An Introduction to Cyber Ethics
- 1. COMPUTER APPLICATIONS CLASS X (Code 165) TOPIC: UNIT 3: Cyber Ethics By HIMANSHU PATHAK
- 2. Contents • Introduction • Cyber Ethics • Netiquettes • Rules of Netiquettes • Software Licenses – Closed Source Software – Open-source Software – Free Software
- 3. Introduction • Ethics is the classic sense refers to the rules and standards governing the conduct of an individual with others. • Need: In order to keep the healthy environment in computer room, to make good relation with the co- workers and to improve the working efficiency, some basic ethics are necessary. • Computer ethics is a concept in ethics that addresses the ethical issues and constraints that arise from the use of computers, and how they can be prevented.
- 4. Cyber Ethics • Cyber means electronic communication networks. • Ethics is a system of moral principles. • Cyber ethics is the study of ethics pertaining to computers, covering user behavior and what computers are programmed to do. • In other way, Cyber Ethics is the conduct of acceptable usage of online resources by a user.
- 5. Cont… • The main issues that surround cyber ethics are: Copyright/Downloading, Hacking and Cyber bullying. • These three issues are increasing daily and mostly due to children using the internet improperly. • Copyright/Downloading has become a major problem which allow users to download music, programs and videos for free. • Hacking is the intentional damage that a person inflicts onto another computer or computer network. • Cyber bullying is bullying that takes place carrying electronic technology.
- 6. Netiquettes • Netiquettes is a set of rules for acceptable online behavior. • It is made by combining the words ‘network’ and ‘etiquette’, thus it is also known as Internet Etiquette. • It means the use of good manners in online communication such as e-mails, forums, blogs and social networking sites etc. • In other words, Netiquettes means, we should be ethical, respectful and responsible while surfing the Internet.
- 7. Cont… • Ethical means we should share our information and expertise online without any copyright violations. • We need to be responsible means we should not indulge in any insulting, degrading or intimidating online behavior which is Cyber Bullying. • We should not encourage trolls by giving attention to them. • Respectful means we should respect other people’s privacy and the freedom of personal expression.
- 8. Rules of Netiquette • Some of the netiquettes are mentioned as under: – Don’t backbite – Don’t plagiarize – Thank people who help you – Verify facts before reposting – Don’t overuse the emotions – Respect other people's privacy – Don’t express offensive opinions – Don’t type only in capital letters – Don’t send unwanted spam messages – Check messages and respond promptly – Don’t post private or embarrassing images or comments
- 9. Software Licenses • License is permission granted by the holder of a copyright to another to use an original work. • A software license is a document that provides details regarding the use and distribution of software. • They either prohibit or provide end users with the right to make copies of the software. • They classified as proprietary/ closed source, open source software and freeware/ free software.
- 10. Proprietary/ Closed Source Software • Proprietary software, you need to purchase the license and features are unlocked only after you purchase the software. • Proprietary software remains the property of its owner/creator and is used by end-users / organizations under predefined conditions. • Proprietary software may also be called closed-source software or commercial software. • It is paid software for which the software publisher retains intellectual property rights. • Some examples of Proprietary software includes Windows, MacOS, Internet Explorer, Google earth, Microsoft Office etc.
- 11. Open-source Software • The term Open Source refers to software in which the source code is freely available for others to view, amend, and adapt. • It is free software in which the software publisher releases the source code under a license. • It grants permission to end users to redistribute them and make modifications in the software. • Some examples of Open source software includes Android, Ubuntu, Firefox, Open Office etc.
- 12. Freeware/Free Software • It is software that is available for free, but they are still considered closed source or proprietary software because their source code is not available to the end user to make any modifications. • Shareware is where the software is free only for specified period, on only few features are available for free. E.g. WinZip or MySQL. • Then we have Freeware. These are software where all features are available free for life. E.g. Yahoo Messenger or Adobe PDF.
- 13. Open Source Software Movement • The open-source-software movement is a movement that supports the use of open-source licenses for some or all software, a part of the broader notion of open collaboration. • It is a movement in which the source-code of software is released to programmers in order to make voluntary modifications and its distribution. • Such movement lead to the development of MediaWiki software through which Wikipedia website is built.
- 14. Summary • Cyber Ethics and Netiquettes. • Software Licenses and their categories. • In the next class, we will start Unit III – Cyber Ethics: part 2 in detail. •Thanks