Aadhar based fully Automated EVM with High End Security Network using ARM7 and Arduino
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1. The document proposes an automated EVM system using Aadhar card identification, fingerprint authentication, and additional security features. 2. The system uses an Arduino board with an alcohol sensor and metal detector to prevent intoxicated or armed voters from casting ballots. 3. An ARM7 microcontroller then authenticates voters by matching their fingerprints to Aadhar card data stored in memory and allows voting via a keypad. The system aims to make the voting process more efficient, reliable and error-free.
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 748
Aadhar based fully Automated EVM with High End Security Network
using ARM7 and Arduino
Varsha V1, Pushpalatha S2
1 Student, M.Tech, Digital Electronics & Communication Systems, VTU PG Centre, Mysuru, India
2 Assistant Professor, M.Tech, Digital Electronics & Communication Systems, VTU PG Centre, Mysuru, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - The paper proposes a fully secured embedded
system with lot of security features to avoid misconceptions
which takes place during the elections. The systemisprovided
with two security measures namely “Arduino based Security
System” and “ARM7 based Automated System”. The Arduino
based Security System consists of alcohol sensor, metal
detector which detects the drunken voters and voters with
metal weapons such as guns, bombs through a buzzer and
LEDs, which alerts the authorized persons or constables who
are on election duty. ARM7 based Automated System uses
fingerprint technique which checks for the aadhar number
and fingerprint of the voter with the already stored data in
the memory of microcontroller. GSM technology involves in
the transmission of information to voters through messages.
The system provides efficient, quicker, and reliable and
blunder error free voting process as the voting is of crucial
importance in the society where people determine their
government.
Keywords: Aadhar Card, Arduino Uno, ARM7, Fingerprint
technique.
1. INTRODUCTION
Voting is the fundamental right in the democracy of the
country. Government is the part of the democracy. It is the
most pivotal process that expresses the decision of the
general population and maintains the exceptional
importance of a framework represented by the general
population’s decision. Electronic VotingMachine(EVM)isan
electronic device that getsvotesfromvoters,storesthevotes
and numbers the votes soon after thecastingofvoteprocess.
Aadhar card system was introduced in India years back.
Now a day’s, aadhar services are very easy, popular and
realistic. Since each aadhar card comes with a unique
identification number, details of a person and biometrical
identifications, government of India is allowing many
services which are purely dependent on thisaadharprocess.
Hence in this system, a unique number enrolled for each
person and the fingerprints taken during the enrollment of
the aadhar card is utilized as identification during the
election process.
Each individual is required to carry and show the voter
ID card while going to the polling booth to poll his vote
during elections. This is a tedious procedure and time
consuming process as the individual’svoterIDcardhastobe
checked and verified with the government list, confirm it as
an approved card and then the individual will be permitted
to poll his vote. Thus, to avoid these kinds of problems,
fingerprint based system with security measures such as
alcohol and metal detection has been designed where the
voter ID card is not required.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
A ballot is an electronic device used in an election inorder to
cast the votes. The election officers verify a person's right to
vote by comparing their personal information with the data
listed on the electoral roll. If a person has the right to vote,
the election documents and the ballot paper are provided to
the voter. The voter then fills out the paper ballot in the
polling booth and puts their completed ballot in the ballot
box. The box has to be totally locked and sealed until
counting session starts so as to ensure that the ballot papers
cannot be manipulated. Once the voting has formally
finished, the ballot boxes will be opened under close
supervision and the ballot papers will be talliedaccordingto
the national voting laws. It requires more papers, more
power for security, and time for counting [1].
EVMs were first utilized as a part of the by-election to
north paravur assembly constituencyofKerala in1981.EVM
has a Control Unit and the Ballot Unit. A five-meter cable
connects the two units [2]. Control UnitisplacedinPresiding
Officer’s compartment or with a Polling Officer. The
Balloting Unit will be kept inside the voting compartment.
Primarily, the voter needs to get his voter ID checked and
verified with the list. If he is eligible, then he will be
permitted to vote. The voter then can make his choice by
pressing the switch on the balloting unit to a particular
party. Illegal voting can be done as one candidate can poll
the vote of other members in the electoral list [2].
Voters can cast the votes through GSM mobile. Just like
the voter ID, a mobile ID is given to all eligible voters by
election committee board.Theperson whohasmobileIDcan
cast the vote through GSM mobile. On the day of voting the
voter has to send a message which contains his mobile ID
and candidate’s ID which he/she assigns to vote in terms of
messages, which comes from voters mobile. There may be
false vote by the individual who can fabricate theSIMhaving
a similar number and furthermore if the individual loosesID
number then false voting can be done [3].](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v4i7188-170830103813/85/Aadhar-based-fully-Automated-EVM-with-High-End-Security-Network-using-ARM7-and-Arduino-1-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 749
RFID system consists of RFID tag and RFID reader [4].
Each tag contains the information of individual voters such
as name of the voter, voter ID. When RFID tag is placed near
RFID reader, it reads the tag ID. The reader then
communicates with the MCU and checks for tag ID that is
stored in the database. If it is present, an OTP is sent to his
registered mobile number. If correct password is entered,
the switches get activated and thepersoncanpoll hisvote.In
case the ID is not present, the session is terminated[4].RFID
systems are often more expensive.Tagsmaybevulnerableto
Electro-Static discharge.
In secured Electronic Voting Machine using Biometric
[5], the personal computer is utilized to gather and store the
database of the considerable number of people before the
voting process. The processor is connected with the
computer to access the database which is stored. An optical
fingerprint module is used to scan and it sends the scanned
signal for the verification. A touch screen is used to give the
input to the processor for selecting the candidate [5].
Database stored in the personal computerarenotsecure and
safe. Illegal voting is possible.
3. PROPOSED ARCHITECTURE
Figure 1: Arduino based Security System
Figure 2: ARM7 based Automated System
3.1 WORKING PRINCIPLE
At the entry level, the person at the polling booth will be
checked for alcohol consumption and metal detection by an
embedded unit interfaced with Arduino Uno. If the person
has consumed alcohol or if any metal is detected, the system
alerts the authorized persons through a buzzer and LEDs.
Buzzer produces a continuous tone. An alert message issent
through GSM and also a blank call to authorized persons.
Hence further the person will not be allowedtocastthevote.
At the next level, the ARM7 Microcontroller has been
used. Keypad, LCD, GSM and Fingerprint module are
connected to the Microcontroller. The fingerprint module is
connected to MAX 232 because it converts the RS-232 serial
port levels of the fingerprint scanner to the TTL logic level
which is understood by microcontroller. Fingerprint
Processing includestwomodes:FingerprintEnroll modeand
Vote Casting mode. For enrolling, the person has to enterhis
12 digit aadhar number. If it is valid it asks for fingerprint of
the voter then the person needs to enter the fingerprint
twice. The image template will be stored in the memory i.e.
EEPROM of microcontroller. For vote casting, the person
needs to enter his 12 digit aadhar number, scan his
fingerprint once and can cast the vote by pressing a
particular number on the keypad for their favorable party.
After casting of votes, a message will sent through GSM to
the voted people regarding the results of the election
conducted.
3.2 COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
A. ARDUINO UNO (ATmega328p)
The Arduino Uno is a microcontrollerboarddependentupon
ATmega328p manfactured by ATMEL. It is a central unit
which monitors the alcohol sensor and metal detector. It is
used for controlling purpose.
Figure 3: Arduino Uno Board
Table 1: Specifications of Arduino Uno](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v4i7188-170830103813/85/Aadhar-based-fully-Automated-EVM-with-High-End-Security-Network-using-ARM7-and-Arduino-2-320.jpg)
![International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 751
H. LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display
unit and a 16x2 LCD can display 16 characters for each line
and there are 2 such lines.
Figure 10: 16x2 LCD
I. GSM
Global System for mobile communication is used to send
messages if the voter is drunked or with metal detected. It
also sends the results immediately after the elections gets
over.
Figure 11: GSM Modem
4. RESULT
Figure 12: Model of proposed system
If the range of alcohol is greater than 800, the buzzer and
Red LED turns ON and it indicates that the person is drunk.
Similarly, if the percentage of metal is more than 25 it
indicates the person has some metal and again the buzzer
and Red LED turns ON.
For enrolling, the person has to enter his 12digitaadhar
number. If it is valid it asks for fingerprint of the voter then
the person needs to enter the fingerprint twice. If it is valid
he can go to vote casting mode, where aadhar number hasto
be entered again and has to scan fingerprint once. Ifboththe
fingerprint matches, the person can cast the vote to his/her
favorable party.
5. CONCLUSION
The system provides safety from alcoholic persons and
Maoists who come to polling booth to blast polling booth.
The system is linked to AADHAAR to avoid vote duplication
and provides portability, flexibility. Data transmission also
consumes low power. If face recognition based retinal scan
method is adopted the problem of authentication can be
solved up to 100%.
REFERENCES
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballot
[2] https://en.wiki.org/wiki/electronic_voting_in_india
[3] Monali R.Dave, Jai Karan Singh, Mukesh Tiwari, Dr.
Anubhuti Khare, “Implementation of Intelligent Polling
System using GSM Mobile”, “International Journal of
Computer Technology and Electronics Engineering
(IJCTEE) Volume, Issue 2”.
[4] B.Mary Havilah Haque, G.M.Owais Ahmed, D.Sukruthi,
“RFID Based Electronic Voting System Linked With
AADHAAR for Rigging Free Elections”, “International
Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics
and Instrumentation Engineering”,Vol.5,Issue3,March
2016.
[5] Anandaraj S, Anish R, Devakumar P.V, “Secured
Electronic Voting Machine using Biometric”, “IEEE
Sponsored 2nd International Conference on
Innovations in Information, Embedded and
Communication systems”.
BIOGRAPHY
Varsha V is a student pursuing M.Tech in
Digital Electronics & Communication
Systems, VTU PG Centre, Mysuru.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/irjet-v4i7188-170830103813/85/Aadhar-based-fully-Automated-EVM-with-High-End-Security-Network-using-ARM7-and-Arduino-4-320.jpg)
Aadhar based fully Automated EVM with High End Security Network using ARM7 and Arduino
- 1. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 748 Aadhar based fully Automated EVM with High End Security Network using ARM7 and Arduino Varsha V1, Pushpalatha S2 1 Student, M.Tech, Digital Electronics & Communication Systems, VTU PG Centre, Mysuru, India 2 Assistant Professor, M.Tech, Digital Electronics & Communication Systems, VTU PG Centre, Mysuru, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - The paper proposes a fully secured embedded system with lot of security features to avoid misconceptions which takes place during the elections. The systemisprovided with two security measures namely “Arduino based Security System” and “ARM7 based Automated System”. The Arduino based Security System consists of alcohol sensor, metal detector which detects the drunken voters and voters with metal weapons such as guns, bombs through a buzzer and LEDs, which alerts the authorized persons or constables who are on election duty. ARM7 based Automated System uses fingerprint technique which checks for the aadhar number and fingerprint of the voter with the already stored data in the memory of microcontroller. GSM technology involves in the transmission of information to voters through messages. The system provides efficient, quicker, and reliable and blunder error free voting process as the voting is of crucial importance in the society where people determine their government. Keywords: Aadhar Card, Arduino Uno, ARM7, Fingerprint technique. 1. INTRODUCTION Voting is the fundamental right in the democracy of the country. Government is the part of the democracy. It is the most pivotal process that expresses the decision of the general population and maintains the exceptional importance of a framework represented by the general population’s decision. Electronic VotingMachine(EVM)isan electronic device that getsvotesfromvoters,storesthevotes and numbers the votes soon after thecastingofvoteprocess. Aadhar card system was introduced in India years back. Now a day’s, aadhar services are very easy, popular and realistic. Since each aadhar card comes with a unique identification number, details of a person and biometrical identifications, government of India is allowing many services which are purely dependent on thisaadharprocess. Hence in this system, a unique number enrolled for each person and the fingerprints taken during the enrollment of the aadhar card is utilized as identification during the election process. Each individual is required to carry and show the voter ID card while going to the polling booth to poll his vote during elections. This is a tedious procedure and time consuming process as the individual’svoterIDcardhastobe checked and verified with the government list, confirm it as an approved card and then the individual will be permitted to poll his vote. Thus, to avoid these kinds of problems, fingerprint based system with security measures such as alcohol and metal detection has been designed where the voter ID card is not required. 2. LITERATURE SURVEY A ballot is an electronic device used in an election inorder to cast the votes. The election officers verify a person's right to vote by comparing their personal information with the data listed on the electoral roll. If a person has the right to vote, the election documents and the ballot paper are provided to the voter. The voter then fills out the paper ballot in the polling booth and puts their completed ballot in the ballot box. The box has to be totally locked and sealed until counting session starts so as to ensure that the ballot papers cannot be manipulated. Once the voting has formally finished, the ballot boxes will be opened under close supervision and the ballot papers will be talliedaccordingto the national voting laws. It requires more papers, more power for security, and time for counting [1]. EVMs were first utilized as a part of the by-election to north paravur assembly constituencyofKerala in1981.EVM has a Control Unit and the Ballot Unit. A five-meter cable connects the two units [2]. Control UnitisplacedinPresiding Officer’s compartment or with a Polling Officer. The Balloting Unit will be kept inside the voting compartment. Primarily, the voter needs to get his voter ID checked and verified with the list. If he is eligible, then he will be permitted to vote. The voter then can make his choice by pressing the switch on the balloting unit to a particular party. Illegal voting can be done as one candidate can poll the vote of other members in the electoral list [2]. Voters can cast the votes through GSM mobile. Just like the voter ID, a mobile ID is given to all eligible voters by election committee board.Theperson whohasmobileIDcan cast the vote through GSM mobile. On the day of voting the voter has to send a message which contains his mobile ID and candidate’s ID which he/she assigns to vote in terms of messages, which comes from voters mobile. There may be false vote by the individual who can fabricate theSIMhaving a similar number and furthermore if the individual loosesID number then false voting can be done [3].
- 2. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 749 RFID system consists of RFID tag and RFID reader [4]. Each tag contains the information of individual voters such as name of the voter, voter ID. When RFID tag is placed near RFID reader, it reads the tag ID. The reader then communicates with the MCU and checks for tag ID that is stored in the database. If it is present, an OTP is sent to his registered mobile number. If correct password is entered, the switches get activated and thepersoncanpoll hisvote.In case the ID is not present, the session is terminated[4].RFID systems are often more expensive.Tagsmaybevulnerableto Electro-Static discharge. In secured Electronic Voting Machine using Biometric [5], the personal computer is utilized to gather and store the database of the considerable number of people before the voting process. The processor is connected with the computer to access the database which is stored. An optical fingerprint module is used to scan and it sends the scanned signal for the verification. A touch screen is used to give the input to the processor for selecting the candidate [5]. Database stored in the personal computerarenotsecure and safe. Illegal voting is possible. 3. PROPOSED ARCHITECTURE Figure 1: Arduino based Security System Figure 2: ARM7 based Automated System 3.1 WORKING PRINCIPLE At the entry level, the person at the polling booth will be checked for alcohol consumption and metal detection by an embedded unit interfaced with Arduino Uno. If the person has consumed alcohol or if any metal is detected, the system alerts the authorized persons through a buzzer and LEDs. Buzzer produces a continuous tone. An alert message issent through GSM and also a blank call to authorized persons. Hence further the person will not be allowedtocastthevote. At the next level, the ARM7 Microcontroller has been used. Keypad, LCD, GSM and Fingerprint module are connected to the Microcontroller. The fingerprint module is connected to MAX 232 because it converts the RS-232 serial port levels of the fingerprint scanner to the TTL logic level which is understood by microcontroller. Fingerprint Processing includestwomodes:FingerprintEnroll modeand Vote Casting mode. For enrolling, the person has to enterhis 12 digit aadhar number. If it is valid it asks for fingerprint of the voter then the person needs to enter the fingerprint twice. The image template will be stored in the memory i.e. EEPROM of microcontroller. For vote casting, the person needs to enter his 12 digit aadhar number, scan his fingerprint once and can cast the vote by pressing a particular number on the keypad for their favorable party. After casting of votes, a message will sent through GSM to the voted people regarding the results of the election conducted. 3.2 COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION A. ARDUINO UNO (ATmega328p) The Arduino Uno is a microcontrollerboarddependentupon ATmega328p manfactured by ATMEL. It is a central unit which monitors the alcohol sensor and metal detector. It is used for controlling purpose. Figure 3: Arduino Uno Board Table 1: Specifications of Arduino Uno
- 3. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 750 B. ALCOHOL SENSOR (MQ3) A MQ-3 Alcohol Sensor detects the presence and theamount of the alcohol gas (ethanol) present in the air and an analog voltage is an output reading. The sensor can be actuated at temperatures ranging from -10 to 50˚C with a power supply of less than 150mA at 5V. The sensing range starts from0.04 mg/L to 4mg/L, which is suitable for breathalyzers. Figure 4: MQ3 Alcohol Sensor C. METAL DETECTOR Metal detector is a device that detects weapons such as knives, blades, bombs and firearms. Metal detectors are diagnostically useful because of their low cost, ease of use and absence of radiation exposure. Figure 5: Metal Detector D. BUZZER A buzzer is an audio signaling electronic device used to produce a continuous sound when a person is drunked or detected with metal. Figure 6: Buzzer E. ARM7 MICROCONTROLLER (LPC2148) It is a microcontroller board manufactured by Philips which is used to for controlling purpose of the unique fingerprint module, when to receive the information and provides commands to LCD for displaying the data. Figure 7: ARM7 Microcontroller Board Table 2: Specifications of Arduino Uno F. Fingerprint Module (R305) Finger print module is the essential part of the EVM. The module is utilized for scanning and storing the finger print and can configure it in 1:1 or 1: N mode for identifying the person. All the process of scanner is controlled by the ARM7 microcontroller. The scanner is connected to the controller through “RS232 to TTL”. RS2232 has an IC called MAX232 which is used to convert the binary (0’s or 1’s) data of the scanner into TTL (Transistor-Transistor Logic) which is understood by the microcontroller. Figure 8: Fingerprint Module R305 Table 3: Specifications of R305 Fingerprint Module G. MATRIX KEYPAD (4X4) The keypad 4x4 is utilized for loading the numeric aadhar numbers into the microcontroller by the voter. It comprises of 16 buttons organized in a form of an array containingfour rows and four columns. Figure 9: 4x4 matrix keypad
- 4. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July -2017 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 © 2017, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 5.181 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 751 H. LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic display unit and a 16x2 LCD can display 16 characters for each line and there are 2 such lines. Figure 10: 16x2 LCD I. GSM Global System for mobile communication is used to send messages if the voter is drunked or with metal detected. It also sends the results immediately after the elections gets over. Figure 11: GSM Modem 4. RESULT Figure 12: Model of proposed system If the range of alcohol is greater than 800, the buzzer and Red LED turns ON and it indicates that the person is drunk. Similarly, if the percentage of metal is more than 25 it indicates the person has some metal and again the buzzer and Red LED turns ON. For enrolling, the person has to enter his 12digitaadhar number. If it is valid it asks for fingerprint of the voter then the person needs to enter the fingerprint twice. If it is valid he can go to vote casting mode, where aadhar number hasto be entered again and has to scan fingerprint once. Ifboththe fingerprint matches, the person can cast the vote to his/her favorable party. 5. CONCLUSION The system provides safety from alcoholic persons and Maoists who come to polling booth to blast polling booth. The system is linked to AADHAAR to avoid vote duplication and provides portability, flexibility. Data transmission also consumes low power. If face recognition based retinal scan method is adopted the problem of authentication can be solved up to 100%. REFERENCES [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballot [2] https://en.wiki.org/wiki/electronic_voting_in_india [3] Monali R.Dave, Jai Karan Singh, Mukesh Tiwari, Dr. Anubhuti Khare, “Implementation of Intelligent Polling System using GSM Mobile”, “International Journal of Computer Technology and Electronics Engineering (IJCTEE) Volume, Issue 2”. [4] B.Mary Havilah Haque, G.M.Owais Ahmed, D.Sukruthi, “RFID Based Electronic Voting System Linked With AADHAAR for Rigging Free Elections”, “International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering”,Vol.5,Issue3,March 2016. [5] Anandaraj S, Anish R, Devakumar P.V, “Secured Electronic Voting Machine using Biometric”, “IEEE Sponsored 2nd International Conference on Innovations in Information, Embedded and Communication systems”. BIOGRAPHY Varsha V is a student pursuing M.Tech in Digital Electronics & Communication Systems, VTU PG Centre, Mysuru.