8051 microcontroller and embedded training (sahil gupta 9068557926)
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The document discusses embedded systems and microcontrollers. It provides introductions to embedded systems, their applications, and microcontrollers. Specifically, it describes the 8051 microcontroller, its architecture including RAM, ROM, timers, ports, and registers. It also discusses interfacing the 8051 with common devices like LEDs, LCDs, motors, and 7-segment displays. Finally, it proposes a metro train prototype project using an 8051 to control stepper motors for train movement and door opening/closing, with an LCD for passenger information.
8051 microcontroller and embedded training (sahil gupta 9068557926)
- 1. Presentation on The 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems
- 2. • An embedded system is some combination of computer hardware and software that is specifically designed for a particular function. • Embedded systems employ the use of a RTOS . (Real-Time Operating System). • RTOS sets the rules during execution of application processes to enable finishing of a process within the assigned time interval and with assigned priority. INTRODUCTION TO EMBEDDED SYSTEM
- 3. • Consumer electronics • Telecommunications • Automobiles • Medical Instruments • Industrial control equipment • Defense • Banking & Finance • Entertainment • Office automation APPLICATIONS OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM
- 4. • A microcontroller is a computer-on-a-chip. • Micro suggests that the device is small, and controller tells you that the devise might be used to control objects, processes, or events. • Another term to describe a microcontroller is embedded controller, because the microcontroller and its support circuits are often built into, or embedded in, the devices they control. INTRODUCTION TO MICROCONTROLLER
- 5. MICROPROCESSOR • Microprocessor is heart of Computer system • It is just a processor. Memory and I/O components have to be connected externally. • Since memory and I/O components are all external,it is relatively slower. • Microprocessors are based on von Neumann model/ architecture. • Cost of the entire system increases. • Microprocessor have less number of registers • Micro Controller is a heart of embedded system. • Micro controller has internal memory and I/O components. • Since memory and I/O components are all internal, it is relatively faster. • Micro controllers are based on Harvard architecture. • Cost of the entire system is low. • Micro controller have more number of registers MICROCONTROLLER MICROPROCESSOR Vs MICROCONTROLLER
- 6. A DESCRIPTIVE BLOCK DIAGRAM OF MICROPROCESSOR & MICROCONTROLLER
- 7. • The 8051 is an 8-bit processor • 128 bytes of RAM • 4K bytes of on-chip ROM • Two timers each of 16 bits • One serial port • Four I/O ports, each 8 bits wide • 8 bits program status word (PSW) • Oscillator and clock circuits • 4 register banks where each has 8 registers • 21 SFRs ( Special Function Register) 8051 ARCHITECTURE
- 8. PIN DIAGRAM OF 8051
- 9. • The four 8-bit I/O ports P0, P1, P2 and P3 each uses 8 pins. • PORT 0: It can be used for input or output, each pin must be connected externally to a 10K ohm pull-up resistor. • PORT 1,2 & 3: these ports do not need any pull-up resistors since they already have pull-up resistors internally. • To reconfigure it as an input, a 1 must be sent to the port. • To reconfigure it as an output, a 0 must be sent to the port. • All the ports upon RESET are configured as input, ready to be used as input ports. • Sometimes we need to access only 1 or 2 bits of the port, then we use ‘sbit’ to use these pins separately. INPUT / OUTPUT PORTS
- 10. PSW (Program Status Word)
- 11. • Interfacing of LEDs with 8051 microcontroller. • Interfacing of LCD with 8051 microcontroller. • Interfacing of DC motor with 8051 microcontroller. • Interfacing of 7-segment with 8051 microcontroller. INTERFACING WITH 8051
- 12. PROJECT WORK
- 13. • This project is designed to demonstrate the technology used in now a day’s driver less metro trains. • These trains are equipped with the CPU, which controls the train. • The train is programmed for the specific path. • Every station on the path is defined; stoppage, timing of the train and distance between the two stations is predefined. To be continued… INTRODUCTION TO METRO TRAIN PROTOTYPE USING 8051
- 14. … • Here we are using 2 stepper motors. One represents the motion of the train and the other represents the opening and closing of the doors. • We are using an LCD display to provide information. • Before stopping at station, the LCD will display the up next station’s name, then the indication of opening/closing of the doors.
- 15. Proposed Circuit for Metro Train Prototype