Ethics in using computer
- 2. 2 What is computer ethics? Computer ethics a system of moral standards or value uses as a guideline for computer user Analysis of the nature and social impact of computer technology
- 3. 3 THE TEN COMMANDMENTS OF COMPUTER ETHICS You shall not use a computer to harm other people. You shall not interfere with other people's computer work. You shall not snoop around in other people's computer files. You shall not use a computer to steal. You shall not use a computer to bear false witness. You shall not copy or use proprietary software for which you have not paid. You shall not use other people's computer resources without authorisation or proper compensation. You shall not appropriate other people's intellectual output. You shall think about the social consequences of the program you are writing or the system you are designing. You shall always use a computer in ways that ensure consideration and respect for your fellow humans The United States Institute of Computer Ethics
- 4. 4 GUIDELINES ON THE E-MAIL AND INTERNET USAGE IN MALAYSIA use only individual e-mail address to forward individual opinion keep the identity name and password a secret to avoid the misuse of your e-mail without your knowledge e-mail must be active to promptly reply the necessary actions needed for any matters ensure the total mail kept in the box is within the computer storage capacity scan files regularly to avoid the transmission of virus from one computer to another do not send e-mails that contain classified information which can be used to tarnish other people or country choose a suitable time to search the Internet to save access time and cost beware of prohibited sites which could affect one's moral, organisation or nation print only relevant documents that you think can be used in future to save cost
- 5. 5 Examples of unethical computer code of conducts include modifying certain information on the Internet, affecting the accuracy of the information selling information to other parties without the owner’s permission using information without authorization involvement in stealing software invasion of privacy
- 6. 6 Examples of ethical computer code of conducts include: sending warning about viruses to other computer users asking permission before sending any business advertisements to others using information with authorization
- 7. 7 Why do we need ethics and law in computing? Respecting Ownership not stealing other people’s work Respecting Privacy reading others’ mails or files without permission Respecting Property act of tampering and changing electronic information is considered as vandalism and disrespect for other people’s property
- 8. 8 The Differences between Ethics and Law Ethics Free to Follow No Punishment Universals Produce ethical computer user Immoral Law Must follow Penalties, Punishment Depends on Country Prevent misusing of Computer Crime
- 9. 9 COMPUTER ETHICS Intellectual Properties (IP) Privacy Authentications Verification Controversial contents
- 10. 10 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY (IP) These works are unique and have value in the market placeWork created by inventors, authors and artist school begs, shoes and even your socks are protected by IP
- 11. 11 1) INTELECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION DesignPatent Trademarks Copyright TYPESTo safeguard intellectual property rights
- 12. 16 2) PRIVACY Data and information privacy The rights of individuals and companies to deny or restrict the collection and use of information about them Anonymity, confidentiality
- 13. 17 Ways Computer Technology Threaten Our Privacy Cookies - used to identify users by web casting, e-commerce and other - contain user information and are saved in the computer hard disk - used by some websites to store passwords and track how regularly we visit a websites, that’s how we become potential targets for web advertisers Cookies Electronic profile Spyware
- 14. 18 A program that collects user information without the user’s knowledge Can enter computers, sneaking in like a virus Is a result of installing new programs Communicates information it collects to some outside source while we are online Spyware
- 15. 19 the combining of data in a database that can be sold to the Internet by the company to the interested parties this database is in a form such as magazine subscription or product warranty cards that had been filled by online subscribers includes personal details such as your age, address and marital status Electronic Profile
- 16. 20 ways to protect privacy 1. Privacy law – Security Services to review the security policy – Security Management to protect the resources – Security Mechanism to implement the required security services – Security Objects, the important entities within the system environment
- 17. 21 2. Utilities software –anti-spam program, firewall, anti-spyware and antivirus
- 18. 22 3. Authentications A process where users verify that they are who they say they are Example ATM machine Methods of authentications:- a) Biometric devices b) Callback system Important to safeguard against the unauthorized access and use
- 19. 23 a) Biometric devices a device that translates personal characteristics into a digital code that is compared with a digital code stored in the database
- 21. 25 b) Callback system The checking system that authenticates the user Commonly used in the bank operation and business transaction
- 22. 26 Callback system For example, when you book for the taxi service, the operator will ask you to hang up and she will call you back to confirm for the service required
- 23. 27 4. Verification Act of proving or disproving the correctness of a system with respect to a certain formal specification Methods of verification:- a) User identification b) Processed object
- 24. 28 User identification The process of validating the user E.g.; Key in the user name to log-in to a system, show exam slip to verify that you are the valid candidate for the exam Processed identification Something the user has (identification card, security token, key, badge and cell phone) E.g.; The policeman will check on the driver’s license to identify the valid driver, buy blouses at the mall using a credit card
- 25. 29 5. Controversial content Information that causes disagreement in opinions and may cause the disruption of peace because different people or culture will have different views about the contents Pornography, Slander
- 26. 30 Can lead to criminal acts such as exploitation of women and children Can lead to sexual addiction or perversion Can develop low moral value towards other men, women or children Can erode good religious, cultural and social beliefs and behaviors Can develop into a society that disregards honesty and truth Can develop bad habit of spreading untruths and rumors Can lead to unnecessary argument Can cause people to have negative attitudes towards another person. Pornography Slander
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