection. https://www.folkhalsomyndigheten.se/smittskydd-
beredskap/utbrott/aktuella-utbrott/covid-19/skydda-dig-och-andra/information-pa-olika-sprak/engelska
Contd …
References
• Inamorato dos Santos, A., Punie, Y., & Castano Muniz, J. (2016). Opening up education: A support framework for higher education institutions. Publications Office of
the European Union. https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/eur-scientific-and-technical-research-reports/opening-education-support-framework-higher-
education-institutions
• Javiera, A., Havemann, L., Neumann, J., Stefanelli, C., Campbell, L., Cronin, C., Gonsales, P., Priscila, Lesko, I., Alvaro, R., Veiga, C., & Wetzler, J. (2020). Open
education policies: Guidelines for co-creation. Zenodo. https://zenodo.org/record/4281363#.X7fkgS-HI0o
• JRC. (2020). The likely impact of COVID-19 on education: Reflections based on the existing literature and recent international datasets. Joint Research Center.
https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/publication/likely-impact-covid-19-education-reflections-based-existing-literature-and-recent-international
• Mulder, F. & Jansen. D. (2015). MOOCs for Opening Up Education and the OpenupEd initiative. In C. J. Bonk, M. M. Lee, T. C. Reeves, & T. H. Reynolds (eds.). MOOCs
and Open Education Around the World (pp. 130–142). Routledge.
• National Library. (2018 May, 16). Sweden stands up for open access – cancels agreement with Elsevier.
https://www.mynewsdesk.com/se/kungliga_biblioteket/pressreleases/sweden-stands-up-for-open-access-cancels-agreement-with-elsevier-2508242
• OECD. (2020). Covid-19 country report. https://www.oecd.org/education/the-impact-of-covid-19-on-education-insights-education-at-a-glance-2020.pdf
• Ossiannilsson, E. (2020). After Covid-19 some challenges for Universities. In A. Tlili, D. Burgos, & A. Tabacco (Eds.), Education in a crisis context: COVID-19 as an
opportunity for global learning. LNET Series. Springer.
• Ossiannilsson, E. (2020). The new normal: Post covid-19 is about change and sustainability. Near East University Online Journal of Education (NEUJE).
• Ossiannilsson, E., Zhang, X., Wetzler, J., Gusmão, C., Aydin, C.H., Jhangiani R. S., Glapa-Grossklag, J., Makoe, M., & Harichandan, D. (2020). From open educational
resources to open educational practices. For resilient sustainable education. Distance et Mediations des Savoires, 31. https://doi.org/10.4000/dms.5393
• Stake, R. E. (1995). The art of case study research: Perspective in practice. Sage.
Contd …
References
• Stracke, C. M. (2019). Quality frameworks and learning design for open education. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 20(2),
180-203. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v20i2.4213
• Stracke, C. M. (2020). Open Science and Radical Solutions for Diversity, Equity and Quality in Research: A Literature Review of Different Research Schools,
Philosophies and Frameworks and Their Potential Impact on Science and Education. In D. Burgos (Ed.), Radical Solutions and Open Science. An Open Approach to
Boost Higher Education. Lecture Notes in Educational Technology (pp. 17-37). Springer: Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4276-3_2
• Stracke, C. M., Bozkurt, A., Conole, G., Nascimbeni, F., Ossiannilsson, E., Sharma, R. C., Burgos, D., Cangialosi, K., Fox, G., Mason, J., Nerantzi, C., Obiageli Agbu, J. F.,
Ramírez Montoya, M. S., Santos-Hermosa, G., Sgouropoulou, C., & Shon, J. G. (2020). Open Education and Open Science for our Global Society during and after the
COVID-19 Outbreak. In Proceedings of the Open Education Global Conference 2020 (s.p., 4 p.). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4275669
• Swedish Research Council. (2020). New national portal makes research data on COVID-19 accessible. https://www.vr.se/english/just-now/news/news-archive/2020-
06-03-new-national-portal-makes-research-data-on-covid-19-accessible.html
• UNESCO, UNICEF, & The World Bank. (2020, October). What have we learnt?: Overview of findings from a survey of Ministries of Education on National Responses
to COVID-19. http://tcg.uis.unesco.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2020/10/National-Education-Responses-to-COVID-19-WEB-final_EN.pdf and
https://data.unicef.org/resources/national-education-responses-to-covid19
• United Nations. (2020, August). Policy brief: Education during COVID-19 and beyond. https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/wp-
content/uploads/sites/22/2020/08/sg_policy_brief_covid-19_and_education_august_2020.pdf
• WHO. (2020, March 11). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Situation Report – 51. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-
reports/20200311-sitrep-51-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=1ba62e57_10
• Yin, R. K. (1984). Case study research: Design and methods. Sage.
• Yin, R. K. (2011). Qualitative research from start to finish. Guilford Publications.

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20210928 Global study on Open Education and Open Science: Practices, use cases and potentials during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond

  • 1. Global study on Open Education and Open Science: Practices, use cases and potentials during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond Christian M. Stracke, Aras Bozkurt, Daniel Burgos, Jon Mason, Ebba Ossiannilsson, Ramesh Chander Sharma, Marian Wan, Jane-Frances Obiageli Agbu, Karen Cangialosi, Grainne Conole, Glenda Cox, Fabio Nascimbeni, Chrissi Nerantzi, María Soledad Ramírez Montoya, Cleo Sgouropoulou, Jin Gon Shon, Pierre Boulet, Andreia Inamorato dos Santos, Stephen Downes, Robert Farrow, Vanessa Proudman, Zeynep Varoglu, Martin Weller, Junhong Xiao, Gema Santos-Hermosa, Özlem Karakaya, Vi Truong & Cécile Swiatek 28 September 2021
  • 2. Karen Cangialosi Jane-Frances Obiageli Agbu Grainne Conole Ramesh Sharma Ebba Ossiannilsson Jon Mason Daniel Burgos Aras Bozkurt Christian Stracke Glenda Cox Cleo Sgouropoulou Chrissi Nerantzi María Soledad Ramírez Montoya Fabio Nascimbeni Martin Weller Andreia Inamorato dos Santos Marian Wan Pierre Boulet Cécile Swiatek Stephen Downes Vanessa Proudman Zeynep Varoglu Jin Gon Shon Robert Farrow Junhong Xiao Özlem Karakaya Gema Santos-Hermosa Vi Truong
  • 3. Open Education and Open Science for our global society https://pixabay.com/illustrations/map-of-the-world-background-paper-2401458/ • Australia • Brazil • France • India • Mexico • The Netherlands • Nigeria • South Korea • Spain • Sweden • Taiwan • Turkey • United Kingdom
  • 4. Challenges for formal education during the COVID-19 outbreak https://pixabay.com/illustrations/covid-19-coronavirus-distance-4951405/ • Global overview of the status of Open Education and Open Science • First year of the COVID-19 pandemic • Practices and uses cases from 13 countries and global regions • Challenges for formal education during the COVID-19 outbreak • Potential solutions and examples of Open Education and Open Science
  • 5. New Normal https://pixabay.com/photos/school-video-conference-digitization-5711987/ Our responses to emerging challenges in education is of vital importance to sustaining its ideals and philosophy. With the emergence of COVID 19, one is tempted to either stay reserved for a variety of reasons or be inspired to embrace the ‘new normal’
  • 6. Disruptions and Lockdowns https://pixabay.com/photos/couple-social-distancing-5422795/ Educational systems in all countries were affected and witnessed disruptions and partial lockdowns (OECD, 2020; UNESCO et al., 2020) Governments, public authorities, educators, pupils and their parents were not prepared facing unexpected challenges. Thrown into cold water, all parties tried to develop and implement solutions and work-arounds.
  • 7. Emergent need for enhanced sharing of the information and knowledge https://pixabay.com/photos/man-happy-home-office-working-6054543/ • Science and technology to respond to challenges of global health crisis and outbreaks • Need for enhanced sharing of the information and knowledge • Open science: prominence or stands out as a (scholarly) movement • Transformative role of science and technology
  • 8. Four guiding questions Two general questions: 1. How was formal education affected by the COVID-19 outbreak? 2. What were the strategies and implemented solutions? Two specific questions on Open Education and Open Science: 3. How much have Open Education and Open Science been proposed and addressed and what is the difference between original intentions and current real impact? 4. Which good practices, lessons learned and recommendations exist and how can Open Education and Open Science contribute in the future?
  • 9. Impact of COVID-19 on formal education in selected 13 countries
  • 10. Key aspects of distance education due to COVID-19 in selected 13 countries • Formal education at a distance for first time • Similar approaches for formal education • Missing infrastructure and sharing Open Educational Resources MACRO • Diverse teaching and learning methods and practices • Open education and access to Open Educational Resources MESO • Urgent need for professional development and training for teachers • Assessing and monitoring learning environments, teachers and students MICRO
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