2.2 rig components
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Drill Collars c) Drill Collars Eng. Elsayed Amer Drillstring c) Drill Collars Eng. Elsayed Amer Drillstring c) Drill Collars Eng. Elsayed Amer Drillstring c) Drill Collars Eng. Elsayed Amer Drillstring c) Drill Collars Eng. Elsayed Amer Drillstring c) Drill Collars Eng. Elsayed Amer Drillstring c) Drill Collars
2.2 rig components
- 1. I n t r o d u c t i o n t o w e l l d r i l l i n g Rig ComponentsW e l l D r i l l i n g
- 2. Light rigs, down to 2,000 m Medium rigs, to 4,000 m Heavy rigs, to 6,000 m 1 2 3 Ultra-heavy rigs for greater depths4 Landrigclassification onshore drilling rigs fall into four groups: Increasing capacity is matched by increasing both maximum hook load capacity and derrick strength. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 3. Light rigs, up to 650 HP medium rigs, up to 1,300 HP heavy rigs, up to 2,000 HP 1 2 3 ultra-heavy rigs, 3,000 HP and more.4 Landrigclassification Another criterion for classification is the power installed on the rig, which for oil well drilling is in the range of at least 10 HP every 100 feet in depth Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 4. Main Rig systems components 1 2 Hoisting System 3 4 5 6 Rotary System Mud Circulating System Blowout Prevention System Power System Drill string handling equipment Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 7. 1. Hoisting System R i g c o m p o n e n t s Eng. Elsayed AmerEng. Elsayed Amer
- 8. 1. Hoisting System The hoisting system is the set of equipment necessary to lower or raise drill strings, casing string and other subsurface equipment into or out of hole. Function Principal Components: I. Derrick and substructure II. Crown block III. Travelling block IV. Draw works V. Drilling line Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 11. Eng. Elsayed Amer Hoisting System 1 2 5 Crown Block Deadline Traveling Block Drum Deadline Anchor Storage Reel Fast Line Drawworks 6 7 10 9 7 3 8 4 6 Wireline Pipe elevators 9 11 Drum Brake
- 12. 1. Hoisting System The substructure is the supporting base for the derrick, the draw works and the rotary table, and constitutes the working floor for operations, or drilling floor, being elevated with respect to ground level. The substructure is a reticular structure of steel beams, that can easily be dismantled, and rests on concrete foundations or on a base of wooden planks around the cellar. Its height varies from a few meters up to 10 m in the largest rigs 1. Substructure Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 14. 1. Hoisting System The derrick is an open-framework structure of steel beams, whose function is to hold the ensemble of sheaves at its top, known as the crown block, on which all of the items of equipment operated in the well or on the drilling floor are suspended. the height of the derrick must be such as to permit the vertical movement of the travelling block for a distance greater than the equivalent of one stand. For example, to handle a stand of 3 drill pipes (about 27 m long) the derrick has to be about 40 m high. The derrick is designed to resist the loads tripped in and out of the well in the operating phases, which induce both static and dynamic stresses. Every derrick has a rated load capacity, defined by API (American Petroleum Institute) standards, which establish the maximum hook load 2. Derrick Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 15. 1. Hoisting System Derrick 1 2Conventional derrick Mast Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 17. 1. Hoisting System An assembly of sheaves mounted on beams at the top of the derrick/mast and over which the drilling line is reeved. The crown block bears the load applied at the hook and its function is to reduce the wire rope tension required to pull the tubular material used to drill the well. It at the top of the rig consists of a set of sheaves (usually from 3 to 7) supported by a framework of steel beams. 3. Crown block Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 19. 1. Hoisting System consists of another set of sheaves (one fewer than for the crown block), mounted on an axis connected to the hook. The number of sheaves in the crown and travelling block is chosen on the basis of the rated capacity of the tower and the rate of pulling, which is inversely proportional to the number of lines of wire rope connecting the travelling block and the crown block 4. travelling block Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 21. 1. Hoisting System The high-capacity J-shaped equipment used to hang various other equipment, particularly the swivel and Kelly, the elevator bails or top drive units. The hook is attached to the bottom of the traveling block and provides a way to pick up heavy loads with the traveling block. The hook is either locked (the normal condition) or free to rotate, so that it may be mated or decoupled with items positioned around the rig floor, not limited to a single direction. 5. Hook Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 22. 1. Hoisting System The drawworks is the machine that transmits the power to operate the equipment in the well. The basic components of the drawworks are an engine, one or more drums containing a steel cable, and the brakes The main brake is a strongly-built, band brake, used to stop the drill string as it is being lowered, or to release it slowly during drilling. Normally a hydraulic brake and an electromagnetic brake are used, although these cannot stop the hoisting drum completely and they cannot be used alone. 6. Draw works Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 27. DRAWORKS RATED POWER HP (kW) HOOK LOAD CAPACITY (tons) CONVENTIONAL RIGS MOBILE RIGS 150 (110) 60 200 (147) 75 250 (184) 80 300 (220) 90-100 500 (368) 125 700 (515) 180 180 1000 (735) 220 220 1500 (1100) 360 2000 (1470) 500 3000 (2200) 750 4000 (2940) 1000 5000 (3728) 1500 Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 28. 1. Hoisting System The drilling line contained in the hoist drums consists of helically-wound steel-wire strands around a plastic, vegetable fiber or steel core. The first end of the drilling line (fast line) is wound around the hoist drum, after which it passes alternately over the sheaves of the travelling block and of the crown block, while the other end (dead line) is anchored to an element of the substructure. The tension of the line is measured on this anchorage, and this makes it possible to calculate the weight of the equipment suspended from the hook (e.g. drill string, casing, etc.). Through being wound around the drum and over the block sheaves, the line is subject to wear and tear, to weakening of the wires (due to local overheating) and to fatigue due to cyclical variations of tension in the winding over the sheaves and the drum. 7. Drilling Line Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 29. 1. Hoisting System One method of assessing the state of wear and tear of the drilling line is visual inspection, but this is uncommon because of the uncertainty involved, the practical difficulties and the time required. slipping and cutoff, is performed when a given value of the work carried out by the line has been reached. 7. Drilling Line Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 30. 1. Hoisting System 7. Drilling Line Right Lang Lay Left Lang Lay Right Regular Lay Left Regular Lay Types of Wire Rope Lay Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 31. 1. Hoisting System 7. Drilling Line Type of Wire Rope Construction Shallow: Deep: 1” to 1-1/8” diameter 1-1/4” to 2” diameter Contruction: 6 x 19 S or 6 x 21 S or 6 x 25 FW, RRL, IPS or EIP, IWRC Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 32. Eng. Elsayed Amer 6 X 7 with fiber core 6 X 19W with fiber core 6 X 19S with fiber core 6 X 19 with IWR core 6 X 21 Filler Wire with fiber core 6 X 25 Filler Wire with fiber core 6 X 25 Filler Wire with IWR core 6 X 25 Seal with IWR core 6 X 27 Seal with IWR core 6 X 31 Seal with IWR core IWR = Independent Wire Rope
- 34. 1. Hoisting System The cathead is used to lift heavy objects and to pull on the tongs when making up the drill pipe 8. cathead Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 35. 1. Hoisting System An air hoist or tugger is a safer way to lift heavy objects 9. air hoist Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 36. 1. Hoisting System The drilling line is stored on a spool Periodically, some of the drilling line is cut off at the drawworks and additional line is pulled off the spool to replace the cut line 10. Drill line spool Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 37. 1. Hoisting System The “dead line” is anchored in the substructure The anchor is on the spool side 10. Deal line anchor Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 38. 2. Rotating System R i g c o m p o n e n t s Eng. Elsayed AmerEng. Elsayed Amer
- 39. 2. Rotary System The system of rotation is intended to cause the drill string to rotate. Function Principal Components: 1. The rotary table 2. Kelly or Top Drive 3. Kelly Bushing 4. Master Bushing Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 40. Eng. Elsayed Amer Drill Pipe Drill Collars Bit Swivel Kelly Kelly Bushing K.B. Elevation Rotary Table
- 41. 2. Rotary System 1. Top drive The top drive is a relatively recent piece of equipment, introduced towards the mid-1980s, grouping together in a single unit the equipment for connecting the drill pipes, rotation of the drill string and circulation of the fluid The top drive unit is suspended from the hook and is guided by two vertical rails fixed to the derrick, which provide the reactive torque necessary to prevent the rotation of the whole complex and to allow free vertical movement. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 42. 2. Rotary System 1. Top drive the use of the top drive instead of the rotary table offers numerous advantages, including: possibility of ‘drilling by stands’ (adding the pipes by stands, and not individually), allowing greater control of drilling. 1 2 3 4 the reduction of the time required to connect the pipes, with less risk of accidents for drilling operators the possibility of performing the trip-out operation while circulating mud and rotating the string (back reaming), impossible with the rotary table and useful for preventing the drill string from becoming stuck the possibility of obtaining longer cores, as intermediate connections are eliminated. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 43. Top drive Rig floor Drill pipe ‘A’ frame Guide rails Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 44. 2. Rotary System The rotary tool that is hung from the hook of the traveling block to suspend the drillstring and permit it to rotate freely. It also provide connection for the rotary hose and provide passageway for the flow of drilling fluid into the drill stem. 2. swivel Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 45. 2. Rotary System The Kelly is a pipe of square or hexagonal section that transmits the motion of the rotary table to the drill string. It receives this motion from the Kelly bushing, to which it is joined through a sliding coupling, so that it can move vertically. 3. Kelly Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 47. 2. Rotary System 4. Kelly Bushing A device that when fitted to master bushing transmits torque to the Kelly and simultaneously permits vertical movement of the Kelly to make hole. Type HDP Type HDS Type MDS Heavy Duty fits 23” through 49-1/2” Rotary Table Heavy Duty for Square Drive Rotary Tables Medium Duty for Square Rotary Table Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 49. 2. Rotary System 5. Master Bushing A device that fits into the rotary table to accommodate the slips and drive the kelly bushing so that the rotating motion of the rotary table can be transmitted to the Kelly. Type MSPC Type MSPC Type MBSSType MPCH Fits 20-1/2” to 27-1/2” Rotary Tables Fits 37-1/2” to 49-1/2” Rotary Tables Fits 17-1/2” to 27-1/2” Rotary Tables Fits 17-1/2” to 27-1/2” Rotary Tables Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 50. 2. Rotary System The rotary table makes the drill string rotate and supports its weight during operations or during the connection of a new drill pipe, when it cannot be borne by the hook 6. Rotary table Eng. Elsayed Amer Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 53. 3.TubularandTubular HandlingEquipment R i g c o m p o n e n t Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 54. Drill string The drill string is an assemblage of hollow pipes of circular section, extending from the surface to the bottom of the hole. It has three functions: it takes the drilling bit to the bottom of the hole, while transmitting its rotation and its vertical load to it. It permits the circulation of the drilling fluid to the bottom of the hole. it guides and controls the trajectory of the hole. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 55. Drillstring The drill pipes are hollow steel pipes of various types, with two tool joints welded at their ends. They are standardized according to API standards and classified on the basis of their length (usually about 9 m), their outside diameter, their linear weight and their steel grade. The most common drill pipes are the following: 3.50'' (13.30 lb/ft), 4.50'‘ (16.60 lb/ft) and 5'' (19.50 lb/ft), a) Drill Pipe Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 56. Drillstring a) Drill Pipe Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 57. Drillstring a) Drill Pipe TENSILE REQUIREMENTS RANGE LENGHTS TOLERANCES Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 58. Drillstring a) Drill Pipe Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 59. Eng. Elsayed Amer Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 60. Drillstring To avoid the danger of breaks in the drill string, a short stretch of intermediate heavy-wall or heavy-weight drill pipes is inserted. b) Heavy Weight Drill pipe Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 61. Drillstring Similar in appearance to a drill pipe, HWDP has the following different dimensional characteristics; the tube wall is heavier about 1”thick in most sizes, the tool joints are longer, and the tube section has a larger diameter at mid length to protect the pipe from wear. b) Heavy Weight Drill pipe Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 63. Drillstring The heavy, thick-walled tube steel, used between the drill pipe and the bit in the drill stem to provide pendulum effect to the drill stem and to provide weight on bit. C) Drill Collar Eng. Elsayed Amer Drill collar Drillpipe An 8” OD drill collar weighs 150 lbs/ft or 4500 lbs each
- 64. Drillstring The drill collars have a thick wall, are made out of solid steel bars, rounded externally, bored on the inside and with threaded ends directly on the body, with threading analogous to that used for ordinary pipes. The drill collars are 9 to 13 m in length and their outside diameter is between 3.125'' and 14''. They are also standardized (API), with the most common diameters being 9.50'', 8'' and 6.50''. Drill collars made of nonmagnetic steel also exist, and are used in directional drilling so as not to influence the sensors that measure the earth’s magnetic field. They are manufactured with stainless steels (alloys of K-Monel type) or with chrome-manganese steel alloys. C) Drill Collar Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 65. Drillstring A short, threaded piece of pipe used to adapt parts of the drilling string that cannot otherwise be screwed together because of difference in thread size or design. These consist of: D) Sub 1. Bit Sub 2. Crossover Sub 3. Kelly Saver Sub 4. Lifting Sub 5. Bent Sub Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 66. Drillstring D) Sub Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 67. Drillstring D) Sub Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 68. Eng. Elsayed Amer 1. Elevator Links 2. Elevator 3. Lifting Subs 4. Lifting Plug 5. Tugger/Winch 6. Slips 7. Safety Clamp 8. Tongs 9. Kelly Spinner 10. Drillpipe Spinner 11. Iron Roughneck 12. Bit Breaker Equipment used to move, make and break connection, suspend tubular on the rig. These include the following: Drillstring Tubular Handling Equipment
- 69. Eng. Elsayed Amer 1. Elevator Links Equipment attached onto the Traveling Block in order to suspend the Elevators.
- 70. Eng. Elsayed Amer 2. Elevator Clamps that grip a stand of casing, tubing, drillpipe or drill collars so that the stand or joint can be raised from or lowered into the hole opening of the rotary table. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 71. Eng. Elsayed Amer 2. Elevator Clamps that grip a stand of casing, tubing, drill pipe or drill collars so that the stand or joint can be raised from or lowered into the hole opening of the rotary table.
- 74. Slips for hanging the string on rotary table: A, drill pipe suspended inside the rotary table; B, close-up of pipe-slips Eng. Elsayed Amer 2. Slips
- 75. Eng. Elsayed Amer Drill Pipe SlipsDrill collar Slips 2. Slips
- 76. Eng. Elsayed Amer Casing slips 2. Slips
- 77. The are used on tubular above the slips to prevent dropping the string should the slips fail to hold. Eng. Elsayed Amer 3. Safety clamp
- 78. The are used on tubular above the slips to prevent dropping the string should the slips fail to hold. Eng. Elsayed Amer 3. Safety clamp
- 79. Used to make up and brake down drill string. Eng. Elsayed Amer Make up Tong Breakout Tong 4. Rig tong
- 80. Used to make up and brake down drill string. Eng. Elsayed Amer 4. Rig tong
- 81. Eng. Elsayed Amer 5. Drillpipe Spinner A pneumatically operated device usually suspended on the rig floor used to make fast connections and spin off of drill pipes.
- 82. Eng. Elsayed Amer 5. Drillpipe Spinner A pneumatically operated device usually suspended on the rig floor used to make fast connections and spin off of drill pipes.
- 83. Eng. Elsayed Amer 6. Bit breaker A device that is placed on top of the rotary table to enable the bit to be made up to drill string.
- 84. 4. Mud Circulation System R i g c o m p o n e n t s Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 85. 3. Mud Circulation System A major function of the fluid circulating system is to remove the rock cuttings from the hole as the drilling progresses Function Principal Components: 1. Mud Pump 2. Pump Manifold 3. Standpipe 4. Swivel 5. Drillstring 6. Annulus 7. Return Line 8. Shale Shaker 9. Desander 10. Desilter 11. Degasser 12. Mud Pit Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 87. 4. Mud Circulation System 1. Mud pumps A large, high-pressure reciprocating pump used to circulated the mud on a drilling rig. with 2 or 3 pistons (duplex or triplex pumps), may be single – or dual acting, and receive their power from an electric motor independent from other uses. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 88. 4. Mud Circulation System 1. Mud pumps Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 89. 4. Mud Circulation System 1. Mud pumps Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 91. 4. Mud Circulation System 2. Stand pipe manifold Divert Mud flow to kill lines in case of kill or lost circulation Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 92. 4. Mud Circulation System 3. Stand Pipe The vertical pipe rising along the side of the Derrick or Mast, which joins mud pump manifold to the rotary hose. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 94. 4. Mud Circulation System 6. Rotary hose A large-diameter (3- to 5-in. inside diameter), high-pressure flexible line used to connect the standpipe to the swivel. This flexible piping arrangement permits the kelly (and, in turn, the drillstring and bit) to be raised or lowered while drilling fluid is pumped through the drillstring. The simultaneous lowering of the drillstring while pumping fluid is critical to the drilling operation. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 97. 4. Mud Circulation System 7. Mud return The passageway of the drilling fluid as it comes out of the well. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 98. 4. Mud Circulation System 8. Shale Shaker An equipment the uses a vibrating screen to remove cuttings from the circulating fluid in rotary drilling operations. POSSUM BELLY From mud return line Vibrator motor Screens Shale shaker Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 100. 4. Mud Circulation System 9. Desander A centrifugal device for removing sand from the drilling fluid to prevent abrasion of the pumps. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 101. 4. Mud Circulation System 10. Desilter Also a centrifugal device for removing free particles of silt from the drilling fluid to keep the amount of solids in the fluid at the lowest possible point. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 102. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 103. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 104. 4. Mud Circulation System 10. Degasser Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 105. 4. Mud Circulation System 11. Mud Gas Separator Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 106. 4. Mud Circulation System 12.Reserve Pit A waste pit, usually an excavated earthen-walled pit. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 107. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 108. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 109. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 110. 7 6 3 5 4 8 12 11 1 2 9 10 14 13 15 1617 Hose Kelly Stand pipe BOP Annulus Drillpipes Drill collars Drill bit Seprator Shale shaker Return line Mud pumps Mud-mixing Shake Mud tanks Mud mixer Desilter Discharge line Mud Circulating System: Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 111. Circulation System Drill Collar Mud House Borehole Shaleslide Mud pit Shale shaker Chemical tank Mud return line Discharge Mud pump Swivel Kelly Drill pipe Annulus Reserve pit Bit Standpipe Rotary hose Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 112. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 113. 5. Power systemR i g c o m p o n e n t s Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 114. Rig component 5.Powersystem Internal combustion engine or a turbine that is the source of power for driving equipment on the Rig. In a drilling site power is needed to run the machines driving the main components of the rig, such as the drawworks, the pumps, the rotary table and the engines of the various auxiliary facilities (compressed air, safety systems, centrifugal pumps, lighting, services, etc.) Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 115. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 116. Rig component 5.Powersystem Power and electrical control room SCR Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 117. Rig component 5.Powersystem Fuel tank for generator Diesel Tank Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 118. Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 119. 6.Blowout Prevention System R i g c o m p o n e n t s Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 120. 6. 6.Blowout Prevention System The function of the well control system is to prevent the uncontrolled flow of formation fluids from the wellbore . Function Principal Components: 1. Annular Blowout Preventer 2. Ram Blowout Preventer 3. Diverter 4. Drilling Spools 5. Manifold, Valves and Sensors 6. Accumulator 7. Inside BOP Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 121. BOP Bell nipple Flow line Fill line Annular preventer Pipe ram Shear/blind ram Kill line Choke Pipe ram Emergency kill line Emergency choke BOP riser Drilling spool Casing headEng. Elsayed Amer
- 122. Rig component 6.BOP Blow Out Preventers (BOPs), are large valves located on the wellhead during drilling operations ,able to fully shut-in the well in just a few tens of seconds, whatever the working conditions. BOP stack consists, starting from below, of: 1. one or more spools for connection to the wellhead 2. a dual function ram preventer 3. a single-function ram preventer 4. an annular blowout preventer 5. a lateral tube which conveys the outgoing mud from the well to the shaker. BOP Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 123. Rig component 6.BOP BOP Single Double Terrible As per ram numbers As per ram shape Blind Pipe Shearing Variable Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 124. Rig component 6.BOP The arrangement of piping and special valves, called chokes, through which drilling mud is circulated when the blowout preventers are closed to control the pressures encountered during a kick. 2- Choke manifold Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 125. Rig component 6.BOP The storage device for nitrogen pressurized hydraulic fluid, which is used in operating the blowout preventers. 3- accumulator Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 126. Rig component 6.BOP The diverter is a large, low pressure, annular preventer equipped with large bore discharge flowlines. This type of BOP is generally used when drilling at shallow depths below the conductor. 4. Diverter System Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 127. BOP Single Double Terrible As per ram numbers As per ram shape Blind Pipe Shearing Variable Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 128. ST 4 2000 hp drilling rig Sino Tharwa Drilling Company Rated Drilling Depth Mud Pumps Mud Tanks Power Supply Well Control Equipment Rotary Table Hook load Draw Works Derrick Safety Equipment Camp 20,000 ft. with 5” drill pipe. Static load capacity 1,000,000 lb Height 149 ft 2000 hp drilling line 1 1/2” Rated capacity 1,000,000 lb Max. Opening 37-1/2” Height 29.5 ft Two Triplex 1600 hp Rated input power 5000 psi working pressure Total number 6 tanks Total capacity 2250 bbl 3 ea. Engine Cat 3512 B • 21 ¼” x 2000 psi diverter system • 13 5/8” annular preventer 5000 psi. • 13 5/8” double ram preventer 10000 psi. • 13 5/8” single ram preventer 10000 psi • Accumulator unit 3000 psi working pressure with 210 gallon capacity & 20 bottle installed To accommodate 80 person As required by regulations Eng. Elsayed Amer
- 129. Drilling Time & Cost Impact Section Lengths Time Savings (Days) Dayrate Cost ($70k / day) Casing Cost Cement Cost Total Cost 26" Hole 1500 Base Case -$ 81,000.00$ 41,000.00$ 122,000.00$ 16" Hole 6445 Base Case -$ 278,075.00$ 118,000.00$ 396,075.00$ 14" Hole 4740 Base Case -$ 378,000.00$ 110,000.00$ 488,000.00$ 12 1/4" Hole 2315 Base Case -$ 465,000.00$ 106,000.00$ 571,000.00$ 8 1/2" Hole 3430 Base Case -$ -$ -$ -$ Total Depth 18430 Base Case -$ 1,202,075.00$ 375,000.00$ $1,577,075.00 Section Lengths Time Savings (Days) Dayrate Cost ($70k / day) Casing Cost Cement Cost Total Cost 26" Hole 1500 0.00 $0.00 81,000.00$ 41,000.00$ 122,000.00$ 16" Hole 6855 0.57 $39,861.11 292,425.00$ 125,506.59$ 457,792.71$ 14" Hole 4081 (1.83) ($128,138.89) 328,575.00$ 94,706.75$ 295,142.86$ 12 1/4" Hole 2303 (0.03) ($2,333.33) 456,909.00$ 105,450.54$ 560,026.21$ 8 1/2" Hole 3393 (0.10) ($7,194.44) -$ -$ (7,194.44)$ Total Depth 18132 (1.40) ($97,805.56) 1,158,909.00$ 366,663.89$ $1,427,767.33 $149,307.67 Original Design Cost Benefit Revised Design Cost Benefit Estimated Total Savings = Eng. Elsayed Amer